Ch 1 Types of Apparatus Equipped with a Pump Flashcards
(35 cards)
1
Q
NFPA 1901
A
Standard for automotive fire apparatus
- requirements of pumper design
2
Q
NFPA 1906
A
Standard for wildland fire apparatus
3
Q
NFPA 1500
A
Standard on fire dept occupational safety and health program
4
Q
NFPA 414
A
Standard for aircraft rescue and firefighting vehicles
5
Q
common pumper requirements
A
- specified by NFPA 1901 Standard for automotive fire apparatus
- Minimum pump capacity of 750 GPM
- Min tank capacity of 300 gallons
- Increments of 250 GPM
- Municipal < 2000 GPM
- Industrial >2000 GPM
- Equipment
Ground ladders
SCBA
Extrication tools
Forcible Entry tools
Salvage tools
Portable water tanks
First Aid/Medical Equip.
6
Q
rescue pumper
A
Standard Engine Co. with extra Rescue/Extrication equipment
7
Q
Pumpers with Foam Capability
Fire departments that carry:
A
Industrial
Municipal
Airports
Wildland
8
Q
Pumpers with Foam Capability
Types of Foam Systems
A
Around the pump
Direct injection
Balanced pressure foam proportioning system
CAFS (Compressed-Air Foam System)
Combination of above
9
Q
Pumpers with Foam Capability
Industrial setting
A
- Most use some form of balanced pressure proportioning system due to reliability
- Fire pumps range 1000-3000 gpm or greater
- Foam concentrate tank ranges from 500 to 1500 gallons
- Fixed foam turret is typical
- Commercial or custom truck chassis
10
Q
Pumpers with Foam Capability
Municipal Setting
A
-Some have fixed Class A and/or B Foam systems
- Foam proportioning systems scaled down to 20-100 gallons on board concentrate
- Refill with 5 gall containers
11
Q
Pumpers with Elevating Water Devices
A
- Range 50-75 feet
- Use articulating booms or telescoping pipes
12
Q
Initial Attack Fire Apparatus:
Minipumpers
A
- Smaller quick attack pumpers
- Highly maneuverable
- Many are four wheel drive (off-road capable)
- One-ton Chassis
- Min 250 gpm / 200 gal tank
- Most <500 gpm
- Some up to 1000 gpm
- May have foam system
- Much of the same equipment in smaller quantities
13
Q
Initial Attack Fire Apparatus:
Midipumpers
A
- Slightly larger than minipumper
- Often meet Class A requirements
- Can start initial attack on larger fires
- Pumps are as large as 1000 gpm
- Chassis usually over
- 12000 pounds GVW
- Main differences are size, pump capacity, and equipment carried
14
Q
Mobile Water Supply Apparatus
(And tank sizes)
A
- Known as water tenders or tankers
- If equipped with pump, must have:
-meet NFPA requirements
-carry 15’ supply hose or 20’ hard intake with strainer
-min 100ft 1 ½ -2” hose and a 1 combo nozzle 95gpm - Minimum size tank is 1000 gallons
- 1500 Gallons or less on a single rear axle
- 1500 or more
1. Tandem rear axles
2. Tri-axles
3. Tractor trailer - Size of tank depends on:
1. Terrain
2. Bridge weight limits
3. Monetary constraints
4. Size of other mobile water supply in area
15
Q
Mobile Water Supply Apparatus:
Factors considered in designing tankers to allow for safe and efficient transport of water
A
- Tank capacity
- Fill rate
- Dump time
- Suspension and steering
- Properly sized chassis
- Engine size for tank size and terrain
- Brakes
- Tank mount
- Baffling
- Venting system
- Dump location i.e. front, back, left, and right.
16
Q
Mobile Water Supply Apparatus:
Operations
A
- “Nurse tender”- water direct from tank of a mobile water supply app.
- Shuttle operation- fill and dump into portable tanks
- Some have vacuum pump in tank to draw water from static water supply
- Pressurizes to help expedite the dump
- Tactical tenders or attack tankers are Mobile water supply apparatus with attack pumps
17
Q
Wildland Fire Apparatus:
NPFA and Known as…
A
NFPA 1906 – Standard for wildland fire apparatus
- Known as:
Brush trucks
Brush breakers
Booster apparatus
18
Q
Wildland Fire Apparatus:
Components and Attack Operations
A
- Most have tank size less than 500 gallons
- Some have as much as 1000 gpm with 1000 gallon or greater tank
- Pump and Roll - operate pump and drive at same time via Separate motor or PTO
- Fire attack:
1. Walk along side in burned area using short sections of hose
2. Remote operated nozzle from inside truck
3. Ride along exterior prohibited by NIOSH and NFPA 1500 - Hose:
Booster hose
Forestry hose
Small diameter 1” and 1.5” attack hose - Ground sweep nozzles protect apparatus and extinguish short vegetation fires
- Class A foam common
- Use both high energy and low energy foam systems
- Booster Tanks are 20 gallons to excess of 1000 gallons
19
Q
Pump Apparatus Typing
A
- National Incident Management System (NIMS) Categorizes pumping apparatus by capability
- NWCG (National Wildlife coordinating group) and FEMA also have their own typing requirements
20
Q
Aircraft Fire Apparatus
A
- Aircraft rescue and firefighting apparatus (ARFF)
- Formerly known as crash fire rescue vehicles (CFR)
- NFPA 414 – Standard for aircraft rescue and firefighting vehicles
- Three general classifications:
-Major fire fighting vehicles - up to 2,000gpm pump/6,000 gall tank and 600gall foam concentrate
-Rapid intervention vehicles – RIV - typical capacity of 1,250 gpm pump/ no more than 1,500 gall
-Combined Agent vehicles - Small initial attack intended to arrive on scene quickly and knock down or extinguish small fires. May or may not have fire pump, foam system, or water tank. They will have variety of pressurized extinguishing agents such as dry chem, halo agents, and pre mixed foam/water
21
Q
Fire Boat Apparatus
A
- Best suited for:
1. Master stream operation
2. Providing additional water (relay pumping) for on shore firefighting operations - Pump size of up to 26,000 gpm
- Master stream turrets of 2,000 to 3,000 gpm
- Smaller boats propelled by water jets or are amphibious
- Larger boats powered by marine type diesel engines
22
Q
Aerial Apparatus Equipped with Fire Pumps
A
- Can function as both ladder co. or engine co.
- Position as ladder always
- Extra hose may be pulled and stretched around a building, but aerial length is fixed
- Can supply own master stream
- Can handle small fires when engine is not present
- Can protect itself from high radiant heat situations
23
Q
Quint
A
- Pump, Hose , Aerial, Ground ladders, Water tank
- True quint min 1000 gpm pump capcity
- Min. pump tank capacity is 300 gallons
- Can be as much as 2000 gpm
24
Q
Ladder Tender
A
- Extend the life of ladder trucks by being used in small scale incidents or ones that don’t require a full size ladder
- Water tank doesn’t exceed 300 gallons
- No more than 300 gpm
25
Rescue Apparatus with Fire Pumps
- Aka. Engine tenders
- Smaller firefighting capabilities than Rescue Pumpers
- Pump size 500 gpm or less
- Tank size 500 gallons or less
- equipped with a pump panel and one or more per connects in a compartment
- need larger chassis
26
Trailer mounted fire pumps
- Used on long-term pump operations
- Landfills, Petroleum storage facilities, Etc.
- ability to leave at a scene with personnel so apparatus can go back in service
27
Electric Power Generation Equipment:
Inverters
- Used commonly to power vehicle mounted flood lights or when not much power is required
- 12v or 24v dc to 110v or 220v ac
- 1,500 watts or greater produced
Advantages:
- no noise
- fuel efficient
Disadvantages:
- Small capacity
- Limited mobility
28
Electric Power Generation Equipment:
Generators
- 110v or 220v
Portable
- Carried by one or two people
- Up to 5000 watts
Fixed
- Powered by diesel, gasoline, propane, hydraulic, or PTO systems
- Up to 12,000 watts on pumpers
- 50,000 watts or more on rescues
- Can be noisy, hard to talk near
29
Scene Lighting and Electric Power Distribution Equipment
- Portable Lights
1. 300-1000 watts supplied by self or cord from power plant on unit
- Fixed lights
1. Overall lighting of the scene
2. 500 -1500 watts per light
- Power cords
1. Most common size is 12g, 3-wire type
2. Coils, portable cord reels, or fixed automatic reels
3. Twist lock receptacles
- Adapters should be carried to interface with other agencies
- 2 prong vs. 3 prong
- Junction Box
1. Multiple connections needed
2. Light on top to make location easier and also tells you the box has power
30
Hydraulic Rescue tool systems
- Four basic types
1. Cutters/shears
2. Spreaders
3. Combination shears/spreaders
4. Extension rams
- Powered by hydraulic fluid from pump
- Pump powered by one of the following:
1. Compressed air
2. Electric motors
3. Two/four cycle gas engines
4. PTO system
- 100 feet length or less from unit is optimal
- Some have manifolds for multiple tools
- Must know capabilities/limitations for that system
31
What are the most common requirements for fire department pumpers
- min pump capacity of 750 gpm
- min tank size 300 gal
- equipped w/ intake, discharge, pump controls, gauges, and various hose/nozzle sizes/types
equipment
- ground ladders
- SCBA
- forcible entry tools
- salvage tools/equipment
- port. water tank
- EMS equipment
32
What are some characteristics of initial attack fire apparatus?
- smaller
- highly maneuverable and able to respond to incidents w/ limited access
33
What are the two basic functions of mobile supply apparatus on the fire ground?
- mobile shuttle operations
- stationary reservoir "nurse tender"
34
What are some types of specialty apparatus and their functions?
- wildland fire apparatus: lightweight, highly maneuverable, all-terrain
- air craft rescue and fire apparatus: provide immediate suppression of flammable liquid fires and suppression of vapors from fuel spills
- fire boats: water rescue, EMS, firefighting, and relay pumping to units on land
aerial apparatus w/ pump: may act as engine or ladder Co.
- rescue apparatus w/ fire pump: small fires
- trailer mounted fire pumps: extended operations, ability to leave at scene w/ personnel
35
What are the two types of electric power generators used in emergency services operations?
- portable
- vehicle mounted
