Ch. 1 Investigating the Crime Scene

Question 1

arrest warrant

Answer 1

a judicial order requiring that a person be arrested and brought before a court to answer a criminal charge

Question 2

baseline method

Answer 2

a technique used to record measurements for crime scene sketches that draws a line between the fixed points (A, B) and measures the distance to the evidence (x, y) at a right angle from this line

Question 3

chain of custody

Answer 3

the chronological record of each person who had an item of evidence in his or her possession and when they had it

Question 4

finished sketch

Answer 4

a drawing made by a professional that shows the crime scene in proper perspective and that can be presented in court

Question 5

Fourth Amendment

Answer 5

amendment in the US Constitution that gives citizens the right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures

Question 6

individualization

Answer 6

the process of proving that a particular unknown sample is unique, even among members of the same class, or proving that a known sample and a questioned sample share a unique common origin

Question 7

known sample

Answer 7

standard or reference samples from verifiable sources

Question 8

physical evidence

Answer 8

any object that provides a connection between a crime and its victim or between a crime and its perpetrator

Question 9

polar coordinate method

Answer 9

a technique used to record measurements for crime scene sketches, using a transit or a compass to measure the angle from the north and the distance in the evidence (x)

• most commonly used in large-area crime scene (outside or in a warehouse) when a wall or side of a building is used to establish the fixed points (A, B)

Question 10

questioned sample

Answer 10

a sample of unknown origin

Question 11

rough sketch

Answer 11

a drawing made at the crime scene that indicates accurate dimensions and distances

Question 12

search warrant

Answer 12

a court order that gives the police permission to enter private property and search for evidence of a crime

Question 13

secondary crime scenes

Answer 13

sites where subsequent criminal activity took place

Question 14

trace evidence

Answer 14

evidence that is extremely small or is present in limited amounts that results from the transfer from the victim or crime scene to the suspect

Question 15

triangulation method

Answer 15

a technique used to record measurements for crime scene sketches, measuring the location of the evidence (x, y) from fixed points (A, B)

Question 16

A physical evidence sample that is collected at the crime scene is called a(n) _______ sample.

Answer 16

questioned sample

Question 17

Known samples are also called ______ samples.

Answer 17

control, reference, or standard

Question 18

A known sample that has been produced is sometimes called a(n) ______.

Answer 18

exempler

Question 19

_______ has the responsibility for securing the crime scene.

Answer 19

first responder

Question 20

The boundary around the crime scene should be ______ than the scene could possibly be.

Answer 20

larger

Question 21

As soon as is possible, the responding officer at a crime scene should ______ all of his/her actions and observations at the scene.

Answer 21

document

Question 22

The first responders must ensure that ______ is not lost, contaminated, or moved.

Answer 22

physical evidence

Question 23

The ______ has the responsibility of directing the crime scene investigation.

Answer 23

lead investigator

Question 24

Once the boundaries of the crime scene have been established, a(n) ______ path into and out of the crime scene is created.

Answer 24

single

Question 25

The taking of _____ documents the core of the crime scene and the physical evidence.

Answer 25

notes

Question 26

Photographs of the crime scene must show all items in their ______, _______ state.

Answer 26

original, undisturbed

Question 27

_______ photos are used to record details about each piece of evidence.

Answer 27

close-up

Question 28

An investigator only needs to draw a(n) ________ sketch of the crime scene.

Answer 28

rough

Question 29

As the case is being prepared for court a(n) _____ will prepare finished sketches of the crime scene based on information in the investigator's rough sketch.

Answer 29

CAD, computer aided drafting professional

Question 30

Four common search patterns recommended by the FBI are:

Answer 30

1) spiral 2) grid 3) stripe 4) zone

Question 31

Impression evidence is developed or enhanced by the use of specialized _____ techniques, and the application of ______ developers.

Answer 31

photographic, chemical

Question 32

Biological evidence is developed by _____ means.

Answer 32

chemical

Question 33

The first priority of the investigator who locates a firearm at a crime scene is to _______.

Answer 33

render the firearm safe

Question 34

Carpet samples close to suspicious fires are collected and placed in a(n) _____, ________.

Answer 34

clean paint can, then sealed

Question 35

Trace evidence is collected manually ______, by _______.

Answer 35

with forceps, tweezers, or gloved hand; scraping, taping or vacuuming

Question 36

List four types of evidence that may be retrieved by the medical examiner from a deceased vicitim:

Answer 36

1) clothing 2) fingernail scrapings 3) head and pubic hairs 4) blood

Question 37

Whenever possible, evidence should be _______ (left on/taken off) the object on which it is found.

Answer 37

left on

Question 38

As evidence is collected, it is temporarily stored in a collection area that is constantly ______.

Answer 38

guarded

Question 39

Crime laboratories require a(n) ______ to accompany all evidence shipments.

Answer 39

evidence submission form

Question 40

From its original findings through court proceedings, the prosecution must maintain the _____ of the evidence.

Answer 40

chain of custody

Question 41

Evidence is most often excluded from trial because of violations of the defendant's ________ rights.

Answer 41

Fourth Amendment

Question 42

To obtain a search warrant, a law enforcement officer must show ______.

Answer 42

probable cause

Question 43

In determining probable cause, the magistrate may consider:

Answer 43

1) informant 2) victim 3) witness 4) another police officer

Question 44

When police arrive at the scene of a crime, if they think an injured person is inside, they can enter the premises without a warrant because of the _______ exception to the Fourth Amendment.

Answer 44

emergency exception