ch 10 Flashcards
industry v inferiority
psychological conflict of middle childhood which resolved positively when children develop a sense of competence at useful skills and tasks
social comparisons
judgments of their appearance, abilities and behavior in relation to those of others
mastery-oriented attributions
crediting their successes to ability - a characteristic that can be improved through trying hard and can count on when facing new challenges and attributed failure to factors that can be changed or controlled, such as insufficient effort or a very difficult task
learned helplessness
children who develop this attributed their failures but not successes to ability. when they succeed they conclude that external factors i.e. luck, are responsible. unlike their mastery-orientated counterparts they believe that ability is fixed and cannot be improved by trying hard
peer groups
collectives that generate unique values and standards for behavior and a social structure of leaders and followers
peer acceptance
referring to likability -extent to which a child is viewed by group of age mates as a worthy social partner
popular children
get many positive votes, well liked
rejected children
who get many negative votes, disliked
controversial children
get lots of positive and negative votes
neglected children
seldom mentioned
popular prosocial children
majoritive subtype of popular children combining social competence and academic
popular antisocial children
subtype of popular children, “tough” boys - usually jocks or mean girls
rejected-aggresive children
majority of rejected children subtype show high rates of conflict, physical and relational aggression, hyperactive, inattentive, impulsive
rejected-withdrawn children
passive and socially awkward
peer victimization
certain children become targets of verbal and physical attacks or other types of abuse
