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RADT 3020 Rad. Procedures 1 > Ch. 1 - Body Planes, Thoracic Cavity, and Anatomical Positions > Flashcards

Ch. 1 - Body Planes, Thoracic Cavity, and Anatomical Positions Flashcards

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1
Q

Physiology?

A

The study of the function of the body organs

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2
Q

Osteology?

A

The study of bones

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3
Q

Describe anatomic position

A

Standing upright, arms at sides, palms forward, toes forward

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4
Q

What do body planes do?

A

They divide the body in reference to longitudinal axis

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5
Q

What are the four body planes?

A

Sagittal, coronal, horizontal (transverse), and oblique

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6
Q

Sagittal Planes

A

They divide the body into right and left halves

Runs anterior to posterior

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7
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

A special Sagittal plane that is also known as MSP

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8
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior

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9
Q

What is a special coronal plane?

A

Midcoronal plane (MCP)

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10
Q

What two planes divide the body into equal halves or portions?

A

Midsagittal Plane and the Midcoronal plane

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11
Q

Horizontal Plane

A

Passes through the body crosswise
Positioned at a right angle to MCP and MSP
Divides body into superior and inferior portions

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12
Q

Other names for horizontal plane

A

Transverse
Axial
Cross-sectional plane

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13
Q

Oblique plane

A

Passes through a body part at any angle

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14
Q

Name a very commonly used surface landmark

A

iliac crest

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15
Q

What do we use since we don’t have X-ray vision to find certain areas in the body?

A

External landmarks

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16
Q

What landmark can we feel for to find the level of T2 and T3?

A

Jugular Noch

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17
Q

The inferior angel of the scapula can help us find what level?

A

T7

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18
Q

What landmark can we feel for to find the level of T9 and T10?

A

Xiphoid process

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19
Q

What can the iliac crest help you determine the level of?

A

L4 & L5

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20
Q

Our anterior superior iliac spine can help us determine what level?

A

S1

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21
Q

Where is the anterior superior iliac spine?

A

The bump on the front side of your hip

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22
Q

What landmark can be used to help determine the level of C7?

A

Vertebral prominens (prominent spinal process)

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23
Q

EAM

A

External auditory meatus

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24
Q

Medial

A

An anatomic relationship term that means closer to the midline

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25
As for anatomical relationship: The ulna is ___________ to the radius
Medial
26
Lateral
An anatomical relationship that means more towards the sides
27
As for anatomical relationship terms: the radius is ________ to the ulna.
Lateral
28
Central
An anatomical relationship that means mid area or main part of an organ
29
Peripheral
At or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part
30
What two directional terms are only used when in reference to limbs?
Proximal and distal
31
Proximal
Nearer to the point of attachment
32
Distal
Further from the point of attachment
33
In reference to anatomical relationship terms: the ankle is _______ to the knee.
Distal
34
In reference to anatomical relationship terms: the femoral head is _______ to the femoral condyles.
Proximal
35
Palmar
Palm of the hand
36
Plantar
Sole of the foot
37
Dorsum
Anterior or top of the foot | Back of the hand
38
What two planes are perpendicular to each other?
The MCP and the MSP
39
Superficial
Near the skin or surface
40
Deep
Far from the skin
41
Parietal
Wall or lining of a body cavity
42
Visceral
Covering of an organ
43
Which is the outer most? | Visceral or Parietal
Parietal
44
Ipsilateral
Parts on the same side of the body
45
Contralateral
Parts on the opposite side of the body
46
What are the two great body cavities?
Thoracic and abdominal
47
What separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities?
The diaphragm
48
What does the thoracic cavity contain?
Heart and great vessel, Lungs, pleural membranes, trachea, esophagus, pericardium,
49
What does the abdominal (abdominopelvic) cavity contain?
Peritoneum, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, liver, ureters, kidneys, major blood vessel.
50
What is in just the pelvic portion of the abdominal cavity?
Part of the reproductive organs, rectum, and bladder
51
The abdomen is divided in two methods known as what?
Quadrants and regions
52
What are the four quadrants of the abdomen?
RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
53
Anatomy?
The study of the structure of the body
54
What are quadrants useful for?
To describe the location of various abdominal organs
55
What are the Regions of the abdomen?
There are 9 regions of the body: Right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium, right lateral, umbilical, left lateral, right inguinal, hypogastrium, left inguinal
56
Which is used more often: regions or quadrants?
Quadrants
57
Body habitus
The common variations of the shape of the human body
58
Why is body habitus important to radiography?
Because it determines the size, shape and position of organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavity
59
What organs are affected by body habitus?
All
60
What are the types of body habits?
Asthenic - smallest (emaciation) Hyposthenic - smaller than avg. Sthenic - average Hypersthenic - larger than average
61
Abduction
Movement away from the midline
62
Adduction
Movement toward the midline
63
Extension
Straightening of a joint
64
Flexion
Bending of a joint
65
Evert/ eversion
Outward turning of the foot at the ankle | Pinky toe comes up
66
Invert/ inversion
Inward turning of the foot at the ankle | Big toe comes up
67
Pronation
Rotation of the forearm so the palm is down | Rotates the forearm to where the end result is that the palm is facing down
68
Supination
Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is forward and up
69
Rotation / rotate
Turning of the body or part around its axis Can either be internal rotation or external rotation
70
Rotation of the limb towards the midline is...
Internal rotation
71
Rotating a limb away from the midline is...
External rotation
72
Circumduction
Circular movement of a limb
73
Tilt
Tipping or slanting a body part slightly
74
Deviation
Turning away from the regular or standard course | Example: ulnar deviation) (on power point slide 36

RADT 3020 Rad. Procedures 1 (6 decks)

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