Ch 1-5 Review

Question 0

Refers to the covering on a organ

Answer 0

Visceral

Question 1

Refers to walls of a cavity

Answer 1

Partietal

Question 2

Allows the body cells to do work and function.

Also is Chemical fuel

Answer 2

Adenosine triphosphate

ATP

Question 3

Comes from the decomposition of proteins via the digestive process and the conversation of amino acids in cellular respiration to ATP molecules.

Answer 3

Ammonia

Question 4

A substance that acts as a reservoir for hydrogen ions, donating them to a solution when their concentration falls, and taking the hydrogen ions from a solution when their concentration rises

Answer 4

Buffers

Question 5

Increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being affected by the reaction.

Answer 5

Catalysts

Question 6

When two atoms of two or more different elements combine in this way

Answer 6

Compound

Question 7

A second type of bond found in many molecules.

Answer 7

Covalent bond

Question 8

Genetic material of cells located in the nucleus of the cell

Answer 8

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DNA

Question 9

Orbit the nucleus at some distance from its center

Answer 9

Electrons

Question 10

Different kinds of atoms of the same element

Answer 10

Isotopes

Question 11

Part of the central nucleus that makes up an atom; carries no charge

Answer 11

Neutrons

Question 12

Part of the central nucleus that makes up an atom; has positive charge

Answer 12

Protons

Question 13

Formed when one atom gains electrons while the other atom loses electrons from its outmost level or orbit

Answer 13

Ionic bond

Question 14

Is the most abundant substance in living cells, appx 60% to 80%; plasma, which is the liquid portion of blood, 92% water

Answer 14

Water

Question 15

Contains one carbon atom covalently bonded to two oxygen atoms

Answer 15

Carbon dioxide

Question 16

About 21% of gas in the atmosphere is

Answer 16

Oxygen

Question 17

Formed by bonding together a number of glucose molecules

Answer 17

Glycogen

Question 18

Protein catalyst, which increase the rate of a chemical reaction w/o being affected by the reaction

Answer 18

Enzymes

Question 19

Movement of molecule through a medium from an area of high concentration of those molecules to an area of low concentration of those molecule

Answer 19

Diffusion

Question 20

Effect on diffusion

Answer 20

Temperature

Question 21

A special kind of diffusion

Answer 21

Osmosis

Question 22

Solution in which water molecules diffuse into and out of a cell membrane at equal rates, as in normal saline solution

Answer 22

Isotonic solution

Question 23

Solution in which water molecules will move into a cell and the cell will swell, as in pure distiller water

Answer 23

Hypotonic solution

Question 24

Solution in which water molecules will move out of a cell will shrink, as in a 5% salt solution

Answer 24

Hypertonic solution

Question 25

The first step in cellular respiration in which a glucose molecule gets broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid; does not require oxygen; occurs in the cytoplasm

Answer 25

Glycolysis

Question 26

The first step in glycolysis is

Answer 26

The addition of a phosphate to the glucose

Question 27

This process the genetic material in the nucleus is duplicated during interphase of the cell cycle following by the process

Answer 27

Mitosis

Question 28

Special kind of cellular reduction division; occurs only in the gonads, allows this to occur

Answer 28

Meiosis

Question 29

Formation of the gametes

Answer 29

Gametogenesis

Question 30

Production of sperm; | The process occurring in the seminiferous tubules of testes

Answer 30

Spermatogenesis

Question 31

The formation of the female egg(female sex cells)

Answer 31

Oogenesis

Question 32

A mistake in the copying of genetic material

Answer 32

Mutation

Question 33

(Pl word form of metastasize) | When a tumor spears to a different part of the body

Answer 33

Metastases

Question 34

Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of a cell

Answer 34

Tumor

Question 35

Defective cancerous cells spread to other parts of the body

Answer 35

Metastasize

Question 36

Tumor developing from epithelial tissue

Answer 36

Carcinomas

Question 37

Cancer-causing agents

Answer 37

Carcinogens

Question 38

Loose connective tissue full of fat cells

Answer 38

Adipose

Question 39

Are long, thin extensions of the cell body that transmit the impulse toward the axon endings

Answer 39

Axon

Question 40

Unique connective tissue in that it is composed of a fluid portion

Answer 40

Blood

Question 41

Very firm specialized connective tissue

Answer 41

Bone

Question 42

Epithelial cells that are tall and rectangular; found lining the ducts of certain glands and in mucous-secreting tissues

Answer 42

Columnar epithelium

Question 43

A type of tissue that supports or binds

Answer 43

Connective tissue

Question 44

Epithelial cells that look like small cubes; function is secretion, protection and absorption

Answer 44

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 45

Receptive area of the neuron; extension of the nerve cell body

Answer 45

Dendrites

Question 46

Has a predominance of elastin fibers embedded in the matrix. | Forms the external ear, ear canals and epiglottis

Answer 46

Elastic cartilage

Question 47

Innermost layer of the heart wall, including epithelial cells that line the heart

Answer 47

Endocardium

Question 48

The second type of multicellular glands in the body. They are ductless and secrete hormones; ex. Thyroid and pituitary glands

Answer 48

Endocrine glands

Question 49

Type of tissue that protects, absorbs or secretes

Answer 49

Epithelial tissue

Question 50

Red blood cells

Answer 50

Erythrocytes

Question 51

Protects teeth from wear and acids, found on the crown of a tooth

Answer 51

Enamel

Question 52

Excretory ducts that lead the secreted material from the gland to the surface of the lumen (passageway) on the skin

Answer 52

Exocrine glands

Question 53

The layer ofconnective(areolar) tissue covering a whole muscle trunk

Answer 53

Fascia

Question 54

Anticoagulant manufactured by the liver and mast cells

Answer 54

Heparin

Question 55

An inflammatory substance produced in response to allergies

Answer 55

Histamine

Question 56

The Study of tissue

Answer 56

Histology

Question 57

White blood cells

Answer 57

Leukocytes

Question 58

Connective tissue that attach bone to bone

Answer 58

Ligaments

Question 59

Lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts; lines all body cavities that open to the outside

Answer 59

Mucous membrane/epithelium

Question 60

Nerve cells that perform support and protection

Answer 60

Neuroglia

Question 61

A fatty sheath surrounding some axons

Answer 61

Myelin

Question 62

The basi unit of organization of nervous tissue is the nerve cell or...

Answer 62

Neuron

Question 63

Mature bone cells. | Found in cavities or lacunae in cartilage.

Answer 63

Osteocytes

Question 64

The serious membrane that covers the heart

Answer 64

Pericardium

Question 65

The serious membrane or mesothelial tissue that lines the thoracic cavity

Answer 65

Pleura

Question 66

Made of Spindle-shaped cells with a single nucleus and no striations

Answer 66

Smooth muscle

Question 67

Groups of cells similar in size, shape, and function

Answer 67

Tissue

Question 68

Consist of several layers of closely packed, flexible, and easily stretched cells

Answer 68

Transitional epithelium