Ch. 1 - History, Areas, and Connections

Question 1

Psychology comes from (2)

Answer 1

psyche (soul) and logos (study of a subject)

Question 2

Wundt mounted a campaign to…
And was characterized as the…
And declared…

Answer 2

• mounted a campaign to make psychology an independent discipline rather than simply the interaction between physiology and philosophy
• The founder of psychology
• Declared the field should be a science modeled after physics or chemistry

Question 3

Structuralism is based on the notion that…

Answer 3

the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related

Question 4

Structuralism is used to identify (3)

Answer 4

sensations, feelings, and images

Question 5

Introspection is the

Answer 5

careful systematic self-observation of one’s own conscious experience

Question 6

Functionalism is not the ___ but the ___

Answer 6

not how but WHY

Question 7

Functionalism was introduced by

Answer 7

William James

Question 8

Freud introduced the idea of…

Answer 8

unconscious/psychodynamic perspective

Question 9

Pavlov looked at…

Answer 9

how people make associations

Question 10

Watson studied…

Answer 10

behaviorism

Question 11

Freud’s idea can be related after what eras and why?

Answer 11

After WW1 & WW2 when soldiers returned with shellshock (PTSD)

Question 12

Behaviorism looks at…

Answer 12

the need to study what is measurable/observable

Question 13

Radical behaviorism is the idea that…

Answer 13

there is a reason and purpose for everything, no free will, someone must be in charge of reinforcement/punishment

Question 14

Radical behaviorism is related to who?

Answer 14

Skinner

Question 15

Humanism is the idea that… and emphasizes…

Answer 15

• people are different and special

- emphasizes on personal growth and realizing potential

Question 16

Clinical psychology is a branch of psychology concerned with…

Answer 16

diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems

Question 17

Cognition refers to the…

Answer 17

mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge and influences… that our mental process significantly influence our behavior

Question 18

Biological perspective is…

Answer 18

much of human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of the brain structures and biochemical process that allow organisms to behave

Question 19

Individualistic cultures are

Answer 19

“me-oriented” and goals tend to be make people like them, feel different/separate from others, winners/losers, self assured

Question 20

Collectivist culture is…

Answer 20

connected/defined by others, shouldn’t stand out, all supposed to rise

Question 21

Evolutionary psychology examines…

Answer 21

behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for members of the species over the course of many generations

Question 22

Positive psychology uses (2) to…

Answer 22

theory and research to better understand positive, adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human existence

Question 23

Psychology is the science that studies…

Answer 23

behavior and the physiological and cognitive process that underlie behavior

Question 24

Developmental psychology looks at…

Answer 24

human development across lifespan and change over time

Question 25

Social psychology focuses on...

Answer 25

interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces on governing behavior

Question 26

Educational psychology studies how...

Answer 26

people learn and the best ways to teach them

Question 27

Health psychology is how...

Answer 27

psychological factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of physical health and the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness

Question 28

Physiological psychology is...

Answer 28

influence of genetic factors on behavior and the role of the brain, nervous system, endocrine system, and bodily chemicals in the regulation of behavior

Question 29

Experimental psychology focuses on (6)

Answer 29

sensation, perception, learning, conditioning, motivation, and emotion

Question 30

Cognitive psychology focuses on (7)

Answer 30

Memory, reasoning, information processing, language, problem solving, decision making, and creativity

Question 31

Psychometrics is the...

Answer 31

measurement of behavior and capacities usually through tests

Question 32

Personality psychology is concerned with factors that...

Answer 32

shape personality and with personality assessment

Question 33

Human factors in psychology are...

Answer 33

developing products for the way people think/act

Question 34

Organizational psychology is...

Answer 34

enhancing the work quality of life

Question 35

Clinical psychology is the...

Answer 35

evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals with psychological disorders as well as less severe behavioral and emotional disorders

Question 36

Counseling psychology the...

Answer 36

work with people struggling with everyday problems of moderate severity

Question 37

Social work is used to

Answer 37

help manage life better

Question 38

Industrial and organizational psychology runs...

Answer 38

human resources departments, improve staff morale and attitudes, increase job satisfaction, examine organizational structures and procedures, and make recommendations for improvement

Question 39

Industrial and organizational psychology is the connection between (2)

Answer 39

psychology and the business world

Question 40

School psychology uses...

Answer 40

tests and work with children having difficulties in school and aid their parents and teachers in solving school relating problems