Ch. 1-4 Flashcards
(202 cards)
1
Q
hypo-
A
below normal/deficient
2
Q
peri-
A
around/surrounding
3
Q
ante-
A
before
4
Q
caud/o
A
posterior
5
Q
sub-
A
below/under
6
Q
-oma
A
tumor/mass
7
Q
-logist
A
specialist/one who studies
8
Q
-gen
A
substance that produces
9
Q
hyper-
A
above normal/excessive
10
Q
-ostomy
A
surgical incision/opening
11
Q
-algia
A
pain
12
Q
-plasty
A
surgical repair
13
Q
-ic
A
pertaining to
14
Q
tachy-
A
fast
15
Q
viscero/o
A
internal organ
16
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
17
Q
anti-
A
against
18
Q
epi-
A
on/over/upon
19
Q
-ectomy
A
surgical removal/excision
20
Q
-tomy, -otomy
A
process of cutting
21
Q
-centesis
A
surgical puncture to remove fluid
22
Q
brady-
A
slow
23
Q
-pathy
A
disease
24
Q
abd
A
abdomen/abdominal
25
ER
emergency room
26
hs
half strength/bedtime
27
y/o
year(s) old
28
pt
patient
29
VS
vital signs
30
CBC
complete blood count
31
EKG/ECG
electrocardiogram
32
NPO
nothing by mouth
33
wt
weight
34
OR
operating room
35
WNL
within normal limits
36
c/o
complains of
37
ht
height
38
NKA
no known allergies
39
@
at
40
SOB
shortness of breath
41
STAT
immediately
42
transverse plane
cuts body into superior and inferior halves
43
coronal/frontal plane
cuts body into anterior and posterior halves
44
sagittal plane
cuts body into left and right unequal parts
45
midsagittal plane
cuts body into EQUAL left and right halves
46
anterior/ventral
front
47
posterior/dorsal
back
48
superior/cephalic
toward the head
49
inferior/caudal
toward the feet
50
distal
farther from the point of origin
51
proximal
closer to the point of origin
52
lateral
away from the midline of the body
53
midline
middle of the body
54
medial
closer to the midline of the body
55
universal position
standing, palms and toes forward AKA supine
56
Fowlers Position
prevents bedsores, head of bed elevated
57
Lateral Position
laying on left or right side, primarily to prevent aspiration or during labor to prevent pressure of inferior vena cava
58
Prone Position
prevents bedsores, lying flat with the face down, primarily during a massage
59
Supine Position
lying flat with face up, primarily for CT and MRIs
60
Sim's Position
laying on left or right side, with one straight and the other flexed, primarily for rectal exams
61
Knee Chest Position
facedown, knees bent while resting on knees and chest, primarily for pelvic exams
62
Palpation
light/firm pressure on skin with hands to look for abnormalities
63
Acute Illness
rapid onset, short duration, curable illness
64
Chronic Illness
slowly onset, ebbs and flows, uncurable or long-term treatment illness
65
Metastasis
malignant tumor spreading through the body by destroying tissue
66
Congenital Disease
developmental disease present/developed in the womb, ex: cleft palate/lip
67
Convalescence
period of time where pt. is gradually recovering
68
Genetic Disease
gene abnormality/disease passed down from parents, ex: Down's Syndrome or Cystic Fibrosis
69
Iatrogenic
condition/disease that is knowingly caused by the doctor
70
Idiopathic Disease
disease of unknown cause
71
-itis
inflammatory, disease/condition causing inflammation
72
Local Inflammation
inflammation caused by trauma
73
Global Inflammation
inflammation caused by infection
74
Ischemic
severely decreased/absence of blood flow to a certain area of the body
75
Neoplastic
new, abnormal growth; benign or malignant
76
Nosocomial
infection acquired in the hospital that was not present upon admission, ex: MRSA or pneumonia AKA Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI)
77
Opportunistic
pathogen that doesn't normally cause an infection but does because of a compromised immune system
78
Terminal Condition
disease without a cure, priority shifts to comfort care
79
Signs
objective; doctors can see this
80
Symptoms
subjective; patients feel this
81
Immuno-compromised People
people who are very old, very young, and diabetics
82
Autoimmune Disease
disease caused by the pts. immune system attacking an organ/body part
83
derm/o-
skin
84
-esthesia
feeling/sensation
85
lip/o
fat
86
-opsy
view of/viewing
87
blephar/o
eyelid
88
xer/o
dry
89
pil/o
hair/hair follicle
90
psor/o
itching
91
cyan/o
blue
92
cauter/o
heat/burn
93
-osis
process/abnormal condition
94
-plasty
surgical repair
95
necr/o
death
96
cry/o
cold
97
onchy/o
nail
98
jaund/o
yellow
99
melan/o
black
100
carcin/o
cancer
101
-derma/-dermis
skin
102
albin/o
white
103
prurit/o
itching
104
erythem/o
redness
105
ecchym/o
blood in tissue
106
a-/an-
not/without
107
Papule
solid elevation with distinct borders and ~1 cm in diameter AKA a pimple
108
Macule
small, flat, discolored (brown/red) AKA a freckle
109
Tinea
skin infection caused by fungus AKA ringworm or Athlete's foot
110
Pustule
small, infected skin elevation containing puss AKA abscess/whitehead
111
Verruca
viral infection of the skin from the papilloma virus AKA wart
112
Wheals/Urticaria
smooth, slightly swollen area that's redder or
paler than surrounding skin AKA hives
113
Sudoriferous gland
sweat gland
114
Sebaceous gland
oil gland
115
fibro-
fiber
116
cost/o
rib
117
myel/o
bone marrow/spinal cord
118
orth/o
straight
119
carp/o
wrist
120
-scopy
visual examination by scope
121
dys-
painful/difficult
122
kines/o
movement
123
-gram
record/image
124
arthr/o
joint
125
syn-
together/with
126
fx
fracture
127
BP
blood pressure
128
LS
lumbosacral
129
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
130
OTC
over-the-counter
131
PFT
pulmonary function test
132
lei/o
smooth
133
my/o
muscle
134
chondr/o
cartilage
135
crani/o
skull
136
narc/o
numbness/sleep/stupor
137
-trophy
condition growth/development
138
tax/o
coordination/order
139
flex/o
to bend
140
spondyl/o
vertebra/backbone
141
pyret/o
fever
142
ped/o
child
143
pod/o
foot
144
ORIF
open reduction and internal fixation
145
NSAIDs
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; not very strong, over-the-counter, ex: Tylenol, Advil
146
PO
by mouth
147
DTR
deep tendon reflex
148
RICE
rest, ice, compress, elevate
149
hemi-
half
150
oste/o
bone
151
-spasm
muscle contraction
152
acr/o
extremities
153
brachi/o
arm
154
-penia
deficiency
155
sarc/o
flesh/connective tissue
156
neur/o
nerve
157
-asthenia, -paresis
weakness
158
-plegia
paralysis
159
-desis
to bind/tie together
160
intra-
within
161
inter-
between
162
amb
ambulate/walk
163
CFT
certified fitness trainer
164
prn
as needed
165
PT
physical therapist
166
ROM
range of motion
167
First Degree Burn
burn that affects only the epidermis
168
Second Degree Burn
burn that affects the epidermis and dermis, causing hyperesthesia, erythema, blisters
169
Third Degree Burn
burn that affects all layers of the skin, causing anesthesia/hyperesthesia and black, charred tissue
170
Burn Treatment
removing damaged tissue and foreign debris to promote healing and replacing burnt tissue AKA Skin graft and debridement
171
Eczema
autoimmune, skin lesions characterized by erythema, itchiness, and dermatitis
172
Psoriasis
autoimmune, eczema on steroids, characterized by red, scaly, dry, itchy patches on skin
173
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
an autoimmune condition of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs, can potentially be fatal
174
Impetigo
bacterial infection that manifests as yellow crusts around the mouth, specifically in children
175
Scabies
parasitic mite that feeds on skin
176
Basal Cell Carcinoma
skin cancer that grows slowly, rarely metastasizes, least malignant
177
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
skin cancer of stratified squamous cells in the skin, middle-of-the-road cancer
178
Malignant Melanoma
skin cancer that metastasizes aggressively, originating in the melanocytes
179
Factors to Self-Diagnose Skin Cancer
Asymmetry, Borders, Color, Diameter, Evolution
180
Needle Biopsy
diagnostic procedure where a hollow needle is placed inside the lesion to remove a core sample used to look for cancerous cells
181
Mohs Surgery
surgical procedure that removes cancer by taking it off layer by layer
182
Osteoarthritis (OA)
condition caused by cartilage degeneration, inflamed synovial fluid, or injury to a joint; progresses unilaterally and requires only an x-ray to diagnose
183
Proprioception
brain telling muscles what to do in order to avoid reinjury, brain-body connection, specifically in regard to spacial awareness and movement
184
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
autoimmune condition where the pts. own immune system causes inflammation in the joint; progresses bilaterally
185
Steroids
medication that is much stronger than NSAIDs administered by shots, can be harmful if taken for an extended period of time, cannot be prescribed for RA
186
Biologic
medication that cripples immune system, made from living organisms/their components to interfere in the process of inflammation
187
Kyphosis
accentuated thoracic curve caused by osteoporosis
188
Osteoporosis
chronic loss of bone density (calcium) in older pts. only
189
Lordosis
exaggerated lumbar spine, especially prevalent in pregnant women
190
Scoliosis
exaggerated/lateral curve of the thoracic and lumbar spine
191
Harrington Rods Surgery
surgical procedure to treat scoliosis
192
Computerized Tomography (CT)
imaging machine that utilizes a high-powered x-ray machine (HIGH RADIATION)
193
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
imaging machine that provides extremely detailed imaging of internal structures
194
Bone Scan
imaging machine that uses a radioactive tracer into pts. IV before a full body scan is taken in search of high metabolic areas, or areas of metastasis AKA Nuclear Medicine Imaging (NMI)
195
Adhesion
scar tissue that develops in a muscle post-injury, abnormally binds to muscle/muscle fiber together
195
Osteomyelitis
an infection eating away at bone, inflammation cause directly by a bug/infection/staph
196
Quadriplegia
paralysis from the neck down
196
Atrophy
wasting away/disintegration of muscle either due to non-use or pathology
197
Paraplegia
paralysis from the waist down
198
Impingement
inflammation in the rotator cuff
199
Rotator Cuff
four muscles supporting the shoulder
200
Plantar Fascitis
pain in the sole of the foot due to falling
