Ch. 10 - Lymphatic

Question 1

Which of the following organs does not have lymphatic vessels?

Answer 1

brain

or placenta

Question 2

The predominant formed elements of normal lymph fluid are

Answer 2

WBCs

Question 3

Lymph ducts merge into the venous system at the

Answer 3

subclavian veins

Question 4

Lymph flows faster in response to

Answer 4

massage

(increases with mounting capillary pressure, greater permeability of the capillary walls, increased metabolic rate, and massage.)

Question 5

An increased number of lymphocytes in the blood represents a systemic response to _____ infections.

Answer 5

most viral

Question 6

An organ that is essential to the development of protective immune function in infants but has little or no demonstrated function in adults is the

Answer 6

thymus

Question 7

The examination of the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity is essential to the evaluation of the immune system because of the location of which organ?

Answer 7

spleen

Question 8

Enlarged tonsils and adenoids may obstruct the

Answer 8

nasopharyngeal passageway.

Question 9

When enlarged, which lymph nodes are most likely to be a sign of malignancy?

Answer 9

supraclavicular

it may be the sentinel node of Hodgkin lymphoma.

Question 10

Which lymphatic tissue is normally visible during the physical examination?

Answer 10

Palatine tonsils

located at the back of the mouth on either side of the tongue and can be seen more readily than the adenoids

Question 11

Lymphoid tissue normally regresses to adult size by

Answer 11

puberty.

Question 12

A congenital defect in the immune system of a 2-week-old infant may be suspected if

Answer 12

the umbilical cord has not yet dropped off.

delayed separation of the umbilical cord has been associated with abnormal granulocyte function.

Question 13

During pregnancy, the leukocyte count normally increases because of more

Answer 13

polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 14

As adults age, their ability to resist infection decreases because of lymphatic nodes becoming more

Answer 14

fibrotic.

they become more fibrotic and fatty

Question 15

Equipment for examining the lymphatic system includes a

Answer 15

centimeter ruler.

Question 16

Which nodes are most often associated with inflammation?

Answer 16

Tender

Question 17

Nodes located nearest the palatine tonsils are the

Answer 17

retropharyngeal

Question 18

Nodes that are palpable just inferior to the chin are the

Answer 18

submental

Question 19

Nodes located nearest the elbow are the

Answer 19

epitrochlear.

Question 20

Which landmark is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior cervical triangles?

Answer 20

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 21

Which nodes are also called Virchow nodes?

Answer 21

Supraclavicular

Question 22

The harder and more discrete a node, the more likely a(n)

Answer 22

malignancy

tender are more infectious

Question 23

Normal supraclavicular lymph nodes are

Answer 23

not palpable

Question 24

When examining lymph nodes near a joint in the arm or leg, which of the following maneuvers is likely to facilitate the examination?

Answer 24

Flexion of the extremity

Bending joint areas will ease taut tissues and allow for better accessibility to palpation

Question 25

When examining the epitrochlear nodes, which joint should be supported?

Answer 25

Elbow

Question 26

Palpation of the scalene triangle for supraclavicular nodes should be done with

Answer 26

fingers hooked over the clavicle next to | the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Question 27

To palpate the inguinal nodes, you should have the patient

Answer 27

lie supine, with the knees slightly flexed.

Question 28

It is not unusual to find postauricular and occipital nodes in

Answer 28

children younger than 2 years of age.

Question 29

Large palatine tonsils are common in

Answer 29

children

Question 30

Obstruction of the nasopharynx, pulmonary hypertension, and risk of sleep apnea may be associated with excessively enlarged

Answer 30

palatine tonsils. | grade 3+ to 4+

Question 31

The most important clue to the diagnosis of a child with an immunodeficiency disease is

Answer 31

serious recurring infections. | such as Pneumocystis jirovecii and other fungal infections that do not respond as expected to therapy.

Question 32

A red streak that follows the course of the lymphatic collecting duct is a finding associated with

Answer 32

lymphangitis.

Question 33

To find the infection site associated with acute lymphangitis, the examiner should look _____ to the inflammation

Answer 33

distal (red streak of inflammation will follow the direction (proximal) of lymphatic flow, away from the periphery, and with the infection site distal to the streak.)

Question 34

The most common causes of acute suppurative lymphadenitis are

Answer 34

streptococcal and staphylococcal organisms.

Question 35

Which disorder is characterized by a single node that is chronically enlarged and nontender in a patient with no other symptoms?

Answer 35

Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasmosis is displayed as a chronically enlarged, nontender, single node usually in the posterior cervical chain.)

Question 36

Enlarged inguinal nodes are likely to be associated with

Answer 36

genital herpes.

Question 37

Tender nodes associated with cat scratch disease are most commonly found in which area?

Answer 37

Axilla | usually head, neck, and axilla

Question 38

Which disorder is a dysfunction of cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 38

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | AIDS

Question 39

Serum sickness is usually characterized first by the appearance of:

Answer 39

urticaria.