Dermatology

Question 1

What are easily forgotten areas in the TBSE?

Answer 1

• medial canthi, alar creases, conchal bowl, postauricular folds

Question 2

What does ABCDE stand for when assessing for melanoma?

Answer 2

• Asymmetry
• Border
• Color
• Diameter
• Evolution

Question 3

What is the most common site for men to get melanoma? and for women?

Answer 3

• Men: Back

- Women: Back and Legs

Question 4

Which layer of the skin has the most vasculature and nerve fibers?

Answer 4

Dermis

Question 5

What are the appendages of the skin?

Answer 5

• sweat glands
• sebaceous glands
• hair
• nails

Question 6

____ is increased beta-carotene levels in blood found in infants who have started eating baby foods.

Answer 6

Carotenemia

Question 7

When you blanch a ____, they will refill erratically and unorganized. Whereas when you blanch a ____, they will refill in an organized way.

Answer 7

• Capillary spider (venules)

- Spider angiomas (arterioles)

Question 8

____ is flat, well-circumscribed lesion <1cm in diameter

Answer 8

Macule

Question 9

____ is an elevated, firm lesion <1 cm in diameter

Answer 9

Papule

Question 10

____ is a flat, irregularly shaped lesion >1 cm in diameter

Answer 10

Patch

Question 11

____ is an elevated, firm, rough lesion >1cm in diameter

Answer 11

Plaque

Question 12

____ is an elevated, irregular shaped area of cutaneous edema, that is transient and varies in size

Answer 12

Wheal

Question 13

____ is an elevated firm lesion, 1-2 cm in diameter, that is deeper in dermis

Answer 13

Nodule

Question 14

____ is an elevated serous-filled lesion, <1 cm diameter

Answer 14

Vesicle

Question 15

____ is an elevated serous-filled lesion >1 cm diameter

Answer 15

Bulla

Question 16

____ is a pus-filled lesion

Answer 16

Pustule

Question 17

____ is an elevated, encapsulated lesion filled with semisolid material

Answer 17

Cyst

Question 18

____ is rough, thickened epidermis due to persistent rubbing

Answer 18

Lichenification

Question 19

____ is an irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar

Answer 19

Keloid

Question 20

____ is loss of part of the epidermis and often follows rupture of a vesicle

Answer 20

Erosion

Question 21

____ is a thinning of skin. Ex - striae

Answer 21

Atrophy

Question 22

Loss of skin turgor is common in the elderly. To determine hydration, you should instead check for ____

Answer 22

• Amount of saliva

- Urine output

Question 23

What stage ulcer has intact skin with non-blanchable redness?

Answer 23

Stage I

Question 24

What stage ulcer has partial thickness loss of dermis with shallow open ulcer with a reddish pink wound bed?

Answer 24

Stage II

Question 25

What stage ulcer has full thickness tissue loss, possible SQ fat exposure,

Answer 25

Stage III

Question 26

____ are soft, small, skin-colored, pedunculated papules of skin, typically of neck and upper chest

Answer 26

Acrochordon (skin tags)

Question 27

____ are yellowish, flattened papules with central depressions that are difficult to discern from basal cell carcinoma.

Answer 27

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Question 28

Primary lesion characteristics

Answer 28

- size - shape - color - texture - configuration - distribution

Question 29

Secondary lesion characteristics

Answer 29

- scale - crust - atrophy - scar - erythema vs petechiae/purpura

Question 30

Pt presents with facial redness, dilated blood vessels, swelling, burning/stinging, and occasional rhinophyma ...Dx?

Answer 30

Rosacea

Question 31

Pt with Hx of obesity and DM presents with area of dark velvety discoloration in body folds ... Dx? ... Tx?

Answer 31

- Acanthosis nigricans | - Monitor and treat underlying disease

Question 32

Pt presents with small shiny, waxy, pearly bump that has grown slowly and bleeds easily ... Dx?

Answer 32

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 33

splinter hemorrhages can be associated with ____

Answer 33

- infective endocarditis - lupus - RA - trauma

Question 34

Nail pitting is common in those with

Answer 34

psoriasis, alopecia areata, sarcoidosis

Question 35

Yellow discoloration of the nails can occur with ___ and ___ infections.

Answer 35

psoriasis and fungal infections

Question 36

Proximal subungual infection is associated with ___ infection.

Answer 36

HIV

Question 37

Pt who recently went hiking presents with slightly raised erythematous lesion that is round with central clearing and has associated fatigue, anorexia, and headache. ... Dx?

Answer 37

Lyme disease | Erythema migrans

Question 38

Pt presents with soft bluish purple and painless skin plaques. ... Dx?

Answer 38

Kaposi Sarcoma

Question 39

Kaposi Sarcoma is associated with ___ infection

Answer 39

HIV

Question 40

Female pt presents with excessive hair growth on the face and body, which are thick, dark terminal hairs, in androgen-sensitive sites. ... Dx? What is this clinical sign of?

Answer 40

- Hirutism | - endocrine disorder

Question 41

___ is painless separation of the nail from the nails bed

Answer 41

Onycholysis

Question 42

___ is a central depression of the nail with lateral elevation, consistent with what 4 disorders?

Answer 42

Koilonychia - IDA, syphilis, fungal dermatoses, hypothyroidism

Question 43

____ are atypical squamous cells due to sun exposure. Lesions can progress into squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 43

Actinic Keratosis

Question 44

warts at the lateral nail fold are likely due to

Answer 44

HPV

Question 45

skin lesions are illuminated to distinguish ___ from ____

Answer 45

fluid-filled lesions from solid cysts/massess

Question 46

A single dark band on the nail of a white skinned person can be a sign of ___

Answer 46

melanoma

Question 47

A single crease in the palm of a child is known as ____ and may imply ____

Answer 47

- Simian line | - Down syndrome

Question 48

Cafe au lait patches are numbered and assessed at each physical exam of an infant/young child because 6 or more patches may suggest ____

Answer 48

neurofibromatosis

Question 49

Child presents with discrete vesicles on an erythematous base to scalp that are spreading to the trunk. ... Dx?

Answer 49

Varicella

Question 50

Nociceptors transmit pain impulses from the periphery to the ___ horn of the spinal cord

Answer 50

dorsal