Ch. 1 History

Question 0

Set up the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany; trained subjects in introspection; created structuralism.

Answer 0

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)

Question 1

Recording accurately and objectively your cognitive reactions to simple stimuli.

Answer 1

Introspection

Question 2

The idea that the mind operates by combining subjective emotions and objective sensations.

Answer 2

Structuralism

Question 3

Published “The Principles of Psychology,” the science’s first textbook; created functionalism.

Answer 3

William James (1842-1910)

Question 4

How Wundt’s functions work in our lives; founded by William James.

Answer 4

Functionalism

Question 5

Studied with William James and went on to become President of the American Psychological Association.

Answer 5

Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 6

First woman to earn a Ph.D in psychology.

Answer 6

Margaret Floy Washburn

Question 7

Pioneered the study of child development and was the first president of the American Psychological Association.

Answer 7

G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924)

Question 8

Examines a person’s total experience; believes that the world is more than just an accumulation of various perceptual experiences.

Answer 8

Gestalt Psychology

Question 9

Researcher who revolutionized psychology with his psychoanalytic theory; believed he discovered the unconscious mind.

Answer 9

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

Question 10

A part of our mind over which we do not have conscious control that determines, in part, how we think and behave.

Answer 10

Unconscious Mind

Question 11

The pushing down into the unconscious events and feelings that cause so much anxiety and tension that our conscious mind cannot deal with them.

Answer 11

Repression

Question 12

Researcher who wanted to establish behaviorism as the dominant paradigm of psychology; studied the pioneering conditioning experiments of Ivan Pavlov.

Answer 12

John Watson (1878-1958)

Question 13

Maintain that psychologists should look at only behavior and causes of behavior—stimuli and responses.

Answer 13

Behaviorism

Question 14

Expanded the basic ideas of behaviorism to include reinforcement.

Answer 14

B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)

Question 15

Environmental stimuli that either encourage or discourage certain responses.

Answer 15

Reinforcement

Question 16

Drawing from multiple perspectives.

Answer 16

Eclectic

Question 17

Stressed individual choice and free will; believe that we choose most of our behavior me and these choices are guided by physiological, emotional, or spiritual needs; theorists include Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.

Answer 17

Humanists

Question 18

Theorized that all behaviors are caused by past conditioning.

Answer 18

Deterministic Behaviorists

Question 19

Studied with William James and went on to become President of the American Psychological Association.

Answer 19

Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 20

First woman to earn a Ph.D in psychology.

Answer 20

Margaret Floy Washburn

Question 21

Pioneered the study of child development and was the first president of the American Psychological Association.

Answer 21

G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924)

Question 22

Examines a person’s total experience; believes that the world is more than just an accumulation of various perceptual experiences.

Answer 22

Gestalt Psychology

Question 23

Researcher who revolutionized psychology with his psychoanalytic theory; believed he discovered the unconscious mind.

Answer 23

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

Question 24

A part of our mind over which we do not have conscious control that determines, in part, how we think and behave.

Answer 24

Unconscious Mind

Question 25

The pushing down into the unconscious events and feelings that cause so much anxiety and tension that our conscious mind cannot deal with them.

Answer 25

Repression

Question 26

Researcher who wanted to establish behaviorism as the dominant paradigm of psychology; studied the pioneering conditioning experiments of Ivan Pavlov.

Answer 26

John Watson (1878-1958)

Question 27

Maintain that psychologists should look at only behavior and causes of behavior—stimuli and responses.

Answer 27

Behaviorism

Question 28

Expanded the basic ideas of behaviorism to include reinforcement.

Answer 28

B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)

Question 29

Environmental stimuli that either encourage or discourage certain responses.

Answer 29

Reinforcement

Question 30

Drawing from multiple perspectives.

Answer 30

Eclectic

Question 31

Stressed individual choice and free will; believe that we choose most of our behavior me and these choices are guided by physiological, emotional, or spiritual needs; theorists include Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.

Answer 31

Humanists

Question 32

Theorized that all behaviors are caused by past conditioning.

Answer 32

Deterministic Behaviorists

Question 33

Studied with William James and went on to become President of the American Psychological Association.

Answer 33

Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 34

First woman to earn a Ph.D in psychology.

Answer 34

Margaret Floy Washburn

Question 35

Pioneered the study of child development and was the first president of the American Psychological Association.

Answer 35

G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924)

Question 36

Examines a person's total experience; believes that the world is more than just an accumulation of various perceptual experiences.

Answer 36

Gestalt Psychology

Question 37

Researcher who revolutionized psychology with his psychoanalytic theory; believed he discovered the unconscious mind.

Answer 37

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

Question 38

A part of our mind over which we do not have conscious control that determines, in part, how we think and behave.

Answer 38

Unconscious Mind

Question 39

The pushing down into the unconscious events and feelings that cause so much anxiety and tension that our conscious mind cannot deal with them.

Answer 39

Repression

Question 40

Researcher who wanted to establish behaviorism as the dominant paradigm of psychology; studied the pioneering conditioning experiments of Ivan Pavlov.

Answer 40

John Watson (1878-1958)

Question 41

Maintain that psychologists should look at only behavior and causes of behavior—stimuli and responses.

Answer 41

Behaviorism

Question 42

Expanded the basic ideas of behaviorism to include reinforcement.

Answer 42

B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)

Question 43

Environmental stimuli that either encourage or discourage certain responses.

Answer 43

Reinforcement

Question 44

Drawing from multiple perspectives.

Answer 44

Eclectic

Question 45

Stressed individual choice and free will; believe that we choose most of our behavior me and these choices are guided by physiological, emotional, or spiritual needs; theorists include Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.

Answer 45

Humanists

Question 46

Theorized that all behaviors are caused by past conditioning.

Answer 46

Deterministic Behaviorists

Question 47

Explain human thought and behavior strictly in terms of biological processes.

Answer 47

Biopsychologists

Question 48

Examine human thoughts and actions in terms of natural selection.

Answer 48

Evolutionary Psychologists

Question 49

Examines human thought and behavior in terms of how we interpret, process, and remember environmental events.

Answer 49

Cognitive Psychologists