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Multiple Choice Questions > ch 1-5 > Flashcards

ch 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

glands are derived from

A

epithelial tissue

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2
Q

cells joined tightly together are characteristic of

A

epithelial tissue

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3
Q

cells are separated by large extracellular spaces in

A

connective tissue

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4
Q

blood vessels and nerves are usually located within

A

connective tissue

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5
Q

most organs are composed of

A

epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
ALL OF THESE

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6
Q

sweat is secreted by exocrine glands. this means that

A

it is secreted into a duct

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7
Q

which of these statements about homeostasis is TRUE

A

negative feedback mechanisms act to correct deviations from a normal range within the internal environment

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8
Q

in a negative feedback loop, the effector organ produces changes that are

A

opposite in direction to the change produced by the initial stimulus

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9
Q

a hormone called parathyroid hormone acts to help raise the blood calcium concentrations. according o the principals of negative feedback, an effective stimulus for the parathyroid hormone secretion would be

A

fall in blood calcium

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10
Q

which of these consists of dense parallel arrangements of collagen fibers

A

tendons

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11
Q

the act of breathing raises the blood oxygen level, lowers the blood carbon dioxide level, and raises blood pH. according to the principals of negative feedback, sensors that regulate breathing should respond to

A

a raise in carbon dioxide concentration

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12
Q

adult stem cells such as those in the bone marrow, brain, or hair follicles can best be describes as _____, whereas embryonic stem cells are described as _____

A

multipotent, pluripotent

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13
Q

which of these statements about atoms are TRUE

A

they are electrically neutral

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14
Q

the bond between oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule is

A

a polar covalent bond

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15
Q

which of these is a nonpolar covalent bond

A

bond between two carbons

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16
Q

solution A has a pH of 2, and solution B has a pH of 10. which of these statements about these solutions is TRUE

A

Solution A has a higher H+ concentration than B
Solution B is basic
Solution A is acidic
ALL OF THESE

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17
Q

glucose is

A

a monosaccharide

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18
Q

digestion reactions occur by means of

A

hydrolysis

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19
Q

carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of

A

glycogen

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20
Q

lecithin is a

A

phospholipid

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21
Q

which of these lipids have regulatory roles in the body

A

steroids

prostaglandins

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22
Q

the tertiary structure of a protein is directly determined by

A

the primary structure of the protein

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23
Q

the type of bond formed between two molecules of water is a

A

hydrogen bond

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24
Q

the carbon to nitrogen bond that joins amino acids together is called

A

a peptide bond

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25
Q

The RNA nucleotide base that pairs with adenine in DNA is

A

uracil

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26
Q

if four bases in one DNA strand are AGCT the complementary bases in the RNA strand made from this region are

A

UCGA

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27
Q

according to the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membranse

A

proteins are free to move within the double layer of the phospholipids

28
Q

after the DNA molecule has replicated itself, the duplicate strands are called

A

chromatids

29
Q

nerve and skeletal muscle cells in the adult, which do not divide, remain in the

A

G1 phase

30
Q

the phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell is called

A

metaphase

31
Q

the phase of mitosis in which the chromatids separate is called

A

anaphase

32
Q

chemical modifications of histone proteins are believed to directly influence

A

genetic translation

33
Q

which of these statements about RNA is true

A

it is made in the nucleus

34
Q

which of these statements about mRNA is false

A

its base triplets are called anticodons

35
Q

the organelle that combines proteins with carbohydrates and packages them within vesicles for secretion is the

A

golgi complex

36
Q

the organelle that contains digestive enzymes is

A

the lysozome

37
Q

which of these descriptions of rRNA is true

A 
it is single stranded
it catalyzes steps in protein synthesis
it forms part of the structure a ribosome
it is produced in the nucleolus
ALL OF THESE
38
Q

which of these statements about tRNA is true

A 
it is made in the nucleus
it is looped back on itself
it contains the anticodon
there are over 20 different types
ALL OF THESE
39
Q

the step in protein synthesis during which tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA are all active is known as

A

translation

40
Q

the anticodons are located in

A

tRNA

41
Q

alternative splicing of exons results in

A

the production of different mRNA molecules from a common precursor RNA molecule

42
Q

the molecule that tags regulatory proteins for destruction by the proteasome is

A

ubiquitin

43
Q

which of these statements about enzymes is true

A

most enzymes are proteins

44
Q

which of these statements about enzyme-catalyzed reactions is true

A

under given conditions of substrate concentration, pH, and temperature, the rate of product formation varies directly with the enzyme concentration up to a maximum, at which point the rate cannot be further increased

45
Q

which of these statements about lactate dehydrogenase is true

A

it is a protein
it oxidizes lactic acid
it reduces another molecule( pyruvic acid)
ALL OF THESE

46
Q

in a metabolic pathway

A

the product of one enzyme becomes the substrate of another

47
Q

in an inborn error of metabolism

A

a genetic change results in the production of a defective enzyme
intermediates produced prior to the defective step accumulate
alternate pathways are taken by intermediates at branch points that precede the defective step
ALL OF THESE

48
Q

which of these represents an endergonic reaction

A

ADP + Pi —> ATP

CO2 + H2O —> glucose

49
Q

which of these statements about ATP is true

A

the bond joining ADP and he third phosphate is a high energy bond
the formation of ATP is coupled to energy liberating reaction
the conversion of ATP to ADP and Pi provides energy for biosynthesis, cell movement, and other cellular processes
ATP is the “universal energy carrier” of cells
ALL OF THESE ARE TRUE

50
Q

when oxygen is combined with 2 hydrogens to make water

A

oxygen is reduced

the molecule that donated the hydrogens becomes oxidized

51
Q

enzymes increase the rate of chemical reaction by

A

decreasing the activation energy of the reactants

52
Q

according to the law of mass action, which of these condition will drive the reaction A + B C to the right

A

an increase in the concentration of A and B

a decrease in the concentration of C

53
Q

the net gain of ATP per glucose molecule in lactic acid fermentation is ________; the net gain in anaerobic respiration is generally _____

A

2;30

54
Q

in anaerobic metabolism, the oxidizing agent for NADH is

A

pyruvic acid

55
Q

when skeletal muscles lack sufficient oxygen, there is an increase blood concentration of

A

lactic acid

56
Q

the conversion of lactic acid to pyruvic acid occurs

A

in the heart, where lactic acid is aerobically respired

in the liver, where lactic acid can be converted to glucose

57
Q

which of these statements about the oxygen in the air we breath is true

A

it functions as the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain
it combines with hydrogen to form water

58
Q

in terms of the number of ATP molecules directly produced, the major energy yielding process in the cell is

A

oxidative phosphorylation

59
Q

ketone bodies are derived from

A

fatty acids

60
Q

the conversion of glycogen to glucose 6-phosphate occurs in

A

the liver

skeletal muscles

61
Q

the conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to free glucose, which can be secreted into the blood, occurs in

A

the liver

62
Q

the formation of glucose from pyruvic acid derived from lactic acid, amino acids, or glycerol is called

A

gluconeogenesis

63
Q

which of these organs has an almost absolute requirment for blood glucose as its energy source

A

brain

64
Q

when amino acids are used as an energy source,

A

oxidative deamination occurs
pyruvic acid or one of the Krebs cycle acids is formed
urea is produced
ALL OF THESE

65
Q

intermediates formed during fatty acid metabolism can enter the krebs cycle as

A

acetyl CoA

Multiple Choice Questions (2 decks)

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