Gastro, Neuro, Special Senses Flashcards
(153 cards)
1
Q
mastication
A
process of breaking down food into smaller particles AKA chewing
2
Q
peristalsis
A
involuntary contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles
3
Q
defecation
A
discharge of feces from body
4
Q
deglutination
A
movement of substances from the mouth to the stomach via the pharynx and esophagus
5
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
6
Q
odon/o
A
tooth
7
Q
-ology
A
study of
8
Q
chol/e
A
gall/bile
9
Q
cirrh/o
A
orange/yellow
10
Q
-orexia
A
appetite
11
Q
-ase
A
enzyme
12
Q
abd
A
abdomen/adominal
13
Q
GERD
A
gastroesophageal reflux disease
14
Q
po
A
by mouth
15
Q
enter/o
A
small intestine
16
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
17
Q
-emesis
A
vomiting
18
Q
-rrhea
A
flow/excessive discharge
19
Q
lapar/o
A
abdominal wall/abdomen
20
Q
-chezia
A
defecation/eliminaton of waste
21
Q
-phagia
A
eating/swallowing
22
Q
ac
A
before meals
23
Q
IBS
A
irritable bowel syndrome
24
Q
SOB
A
shortness of breath
25
colon/o, col/o
colon/large intestine
26
-ologist
one who studies
27
labi/o
lip
28
-megaly
enlargement
29
endo-
in/within
30
-pepsia
digestion
31
pc
after meals
32
NG
nasogastric
33
opthalm/o
eye
34
OU
each ear
35
OD
right eye
36
AD/AS/AU
right/left/each ear
37
kerat/o
cornea
38
ot/o
ear
39
epi-
on/over/upon
40
-paresis
weakness
41
para-
near/beside/alongside/beyond/abnormal
42
ANS
autonomic nervous system
43
phas/o
speech
44
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
45
q.i.d.
four times a day
46
audi/o
hearing
47
exo-
outward
48
dacry/o
tear
49
-esthesia
feeling/sensation
50
phren/o, psych/o
mind
51
-algesia
pain/sensitivity
52
-tropic
turning
53
HA
headache
54
ICP
intracranial pressure
55
cerumen/o
cerumen
56
blephar/o
eyelid
57
OS
left eye
58
O.D.
doctor of optometry
59
PERRLA
Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light, and Accomodation
60
myring/o
tympanic membrane/eardrum
61
lacrim/o
tears
62
hemi-
half
63
-otia
ear condition
64
con-
together/with
65
cephal/o
head
66
RN
registered nurse
67
b.i.d.
two times a day
68
eso-
inward
69
-lepsy
seizure
70
encephal/o
brain
71
-cele
hernia/swelling/protrusion
72
CBT
cognitive behavioral therapy
73
LP
lumbar puncture
74
H&P
history and physical
75
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
76
CNS
central nervous system
77
PNS
peripheral nervous system
78
-ptosis
droop/sag/prolapse/protrude
79
ocul/o
eye
80
olfact/o
smell
81
poli/o
gray matter
82
schiz/o
split
83
ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
84
contus/o
to bruise
85
somat/o
body
86
t.i.d.
three times a day
87
gtt
drops
88
-cusis
hearing
89
-opia
vision condition
90
hypn/o
sleep
91
-plegia
paresis (muscle weakness)
92
syncop/o
to cut off/cut short/faint
93
-rrhapy
suture
94
EDH
epidural hematoma
95
r/o
rule out
96
PET
positron emission tomography
97
macula
fovea centralis
98
Anorexia Nervosa
under-eating/no appetite
99
Appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix, presents troughr RLQ pain, can potentially cause sepsis due to appendix rupture
100
Appendectomy
laparoscopic procedure to remove the appendix, minimally invasive, outpatient, and fast recovery time
101
Celiac Disease
gluten allergy caused by an autoimmune condition, starting as an inflammatory response
102
Cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder, presents as RUQ, usually due to a gallstone
103
Cholelithiasis
presence of gallstones
104
Cholecystectomy
laparoscopic procedure to remove the gallbladder, minimally invasive, outpatient, and fast recovery time
105
Cirrhosis
scarring on the liver caused by either by hepatitis or alcoholism
106
Hepatitis A (HAV)
contracted through contaminated food/water, more so in developing countries
107
Hepatitis B/C (HBV/HCA)
contracted through bodily fluids, tx vaccinations
108
Excessive Alcohol Intake
akin to emphysema scar tissue due to long-term exposure to inhaling toxic substances
109
Jaundice
caused by cirrhosis, liver is unable to filter blood and certain substances building up in the blood
110
Colon Cancer
'up-and-coming' cancer, can only be caught by doing a colonoscopy
111
Crohn's Disease
inexplicable inflammation anywhere in the digestive tract, debilitating pain, renders small/large intestine to not function correctly
112
Colonectomy
removal of the diseased/inflamed section of the colon and creation of a stoma, repair for Crohn's or colon cancer
113
Dental Caries
cavity
114
Gastroenteritis/Enteritis
inflammation of small intestine and the lining of the stomach ie a tummy ache
115
Esophageal Varices
veins that supply the esophagus dilate and can rupture d/t cirrhosis, caused by HBV, HCA, or alcohol; if a large vein ruptures, your stomach fills and you can puke it up & is a small vein ruptures, you produce bloody stool
116
Ascites
excessive fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity, not like beer belly, hard and carries in the front only
117
Barium Swallow
imaging test where pt. ingests barium as a contrast agent to examine the GI tract
118
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
pyrosis, or the backward flow of stomach acids into the esophagus, AKA heartburn; tx. includes Acid Blockers (Pepcid) or Acid Buffers (TUMs)
119
Hiatal Hernia
stomach ruptures through the diaphragm, can cause heartburn as well
120
Inguinal Hernia
pelvic organs rupture through the groin area into another area
121
Ileus
intestinal blockage, CAN LEAD TO AN EMERGENCY SITUATION
122
Intestinal Adhesions
scar tissue development in the bowels, causing an obstruction
123
Intussuction
intestine spontaneously folds in on itself
124
Volvulus
intestine twists itself
125
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
autoimmune condition that flips from diarrhea to constipation and back
126
Peptic Ulcer
ulcer in the stomach, a hole caused by a bacterial infection or overuse of NSAIDs, can cause sepsis
127
Periodontal Disease
gum disease, where gums recede and teeth are pulled b/c nothing is holding onto them
k, AKA end-stage gingivitis
128
Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
idiopathic atrophy of neruons in the brain
129
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
degeneration of skeletal motor neruons, AKA Lou-Gehrig's Disease *Stephen Hawking*
130
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
loss of blood supply in the brain, AKA a stroke
131
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
related to a CVA the way an Angina relates to an MI
132
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
contusion from the brain ricocheting off the frontal bone, usually also affecting the occipital lobe, AKA a concussion
133
Dementia
precursor to AD which may or may not progress to that point
134
Epidural Hematoma
bleeding d/t trauma between the dura mater and skull, causes increasing intracranial pressure
135
Epilepsy
disease that causes seizures d/t brain arrhythmia, unrelated seizures can also be caused by high fever or a toxic environment
136
Headache/Migraine
NOT caused by pain in the brain, as it has no pain receptors
137
Poliomyelitis
viral infection of the CNS, causes paralysis, vaccine available
138
Post-polio Syndrome
showing later in life polio symptoms, although far less severe
139
Shingles
comes from the chickenpox vaccine, reawakening of chicken pox herpes virus in older people typically along the ribs
140
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
autoimmune disease where myelin is broken down *Selma Blair*
141
Guillan-Barre
autoimmune post-bacterial or viral infection that attacks the neuron *Travis Frederick*
142
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
congenital abnormal brain development, movement disorder that affects a person's ability to control their muscles/balance/posture
143
Parkinson's
CNS problem with neurotransmitter dopamine causing idiopathic tremors
144
Glaucoma
intraocular pressure increased, major risk is the damage to the retina/optic nerve, tx is eyedrops and can only be diagnosed by an ophthalmoscope
145
Macular Degeneration
idiopathic age-related atrophy of the macula, incurable
146
Retinal detachment
spontaneous retina detachment from the choroid layer, EMERGENCY SITUATION
147
Myopia
nearsightedness, light refraction problem
148
Hyperopia
farsightedness
149
LASIK surgery
treats both near and farsightedness
150
Meniere's/vertigo
dizziness
151
Conductive deafness
overuse/old-age hearing loss
152
Neural deafness
born with this, usually treated through cochlear implants
153
Tinnitis
ringing, buzzing, whistling in the ear, idiopathic and no tx
