Ch. 1

Question 1

Affluenza

Answer 1

Unsustainable addiction to overconsumption and materialism exhibited in lifestyles of many affluent consumers in the U.S.,
developed countries, and rising middle class of developing countries.

Question 2

Agricultural Revolution

Answer 2

Began 10-12 TYA, allowed people to settle in villages and raise crops and domesticated animals

Question 3

Biodiversity

Answer 3

Variety of life forms and the places where they live

Question 4

Common-property

Answer 4

Not owned by individuals, available free of charge, like clean air, open ocean and fish, migratory bords, gases

Question 5

Developed countries

Answer 5

Industrialized, high GDP, include U.S., Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and most European countried

Question 6

Developing countries

Answer 6

Most in Africa, Latin America, and Asia.

Question 7

Environment

Answer 7

All living and nonliving things that affect any living organism

Question 8

Environmental degradation

Answer 8

When we exceed a resources natural replacement rate.

Question 9

Env. Ethics

Answer 9

Concerned about what is right concerning the environment.

Question 10

Env. Pessimists

Answer 10

Make the environmental problem seem unfixable.

Question 11

Env. Science

Answer 11

Integrates information and ideas from natural sciences and the social sciences.

Question 12

Env. Wisdom worldview

Answer 12

We are dependent on nature and it exists for all species, not just us. Also wants sustainable economic growth

Question 13

Env. Worldview

Answer 13

set of assumptions and values about how you think the world works and what you think your role in the world should be.

Question 14

Environmentalism

Answer 14

Social movement for protecting the earth’s life support systems for us and other species.

Question 15

Env. Sustainable economic development

Answer 15

Encourage environmentally beneficial and sustainable forms of economic development and discourage environmentally harmful and unsustainable forms of economic growth.

Question 16

Env. Sustainable society

Answer 16

One that meets the current and future needs of its people for basic resources in a just and equitable manner without

Question 17

exponential growth

Answer 17

Increase at fixed percentage.

Question 18

Env. Frontier worldview

Answer 18

Views continent as having vast resources and with a wilderness to be conquered and managed for human use.

Question 19

Gross domestic product

Answer 19

Annual market value of all goods and services produced by all organisations within a country.

Question 20

Industrial-medical revolutin

Answer 20

Began 275 YA, shift from animal-powered agriculture to urban society using fossil fuels.

Question 21

Information-globalisation revolution

Answer 21

Began 50 YA, based on new technologies for rapid access to info

Question 22

Input pollution control / pollution prevention

Answer 22

reduces or eliminates the production of pollutants

Question 23

Law of progressive simplification

Answer 23

Toynbee taught that societies become better based on culture, capacity for compassion, sense of community, and strength of democracy.

Question 24

Natural capital

Answer 24

Resources and services that keep organism alive and support economies.

Question 25

Stewardship worldview

Answer 25

Manage for our benefit, but do so in a responsible way.

Question 26

Early conservation era

Answer 26

(1832 - 1870) focused on managing environment very little

Question 27

Technological optimists

Answer 27

Say not to worrt because innovation and economic growth will prevent ecological problems

Question 28

Tragedy of the commons

Answer 28

Made by Garrett Hardin that states that each person pollutes as much as they can economically need to, degrading the overall ecosystem.

Question 29

nonpoint sources

Answer 29

Larger, dispersed, and difficult to identify

Question 30

Output pollution control / pollution cleanup

Answer 30

Cleaning up pollutants after they have been produced.

Question 31

Perpetual resource

Answer 31

On a human time scale it is continuously renewed.

Question 32

Planetary management worldview

Answer 32

We are separate from nature, which exists to meet our needs, economic growth is unlimited, and technology can help us exploit the environment

Question 33

social capital

Answer 33

Getting people to work to build understanding, trust, and shared visions of what the world should be, and discouraging polarisation.

Question 34

4 principles of Sustainability

Answer 34

Reliance on solar energy biodiversity nutrient recycling and population control.