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Human Anatomy > Ch. 1 - Intro to Anatomy > Flashcards

Ch. 1 - Intro to Anatomy Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

Microscopic Anatomy

A

Considers structures that cannot be seen without magnification.

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2
Q

Cytology

A

A subdivision of microscopic anatomy which analyzes the internal structure of cells.

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3
Q

Cells

A

The smallest units of life.

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4
Q

Histology

A

A subdivision of microscopic anatomy which analyzes tissues.

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5
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of specialized cells and cell products that work together to perform specific functions.

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6
Q

Organs

A

Combination of tissues that form into anatomical units that have multiple functions.

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7
Q

Gross Anatomy or Macroscopic Anatomy

A

Considers relatively large structures and features visible to the unaided to the unaided eye.

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8
Q

Levels of Organization

A

From low to high:

  1. Chemical or molecular levels
  2. Cellular level
  3. Tissue level
  4. Organ level
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9
Q

Homeostasis

A

Characteristics of the internal environment will be relatively stable at all levels.

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10
Q

Differentiation

A

Individual cells become specialized to perform particular functions.

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11
Q

Cephalon

A

Anatomical region

Area of head

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12
Q

Cervicis

A

Anatomical region

Area of neck

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13
Q

Thoracis

A

Anatomical region

The chest

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14
Q

Brachium

A

Anatomical region

The segment of the upper limb closest to the trunk; the arm

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15
Q

Antebrachium

A

Anatomical region

The forearm

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16
Q

Carpus

A

Anatomical region

The wrist

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17
Q

Manus

A

Anatomical region

The hand

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18
Q

Abdomen

A

Anatomical region

The abdomen

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19
Q

Pelvis

A

Anatomical region

The pelvis (in general)

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20
Q

Pubis

A

Anatomical region

The anterior pelvis

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21
Q

Inguen

A

Anatomical region

The groin (crease between thigh and trunk)

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22
Q

Lumbus

A

Anatomical region

The lower back

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23
Q

Gluteus

A

Anatomical region

The buttock

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24
Q

Femur

A

Anatomical region

The thigh

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25
Patella
Anatomical region The kneecap
26
Crus
Anatomical region The leg, from knee to ankle
27
Sura
Anatomical region The calf
28
Tarsus
Anatomical region The ankle
29
Pes
Anatomical region The foot
30
Planta
Anatomical region Plantar region of foot
31
Anatomical Position
The person stands with the legs together and the feet flat on the floor. The hands are at the sides, and the palms face forward.
32
Supine
Directional term A person lying down in the anatomical position and lying face up.
33
Prone
Directional term A person lying down in the anatomical position and lying face down.
34
Anterior
Directional term The front; before
35
Ventral
Directional term The bellyside (equivalent to posterior when referring to human body)
36
Posterior
Directional term The back; behind
37
Dorsal
Directional term The back (equivalent to posterior when referring to human body)
38
Proximal
Directional term Toward an attached base
39
Distal
Directional term Away from an attached base
40
Lateral
Directional term Away from the midline (the longitudinal axis of the body)
41
Medial
Directional term Toward the midline (the longitudinal axis of the body)
42
Ipsilateral
Directional term Same side of the body
43
Contralateral
Directional term Opposite side of body
44
Superior
Directional term Above; at a higher level (in human body, toward the head)
45
Inferior
Directional term Below; at a lower level; toward the feet
46
Superficial
Directional term At, near, or relatively close to the body surface
47
Deep
Directional term Toward the interior of the body; farther from the surface
48
Sagittal
Body plane of section Separates right and left portions.
49
Midsagittal
Direction term The planes passes through the midline, dividing the body in half and separating right and left sides
50
Parasagittal
Directional term Misses the midline, separating right and left portions of unequal size.
51
Frontal or Coronal
Directional term Separates anterior and posterior portions of the body
52
Transverse or Horizontal or Cross-sectional
Directional term Separates superior and inferior portions of the body; sections typically pass through head and trunk regions
53
Body Cavities
Internal chambers that protect delicate organs from accidental shocks and cushion them from the thumps and bumps that occur during walking, jumping, and running.
54
Ventral Body Cavity
Contains organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
55
Thoracic Cavity
Located in Ventral Body Cavity Contains the lungs and heart, associated organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and lymphoid systems, as well as the thymus and inferior portions of the esophagus
56
Mediastinum
Located in Ventral Body Cavity \> Thoracic Cavity Subdivides left and right pleural cavities. Contains the trachea, esophagus, and major vessels.
57
Pleural Cavity
Located in Ventral Body Cavity \> Thoracic Cavity Surrounds the lungs
58
Pericardial Cavity
Located in Ventral Body Cavity \> Thoracic Cavity \> Mediastinum A small chamber that surrounds the heart
59
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Located in Ventral Body Cavity Contains the peritoneal cavity
60
Abdominal Cavity
Located in Ventral Body Cavity \> Abdominopelvic Cavity Contains many digestive glands and organs
61
Pelvic Cavity
Located in Ventral Body Cavity \> Abdominopelvic Cavity Contains urinary bladder, reproductive rgans, last portion of digestive tract
62
Pleura
Serous membrane lining a pleural cavity
63
Visceral Pleura
Serous membrane that covers the outer surfaces of a lung
64
Parietal Pleura
Serous membrane that covers the opposing mediastinal surface and the inner body wall
65
Pericardium
Serous membrane covering the heart
66
Visceral Pericardium
Serous membrane covering the heart
67
Parietal Pericardium
Serous membrane covering the opposing surface of the heart (not the heart side, but the other side)
68
Serous Membrane
Slippery membrane that reduces friction
69
Peritoneum
Serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity
70
Parietal Peritoneum
Serous membrane that lines the body wall
71
Visceral Peritoneum
Serous membrane that covers the enclosed organs
72
Cranium
Anatomical region The skull
73
Bucca
Anatomical region The cheek
74
Oris
Anatomical region The mouth
75
Mentis
Anatomical region The chin
76
Acromion
Anatomical region The shoulder
77
Axilla
Anatomical region The armpit
78
Olecranon
Anatomical region Back of the elbow
79
Antecubital
Anatomical region The front of the elbow
80
Palm
Anatomical region The palm
81
Digits/Phalanges
Anatomical region The finers and toes
82
Pollex
Anatomical region The thumb
83
Umbillicus
Anatomical region Center of the abdomen
84
Popliteus
Anatomical region Back of the knee
85
Calcaneus
Anatomical region The heel
86
Hallux
Anatomical region The great toe

Human Anatomy (4 decks)

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