ch 10- shoulder joint "glenohumeral joint" Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
ball and socket joint with movement in all three planes and around all three axes; 3 degrees of freedom
A
shoulder joint “glenohumeral”
2
Q
humeral head articulating with glenoid fossa of scapula
A
shoulder joint “glenohumeral”
3
Q
most movable joint; least stable joint
A
shoulder joint “glenohumeral”
4
Q
Joint motions: 1-flexion, extension, and hyperextension; 2-abdution and adduction; 3- medial and lateral rotation; 4- horizontal abduction and adduction; circumduction; scaption
A
shoulder joint “glenohumeral”
5
Q
normal end feel for all shoulder joint motions because of tension due to ligaments and muscle in joint capsule
A
firm end feel
6
Q
transverse plane/ vertical axis; 90 degrees of motion
A
medial and lateral rotation
7
Q
arc of circle motion possible at shoulder; combination of all shoulder motions
A
circumduction
8
Q
transverse plane/ vertical axis; 30 degrees of motion
A
horizontal abduction
9
Q
transverse plane/ vertical axis; 120 degrees of motion
A
horizontal adduction
10
Q
frontal plane/ sagittal plane; 180 degrees of motion
A
abduction and adduction
11
Q
sagittal plane/ frontal axis; 180 degrees of motion
A
flexion and extension
12
Q
sagittal plane/ frontal axis; 45 degrees from anatomical position
A
hyperextension
13
Q
therapeutic shoulder exercises; 30 degrees forward from frontal plane (scapular plane); most functional movements
A
scaption
14
Q
occurs in open packed position; 55 degrees of abduction and 30 degrees of horizontal adduction
A
greatest AK motion in shoulder joint
15
Q
convex humeral head moves within the concave glenoid fossa of scapula
A
ak motion of shoulder joint
16
Q
shoulder joint glides _____ of the roll/swing
A
opposite
17
Q
humeral head glides posteriorly
A
medial rotation
18
Q
humeral head glides anteriorly and superiorly
A
extension and adduction
19
Q
humeral head glides posteriorly and inferiorly
A
flexion and abduction
20
Q
humeral head glides anteriorly
A
lateral rotation
21
Q
glide humeral head into direction of restriction between the joint surfaces and lengthen fibers of joint capsule
A
mobilizing force
22
Q
shallow somewhat egg-shaped socket on superior end, lateral side; articulates with the humerus
A
glenoid fossa
23
Q
fibrocartilaginous ring attached to the rim of the glenoid fossa, which deepens the articular surface
A
glenoid labrum
24
Q
most area on the anterior (costal) surface, providing attachment for the subscapularis muscle
A
subscapular fossa
25
below the spine, provides attachment for the infraspinatus muscle
infraspinous fossa
26
above the spine, provides attachment for the supraspinatus muscle
supraspinous fossa
27
providing attachment for teres major and minor muscles
axillary border
28
broad, flat area on the superior lateral aspect, providing attachment for middle deltoid muscle
acromion process
29
longest and largest of upper extremity
humerus
30
semirounded proximal end; articulates with the scapula
head
31
slightly constricted area just below tubercles where the head meets the body
surgical neck
32
circumferential groove separating the head from the tubercle
anatomical neck
33
"body" the area between the surgical neck procimally and wider distal end
shaft
34
large projection lateral to head and lesser tubercle
greater tubercle
35
shoulder projection on anterior surface, medial to greater tubercle; provides attachment for the subscapularis muscle
lesser tubercle
36
on the lateral side near the midpoint of the shaft; not usually a well-defined muscle
deltoid tuberosity
37
"intertubercular groove"; the longitudinal groove between the tubercles; containing the tendon of the long head of biceps
bicipital groove
38
lateral and medial lips of bicipital groove, or crests of greater and lesser tubercles
bicipital ridges
39
lateral lip (crest of greater tubercle) provides attachment for
pectoralis major muscle
40
medial lip (crst for lesser tubercle) provides attachment for
latissimus dorsi and teres major
41
injury caused by a fall on outstretched hand; results in impacted fracture and common in elderly
humeral neck fracture
42
caused by direct blow or twisting force; increase risk for radial nerve injury
midhumeral fracture
43
b/c of midhumeral fracture since nerve passes next to bone in spiral groove
radial nerve injury
44
occurs at humerus; may be caused by benign tumors or metastatic carcinoma from primary sites such as lung, breast, kidney, prostate
pathological fracture
45
commonly seen in people who have hemiplegia usually from a cerebrovascular accident (stroke); paralysis of shoulder muscle leaves them no longer able to hold head of humerus in glenoid fossa; paralysis combined with pull of gravity and weight of arm overtime causes partial dislocation
gelnohumeral subluxation
46
most common joint dislocation; forced shoulder abduction and lateral rotation tends to be the dislocation motion causing the humeral head to slide anteriorly out of glenoid fossa
anterior shoulder dislocations
47
inflammation and fibrosis of shoulder joint capsule, which leads to pain and loss of ROM; frozen shoulder
adhesive capsulitis
48
involves distal tendinous insertion of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis on greater/lesser tubercle area of humerus
torn rotator cuff
49
overuse condition that involves compression between the acromial arch, the humeral head, and soft tissue structures- coracoacromial ligament, rotator cuff muscles, long head of biceps, and subacromial bursa; swimmers shoulder
impingement syndrom
50
damage to glenoid labrum; results in pain and limited motion in shoulder joint
labral tear
51
involves the long head of the biceps proximally as it crosses the humeral head, changes direction, and descends into bicipital groove; a rupture of biceps long head tendon commonly occurs during repetitive or forceful overhead positions
bicipital tendonitis
52
chronic inflammation of supraspinatus tendon can lead to an accumulation of mineral deposits; may be asymptomatic or quite painful
calcific tendonitis
53
overloading the muscle in an abducted and laterally rotated positions tends to be the force subluxing the tendon out of the bicipital groove
subluxing of biceps tendon
54
divides into superior, middle, inferior; reinforce the anterior portion of the capsule; pleated folds of capsule
glenohumeral ligaments
55
attaches from lateral side of coracoid process and spans the joint anteriorly to the medial side of greater tubercle; strengthens upper part of joint capsule
coracohumeral ligament
56
fibrous ring that surrounds the rim of glenoid fossa; function: deepen articular cavity
glenoid labrum
57
large and located between the deltoid muscle and joint capsule
subdeltoid bursa
58
lies below the acromion and coracoacromial ligament between them and joint capsule
subacromial bursa
59
tendinous band formed by the blending together of the tendinous instertions of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor; help keep head of humerus against the glenoid fossa during joint motion (rotating motion)
rotator cuff
60
thin-walled spacious container that attaches around the rim of the glenoid fossa and the anatomical neck of humerus
joint capsule
61
formed by outer fibrous membrane and inner synovial membrane
joint capsule
62
shoulder abducted: inferior portion is ____ and superior portion is _____
taut; slack
63
anatomical position: inferior portion is ____ and superior portion is _____
slack; taut
64
lumbar aponeurosis; superficial fibrous sheet that attaches to the spinous processes of lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the supraspinal ligament, and posterior part of iliac crest, covering the sacrospinalis muscle
thoracolumbar fascia
65
provides broad attachment for the latissimus dorsi muscle
thoracolumbar fascia
66
completely surrounds joint and creates a vacuum to help hold the head against the fossa
joint capsule
67
glenoid fossa faces in an anterior, lateral, and upward direction. the purpose of upward direction is to
provide stability to joint
68
most muscles of shoulder joint originate on scapula, clavicle, or rib cage and insert on _____
humerus
69
muscles crossing anterior aspect of the joint have a ____ line of pull and ____ joint
vertical; flex
70
muscles crossing posterior aspect of joint have a _____ line of pull and ____ joint
vertical; extend
71
if the muscles crosses the superior/lateral aspect of the joint, it will ____
abduct
72
if the muscle crosses the inferior/medial aspect of joint, it will ____
adduct
73
if the muscles have a horizontal line of pull crossing posterior aspect of joint, it will ____
laterally rotate and horizontal abduct
74
if the muscles have a horizontal line of pull crossing anterior aspect of joint, it will _____
medially rotate and horizontal adduct
75
originates on trunk and insert on scapula causing movement or stabilization of scapula
shoulder girdle
76
originates on scapula or trunk and inserts on humerus causing movement of shoulder joint
shoulder joint
77
covers most superficial chest wall
pectoralis major
78
superficial cap over anterior, lateral, and posterior sides of shoulder
deltoid
79
covers most anterior and posterior arm
biceps and triceps brachii
80
deep in trapezius above scapula spine
supraspinatus
81
covers lumbar and thoracic regions of back
latissimus dorsi
82
infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major lie _____ scapular spine in descending order
below
83
lies deep to pectoralis major and anterior deltoid; lies medially to short head of biceps
coracobrachialis
84
deep muscle; runs horizontally through the axilla to proximal end of anterior humerus
subscapularis
85
the ak motions of spin, glide, and roll help with
keeping the humerus articulating with glenoid fossa
86
deltoid has a _____ line of pull and pulls ____ against acromion process
vertical; upward
87
humeral head rolls superiorly across glenoid fossa and glides inferior; accomplished by rotator cuff muscles
abduction
88
rotator cuff muscles are essential for ___
movement and stability
89
in addition to abducting, the supraspinatus _____
pulls head into glenoid fossa
90
shoulder abduction can only be performed if shoulder is _____
laterally rotated
91
subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor pull head in and downward against glenoid fossa to counteract the upward pull of the ____
deltoids
92
shoulder laterally rotated then abduct; greater tubercle rotated from under acromion process- medially rotated or neutral
"open can"
93
medially rotate arm then abduct with thumb pointed down
empty can
94
anterior deltoid, pectoralis (clavicular) muscles perform
flexion
95
posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major (sternal) muscles perform ____
extension
96
latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid perform
hyperextension
97
deltoid, supraspinatus perform
abduction
98
pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi perform
adduction
99
posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres minor perform
horizontal abduction
100
pectoralis major, anterior deltoid perform
horizontal adduction
101
infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid perform
lateral rotation
102
latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis, pectoralis major, anterior deltoid perform
medial rotation
103
____ coupled with ____ creates normal joint motion
ak motion; ok motion
