Ch 1 Flashcards
(80 cards)
0
Q
Biological studies of livestock
A
- Nutrition/metabolism
- genetics/selection
- reproduction/physiology
- growth and development
- production/management
- end product
1
Q
Goal of animal science
A
To profitably satisfy the needs of humans for food, clothing, emotional well being, shelter, fuel, etc
2
Q
Cattle (bovine) KPCOFGS
A
Animalia Chordata Mammalia Artrodactyla Bovidae Bos Taurus, Indicus, Bison
3
Q
Sheep (ovine)
Goat (caprine)
A
Animalia Chordata Mammalia Artrodactyla Bovidae Ovis artes/ Capra hirius
4
Q
Swine (porcine)
A
Animalia Chordata Mammalia Artrodactyla Suidae Sus Scrofa domestica
5
Q
Horse (equine)
A
Animalia Chordata Mammalia Perissodactyla Equidae Equus Caballus (horse)/ asinus (donkey)
6
Q
Chicken
A
Animalia Chordata Aves Galliformes Phasinanidae Gallus Domesticus
7
Q
Young intact male cattle
Mature intact male cattle
A
Bull calf
Bull
8
Q
Young castrated male cattle
Mature castrated male cattle
A
Steer
Stag
9
Q
Young intact male swine
Mature intact male swine
Young castrated male swine
Mature castrated male swine
A
Boar pig
Boar
Barrow
Stag
10
Q
Young intact male sheep
Mature intact male sheep
Young castrated male sheep
Mature castrated male sheep
A
Ram lamb
Ram/buck
Wether
Stag
11
Q
Young intact male horse
Mature intact male horse
Young castrated male horse
A
Colt
Stud/stallion
Gelding
12
Q
Young intact male goat
Mature intact male goat
Young castrated male goat
A
Buck
Buck
Wether
13
Q
Young intact male chicken
Mature intact male chicken
Young castrated male chicken
A
Cockerel
Rooster/cock
Capon
14
Q
Young female cow
Mature female cow
A
Heffer
Cow
15
Q
Young female swine
Mature female swine
A
Gilt
Sow
16
Q
Young female sheep
Mature female sheep
A
Ewe lamb
Ewe
17
Q
Young female horse
Mature female horse
A
Filly
Mare
18
Q
Young female goat
Mature female goat
A
Doe
Doe
19
Q
Young female chicken
Mature female chicken
A
Pullet
Hen
20
Q
Mixed sex twins where th female doesn’t sexually develop normally
A
Freemartin
21
Q
Young cow meat
Mature cow meat
A
Veal/calf
Beef
22
Q
Swine meat (young and mature)
A
Pork
23
Q
Young sheep meat
Mature sheep meat
A
Lamb
Mutton
24
Horse meat (young and mature)
Horsemeat
25
Young goat meat
| Mature goat meat
Kid
| Goatmeat
26
Chicken meat (young and mature)
Chicken
27
Human uses of animals and animal products (7)
```
Food
Clothing
By products
Pleasure
Power
Manure
Research models
```
28
Uses: Food
Eggs
Milk
Organs
Carcass
29
Uses: Clothing
Leather
Wool
Pelts
30
Uses: By-products
Pharmaceuticals
| Animal feeds
31
Uses:Pleasure
___ dogs
___ cats
___ horses
Emotional well being
59 million dogs
75 million cats
9 million horses
32
Uses : Manure
| ______ manure common in Georgia
Fertilizer
Energy
Buildings
Chicken manure common in Ga
33
Human population expected to reach ______ by 2040
9 billion
34
World population of chicken
1. _______ 5.2 B
2. _______ 2.1 B
20.7 billion
China
US
35
Number 1 consumer of chicken is _______ while the US is number ___
Hong Kong
| 2
36
World population of cattle ______ B
1. ______ 213 M
3. ______ 93 M
1. 4 B
1. Brazil
3. US
37
Number 1 consumer of cattle is ______ while the US is number ___
Argentina
| 3
38
World population of sheep
1._______ 139M
#1 consumer:______
1.1 B
1. China
Australia
39
```
World population of swine
1.______ 465 M
2.______ 66 M
#1 consumer:_____
#_ consumer: US
```
```
967 M
China
US
Denmark
17
```
40
```
World population dairy cattle
1._____ 44M
_. US 9m
#1 consumer:_____
#_ consumer: US
```
```
265 m
India
4.
Finland
#16
```
41
World population of horses
1. ____ 10.2 M
#1 consumer: _____
58.4 M
US
Italy
42
Ratio of cereal grains calories and protein
| Ratio of animal products calories and protein
50:45%
16:37%
Animal products have better ratio
43
Meat has a high _________ ______
Biological value
44
Make up matches human requirements
Amino acids
45
All _____ _____ _____ are present in the correct proportions in meat
Essential amino acids
46
Animal products are an excellent source of _-_____ and the only natural source of _______ _-__
B vitamins
| Vitamin B12
47
Not getting enough nutrients
Undernourishment
48
Not good quality of nutrients in food
Malnutrition
49
Major difference between developed and developing countries is _______ and ________
Money and mechanization
50
About ___% of worlds tractors are in US
20
51
In 2005,__% of US population fed __%
2
| 98
52
One farmer fed __ US and __ world citizens
94 and 34
53
Percent disposable income spend on food in:
America
Developing countries
~11%
| 30-60%
54
Food is most affordable in which country?
United States
55
Reasons for inadequate food supply in developing countries (6)
```
Lack of knowledge
Population concentration
Lack or wealth
Governmental policies
Environmental challenges
Religious or social taboo
```
56
Population Concentration:
Asia __% people/__% ag production
North America __% people/__% ag production
50/22
| 6/27
57
US beef cow inventory
1. ______
_. Georgia
29.3 M
Texas
21
58
US cattle on feed inventory
| 1.____
13.6 M
| Texas
59
US dairy cow inventory
1._____
_. Georgia
9.2 M
California
25.
60
US Hogs and pigs inventory
1._____
_. Georgia
65.9 M
Iowa
26.
61
US breeding sheep inventory
| 1._____
40 M
| Texas
62
In 1940s, there were ___ M breeding sheep in US
| Population has _______
56M
| Decreased
63
East of the Mississippi River, there are _____ ______ systems for breeding sheep
Farm flock systems
64
US broiler inventory
1. _____
Population concentrated in __________ of US
8.6 B
Georgia
Southeast
65
Broiler inventory is ________ ________. (All owned by one company)
Vertically integrated
66
Location of broilers in US is referred to as ______ ____ and includes Georgia, North Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, and Arkansas
Broiler Belt
67
Where majority of hogs are located is referred to as the _____ ____ and is located _____ _____ US
Corn Belt
| Northern middle
68
________ _______ is located in North Carolina which is why it is number 2 in hogs and pigs inventory
Smithfield Foods
69
2008 US horse inventory
| 1.________
9.2M
| Texas
70
States with top horse inventory have a large amount of ______ _______
Lots of horses make ______ to _____ trip for racing
Horse racing
| Okala to Lexington
71
Used west of Mississippi River for breeding of ewe
Range flock system
72
Used east of Mississippi River for meat breeding of ewe
Farm flock system
73
Bos Taurus
| -British (3)
Angus
Hereford
Shorthorn
74
Exotic/continental Bos Taurus (5)
```
Simmental
Charolais
Limousin
Gelbvieh
Maine Anjou
```
75
Zebu Bos Indicus breeds (4)
Brahman
Nellore
Gir
Indu-Brazil
76
American Bos Indicus breeds (4)
Beefmaster
Brangus
Braford
Simbrah
77
```
American breeds composition:
Brangus
Braford
Beefmaster
Simbrah
```
3/8 Brahman 5/8 angus
3/8 Brahman 5/8 Hereford
1/2 Brahman 1/4 Hereford 1/4 shorthorn
3/8 Brahman 5/8 Simmental
78
Simangus
Limflex
Balancer
Angus and Simmental
Limousin and angus
Angus and gelbvieh
79
What breeds handle heat better?
Bos Indicus
