Ch. 1 Understanding Yourself and Others Flashcards
Week 1 (13 cards)
Define personality and describe its history and scope.
personality is someones usual pattern of behaviour, thoughts, and feelings. usual meaning across situations. NB historical roots are assessment ans measurement, trait models, psychodynamics, and self tests.
Describe various contexts in which personality might appear.
in social media, spaces like offices and bedrooms, physical appearance and mannerisms, behaviours.
What is the person-situation debate?
debate about if personality exists and impacts behaviour, or if the situation affects behaviour more. so person side says yes ppl have consistent behavioural tendencies across situations. situation side says no ppl dont, and that situation determines behaviour.
How was the person-situation debate resolved?
said equal weight goes to both personality and situation in determining behaviour. person determines it better as an avg across occurrences, while situation is a better predictor for specific occurrences.
What is extraversion?
outgoing, assertive and talkative. enjoys being outgoing and experiencing pos emotions.
What is introversion?
how reserved or shy you appear. enjoys time alone and can be reserved in social settings.
What is situation?
the other ppl and physical enviro surrounding a person.
What is the nature-nurture debate?
debating if personality is caused by genetics or the environment.
What is conscientiousness?
neat, organized, ambitious and motivated. opposite is being messy, unmotivated, and impulsive.
What is the person-situation interaction?
details how person and situation work together to determine behaviour. 1. personality can be impacted by experiences (long term situations) 2. ppl respond differently to the same situation (bc of different personalities) 3. ppl choose their situations 4. ppl change the situations they enter.
What is sanguine?
based on blood humour, optomistic and pleasant.
What is melancholic?
based on black bile, sad and world-weary temperament.
What are the NB historical roots of personality psych?
- assessment and measurement; personality testing. tells us how to measure personality. 2. trait models/theory; tells us what to measure regarding personality. says personality is made up of traits which are descriptive units of language. galton. 3. psychodynamics; seeks to capture the whole person. freud and carl jung. goal to understand the person in relation to deeper impulses, fear, or more complex unconscious mental structures. 4. self processes/study of the self; questions of identity.
