Ch. 1: General Intro Flashcards by Osian Berg

Wu Shi Er Bing Fang

English name and date

Prescription for 52 Kinds of Disease

Written before 200 BC

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Huang Di Nei Jing

Name, Date, number of prescriptions?

Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic

770-221 BC

Includes 13 Prescriptions

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Shang Han Za Bing Lun

Name, Date, Author, Number of Formulas

Treatises of Cold Induced Disorders and Miscellaneous Disease

25-220 AD

Zhang Zhong Jing

113 Formulas

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Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang

Date, Number of Formulas

Imperial Grace Formulary of the Tai Pin Era

982-992 AD

100 volumes

16, 834 formulas

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What are the 8 primary treatment methods for herbal formulas?

Han Fa (Diaphoretic Method)
Tu Fa (Emetic Method)
Xia Fa (Purgative Method)
He Fa (Harmonizing Method)
Wen Fa (Warming Method)
Qing Fa (Clearing Method)
Bu Fa (Tonify Method)
Xiao Fa (Resolving Method)

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Describe the Han Fa method

A method to expel pathogenic factors from the body surface by promoting perspiration, releasing the exterior, regulating lung qi (dispersing and descending) and harmonizing Ying and Wei.

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What are the indications for the Han Fa Method?

Exterior syndrome
Measles with incomplete eruption or rashes due to external pathogens
Sudden onset of edema, especially upper body
Initial stage of skin infection

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What are the precautions for the Han Fa (Diaphoretic) Method?

Stop the herbs once exterior syndrome is released
Yin Xu patients: combine with yin tonic herbs
Yang Xu patients: combine with yang and qi tonic herbs
Deficiency patientL contraindicated with these strong diaphoretic herbs
Do not over cook (approx. 20 min)

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What is the Tu Fa Method?

Using emetics or physical stimulation to induce vomiting so that the retained phlegm, stagnated food or toxin in the stomach could be expelled.

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What are the indications for the Tu Fa (Emetic) method? Precautions?

Phlegm fluid retention
Food stagnation
Food poisoning

Use for excessive or acute cases only!

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What is the Xia Fa method?

Promoting bowel movement to remove stagnation of pathogenic factors.

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What are the indication for the Xia Fa (Purgative) method?

Heat stagnation
Blood stagnation
Food stagnation
Water retention
Parasites

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What are the precautions for the Xia Fa method?

Stop herbs when stagnation is removed
Do not use strong purging herbs for deficient or pregnant patients.

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What is the He Fa method?

Release the pathogenic factors which are located between the exterior and interior (Shao Yang Syndrome) or relive the disorder of zang fu organs or yin and yang by harmonizing and regulating.

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What are the indications for He Fa (Harmonizing) method?

Shao Yang Syndrome
Disharmony of liver and stomach (spleen)
Syndrome with both cold and heat
Syndrome with both interior and exterior
Syndrome with both excess and deficiency
Syndrome with both upper and lower

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What are the precautions for He Fa (harmonizing) method?

Do not use when pathogenic factors are only in the exterior or have already moved into the interior.

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What is the Wen Fa method?

Using warm and hot herbs to expel cold; relieve interior cold syndrome.

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What are the indications and precautions for Wen Fa (Warming) method?

Cold in Zang Fu organs
Cold fluid retention
Cold dampness accumulation
Yang deficiency
Cold in meridians

Precautions: Yin deficiency and excessive heat syndrome

What is the Qing Fa method?

Clearing heat, sedate fire, cool blood or clear empty heat; relieve syndromes caused by internal heat.

What are the indication for Qing Fa (Clearing) method? Precautions?

Internal heat syndrome (heat in qi, ying or blood level)
Internal fire
Heat and toxin
Empty heat
Damp heat

Precautions: Yang deficiency, spleen deficiency

What is the Bu Fa method?

Invigorating qi, blood, yin, yang and body fluids to build up the deficiency of the body.

What are the indications for the Bu Fa (Tonifying) method? Precautions?

Qi Xu
Blood Xu
Yin Xu
Yang Xu
Qi and Blood Xu combination
Yin and Yang Xu combination
All kinds of deficiency of internal organs

Precautions: EPI and excessive syndrome

What is the Xiao Fa method?

Resolve food stagnation, move qi, activate blood.

What are the indications for the Xiao Fa (Resolving) method? Precautions?

Qi stagnation
Food stagnation
Blood stagnation
Phlegm stagnation
Damp retention

Precautions: Qi and blood deficiency, spleen deficiency

What are the 6 combination effects?

Mutual (Xiang)... 1. Accentuation (Xu) 2. Antagonism (Wu) 3. Counteraction (Wei) 4. Enhancement (Shi) 5. Incompatibility (Fan) 6. Suppression (Sha)

What are the four main components of a prescription?

1. Jun (Chief or King) 2. Cheng (Deputy or Minister) 3. Zuo (Assistant) 4. Shi (Messenger)

What is the the King herb?

The ingredient that is directed against and has the greatest effect upon the principle pattern or disease. It is absolutely indispensable to the formula.

What is the Deputy herb (Cheng)?

1. Aids the chief herb in traeting the principle pattern or disease 2. Serves as the main herb directed against a coexisting pattern or disease

What are the possible rolse of the assistant (Zuo) herb?

1. Reinforces the effect of the chief or deputy herbs, or directly treats a less important aspect of the pattern or disease 2. Moderates or eliminates the toxicity of the chief or deputy herbs 3. Has an effect opposite to the chief herb

What are the possible roles of the Messenger (Shi) herb

1. Focuses the actions of the formula to a certain area of the body or certain channel 2. Harmonizes and integrates the actions of the other ingredients

What are the possible ways to modify a formula?

1. Add or subtract herbs 2. Increase or reduce dosage 3. Change preparation

Name 5 of the 10 types of prescription preparations.

1. Decoction 2. Powder 3. Pills 4. Paste 5. Tincture 6. Thread 7. Granule 8. Injection 9. Moxa 10. Syrup

What kind of containers are appropriate for cooking herbs?

Clay, glass, stainless steel

For most herbs how long should they soak before cooking?

Half an hour, with water one inch above herbs

How should one heat the herbs?

Strong in the beginning then bring to a simmer

What herbs should be added and cooked first?

Stone, mineral, shell Cook for at least twenty minutes before adding other herbs.

What herbs should be cooked last?

Fragrant or aromatic herbs Eg. Bo He, Da Huang Add and cook for only five minutes at the end.

What kind of herbs should be cooked in a wrapper? Examples?

Small seeds and flowers eg. Xuan Fu Hua, Che Qian Zi

What herbs should be cooked separately?

Expensive and precious herbs eg. E Jiao, Ren Shen

What herbs should not be cooked? Examples?

Ho Bo (?) Niu Huang (bezoar from cattle)

What are the general rules for timing when taking herbs?

Usually half an hour before or after a meal. For herbs that stimulate the digestive system, take after the meal. For herbs that tonify, take in the morning on an empty stomach.

What are the possibilities for frequency of herbs?

2-3 times per day or sipping broth throughout the day

What is the general rule about temperature (if applicable)?

Warm in general