Ch 11/12 Flashcards
(304 cards)
1
Q
dys-
A
bad abnormal painful difficult
2
Q
en-
A
within over above on top
3
Q
epi-
A
upon over above on top
4
Q
hypo-
A
deficient low below
5
Q
poly-
A
excessive many over
6
Q
azot/o
A
urea/nitrogen
7
Q
blast/o
A
germ/bud/developing cell
8
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder/sac
9
Q
glomerul/o
A
little ball/glomerus
10
Q
hemat/o
A
blood
11
Q
hydr/o
A
water
12
Q
lith/o
A
stone
13
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
14
Q
py/o
A
pus
15
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
16
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
17
Q
spadias/o
A
rip/tear
18
Q
sten/o
A
narrow
19
Q
ur/o
A
urine
20
Q
ureter/o
A
ureter
21
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
22
Q
-al
A
pertaining to
23
Q
-cele
A
hernia/swelling/protrusion
24
Q
-iasis
A
condition of
25
-ic
pertaining to
26
-emia
condition of blood
27
-megaly
abnormally large
28
-oma
tumor
29
-osis
condition of
30
-pathy
disease
31
-ptosis
drooping
32
-sis
state of
33
-uresis
urination
34
-uria
pertaining to urine or urination
35
-gram
record/image
36
-graphy
recording process
37
-logy
study or science of
38
-lysis
loosen/dissolve
39
-pexy
surgical fixation/suspension
40
-plasty
surgical repair
41
-rrhaphy
suturing
42
-scopy
process of viewing
43
-stomy
surgical creation of an opening
44
-tomy
incision/to cut
45
-tripsy
surgical crushing
46
andr/o
male
47
balan/o
glans penis
48
Crypt/o
hidden
49
epididym/o
epididymis
50
orchi/o orchid/o
testis
51
prostat/o
prostate gland
52
varic/o
dilated vein
53
-ism
condition or disease
54
-plasia
formation, growth
55
an-
without absence of
56
hyper-
excessive abnormally high above
57
para-
alongside abnormal
58
anti-
against opposite of
59
trans-
accross through beyond
60
vas/o
vessel
61
vesicul/o
small bag
62
-al
pertaining to
63
colp/o vagin/o
vagina sheath/vagina
64
mamm/o mast/o
breast
65
men/o
month menstruation
66
metr/o metr/i
uterus
67
olig/o
few in number
68
py/o
pus
69
salping/o
trumpet; fallopian tube
70
a-
without absence of
71
-algia
condition of pain
72
-dynia
condition of pain
73
-rrhagia
abnormal discharge
74
-rrhea
discharge
75
-salpinx
trumpet, fallopian tube
76
pre-
to come before
77
fibr/o
fiber
78
hyster/o
uterus
79
lei/o
smooth
80
my/o
muscle
81
oophor/o
ovary
82
ovar/o
ovary
83
rect/o
rectum
84
vesic/o
bladder
85
vulv/o
vulva
86
-al
pertaining to
87
-atresia
closure of absence of a normal body opening
88
-ia
condition of
89
-ic
pertaining to
90
-s
plural
91
endo-
within
92
episi/o
vulva
93
gyn/o gynec/o
woman
94
lapar/o
abdomen
95
son/o
sound
96
-logist
one who studies
97
amni/o
amnion
98
cyes/o
pregnancy
99
gravid/o
pregnancy
100
lact/o
milk
101
pseud/o
false
102
toc/o
birth
103
-cyesis
pregnancy
104
-emesis
vomiting
105
-rrhea
discharge
106
blast/o
germ bud developing cell
107
erythr/o
red
108
fet/o
fetus
109
plasm/o
form
110
tox/o
poison
111
-sis
state of
112
epi-
upon over above on top
113
abort/o
miscarry
114
dur/o
hard
115
fet/o
fetus
116
obstetr/o
midwife
117
-ician
one who practices
118
-metry
measurement or process of measuring
119
-centesis
surgical puncture
120
general term for disease affecting only males
andropathy
121
condition of without testes
anorchism
122
inflammation of glans penis
balanitis
123
men over 50 prostate enlarges constricting urethra passing through it
benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH
124
condition of undescended testis
cryptorchidism
125
inflammation of the epididymis
epididymitis
126
when epididymis and tested are inflamed
orchiepididymitis
127
inability to achieve an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse
erectile dysfunction ED
128
swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation
hydrocele
129
a hardness, or induration of the erectile tissue within the penis is condition known as
Peyronie disease
130
narrowing of urethral opening when the prepuce (foreskin) covers the distal end of glands penis congenital condition
phimosis
131
prepuce
foreskin
132
glans penis becomes strangulated
parahimosis
133
abnormally persistent erection of the penis often accompanied by pain and tenderness. most common cause is drug overdose
priapism
134
cancer originating from testis
testicular carcinoma
135
when spermatic cord gets twisted causing backup of fluids and reduced blood flow to the epididymis and testis if not corrected in few hrs by surgery testicular tissue can die
testicular torsion
136
herniation of the veins within the spermatic cord
varicocele
137
collection of therapies that address erectile dysfunction
anti-impotence therapy
138
surgical repair of the glans penis
balanoplasty
139
common routine procedure of removal of the prepuce
circumcision
140
physical exam that involves insertion of a finger into the rectum to feel the size and shape of the prostate gland through the wall of the rectum
digital rectal examination
DRE
141
surgical removal of a hydrocele
hydrocelectomy
142
surgical removal of a testis
orchiectomy
143
surgical fixation of a testis is sometimes required to draw an undescended testis into the scrotum
orchidopexy
144
general term for a surgical repair of a testis
orchidoplasty
145
surgical insertion of a prosthesis or artifical device to correct erectile dysfunction
penile implants
146
surgical removal of prostate gland
prostatectomy
147
clinical test that measures levels of the protein prostate-specific antigen in the blood
prostate specific antigen PSA
148
procedure that treats BPH through minimal invasive removal of prostate tissue
transurethral resection of the prostate gland
149
dept treats urinary tract problems
urology
150
surgical removal of vessel of vas deferens to block flow of semen
vasectomy
151
surgery to reverse a vasectomy
vasovasostomy
152
procedure to remove the seminal vesicles which are male glands thst contribute to the formation of semen
vesiculectomy
153
malignant tumor arising from breast tissue
breast cancer
154
cells of the cervix may undergo abnormal change in a process called dysplasia which cells begin to divide rapidly snd produce oddly shaped cells
carcinoma in situ (CIS)
155
in site
situ
156
malignant tumor of the cervix
cervical cancer
157
inflammation of the cervix is condition
cervicitis
158
protrusion of urinary bladder against the wall of the vagina may occur if the attachments between the two organs weaken
cystocele
159
malignant tumor arising from the endometrial tissue lining uterus
endometrial cancer
160
physician specializing in urinary disease
urologist
161
medical field specializing in health and disease of kidney
nephrology
162
physician specializing in kidney disease
nephrologist
163
nephrology is sub speciality of internal medicine also refered to as
renal medicine
164
abnormal growth of endometrial tissue
endometriosis
165
inflammation of the endometrium
endometritis
166
one or more benign fibrous cysts develop in breast
fibrocystic breast disease
167
abnormal tube like passage from one organ or cavity to another
fistulas
168
closure of the uterus
hysteratresia
169
muscular wall of uterus is origin of benign tumors known as
leiomyomas
170
inflammation of the breast
mastitis
171
breast abnormally pendulous or drooping
mastoptosis
172
pendulous
hanging loosely
173
disease of ovary
oophoropathy
174
inflammation of ovary
oophoritis
175
most lethal form of reproductive cancer
ovarian cancer
176
cyst on ovary usually benign and asymptomatic
ovarian cyst
177
inflammation involving some or all of the female organs within pelvic cavity
pelvic inflammatory disease
178
collection of symptoms 10 days preceding period irritability beeast pain edema headache nervous tension
pre-menstrual syndrome
179
uterus becomes displaced to droop downward into the vagina
prolapsed uterus
or hysteroptosis
180
inflammation of fallopian tube
salpingitis
181
protrusion or herniation of a fallopian tube
salpingocele
182
inflammation of the vagina
vaginitis
183
inflammation of the external genitals or vulva
vulvitis or when vagina is also inflamed vulvovaginitis
184
cone shaped section of cervix is removed as common treatment for precancerous condition
cervical conization
185
removal of cervix
cervicectomy
186
removal of vagina
colpectomy
or vaginectomy
187
surgical repair of vagina
colpoplasty
188
colpoplasty often includes suturing the wall of the vagina in procedure called
colporrhaphy
189
common procedure used for diagnostic and treatment purposes (cervix dilated insert spoon-shaped instrument called a curette used to scrape the lining of the endometrium)
dilation and curettage
190
surgical removal of tissue (ablation) if endometrium requires more treatment then d and c
endometrial ablation
191
study of disease that afflict women
gynopathology
192
hormones estrogen and progesterone prescribed in pill form and most effective means of female contraception for prevention of unwanted pregnancy
hormone replacement therapy
193
surgical removal of uterus
hysterectomy
194
surgical procedure used to correct position of prolapsed uterus by strengthening connections to abdominal wall
hysteropexy
195
noninvasive diagnostic technique to evaluate uterine cavity
hysteroscopy
196
evaluate external appearance of uterus and other organs of pelvic cavity inserted with small incision in lower abdominal wall
laparoscopy
197
X-ray of the breast
mammography
198
surgical repair of one or more breasts
mammoplasty
199
removal of breast tissue
mastectomy
200
surgical removal of ovary
oophorectomy
201
Common diagnostic procedure that screens for precancerous cervical dysplasia in cervical cancer
pap smear or papanicolaou smear
202
surgical removal of fallopian tube
salpingectomy
203
surgical fixation of fallopian tube
salpingopexy
204
noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound waves to visualize the uterus within the pelvic cavity
sonohysterography
205
Ultrasound probe inserted through the vagina to record images of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes
Transvaginal sonography
206
fallopian tubes are severed and closed to prevent the migration of sperm upward into tubes
tubal litigation
207
Instrument used during a gynaecological exam
vaginal speculum
208
surgical removal of the vulva
vulvectomy
209
premature separation of placenta from uterine wall
abruptio placentae
210
abnormal birth which butt feet or knees appear to birth canal first
breech presentation
211
abnormality present at birth
congenital anomaly
212
circulatory disorder the place is a prison woman and her child out risk is called pregnancy induced, hypertension, characterized by high blood pressure protein, urea Adema, all due to toxaemia during pregnancy can be worse, and if the blood pressure guitar to cause convulsions, and possibly, and death
eclampsia
213
pregnancy occurring outside the uterus
ectopic pregnancy
214
Condition of neonate or newborns, in which red blood cells are destroyed due to an incompatibility between the mothers blood and babies. Blood occurs when mother has Rh negative and has previously had Rh plus Child.
erythroblastosis fetalis
or hemolytic disease of the newborn
215
Neonatal condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption by mother during pregnancy is known as
Foetal alcohol syndrome
216
Lung disorder of newborns particular preemies, in which certain cells of the lungs fail to mature causes lung to collapse and can result in suffocation
neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
217
condition which placenta is abnormally attached to the uterine wall in the lower portion of the uterus
placenta previa
218
Caused by protozoan toxoplasma Gandhi may be contracted by exposure to animal faeces
toxoplasmosis
219
Termination of pregnancy by expulsion of the embryo or foetus from the uterus
abortion
220
natural expulsion of embryo or fetus from uterus
miscarriage or spontaneous abortion
or therapeutic induced if drugs used
221
drugs that induce therapeutic abortion
abortifacient
222
Procedure, that involves penetration of the amnion with a syringe, an aspiration of a small amount of amniotic fluid for analysis
Amniocentesis
223
Midwife medical field is discipline concern with prenatal development, pregnancy, childbirth, and a postpartum. Period
Obstetrics
224
Physician, practising in the field of obstetrics
Obstetrician
225
Procedure that measures the size of a foetus
fetometry
226
to reduce pain during childbirth, a patient may request an anaesthetic injected into the epidural space to block sensation from pelvic region
epidural
227
An incision through the tissues to widen the vaginal opening during childbirth
Episiotomy
228
An alternative to non-surgical birth accomplish surgically, making an incision to the abdomen and uterus
cesarean section
229
Literally means against conception or prevention of birth
contraception
230
Condition of without breast but with areola and nipple
amastia
or poly mastia if person has more than 2 elevated areas on chest with areola and nipple
231
Surgery performed to stabilize the position of the urinary bladder
vesicourethral suspension
232
Surgical creation of an opening through the urethra
Urethrostomy
233
urethrotomy includes incision into the wall of the urethra called
urethrotomy
234
Surgical repair of the urethra
urethroplasty
235
Surgical fixation of the urethra
urethropexy
236
Measurement of the density of substances, in liquid compared to water. Your example helps to reveal the efficiency of renal filtration and reabsorption of water.
specific gravity
237
Surgical removal of a ureter
ureterectomy
238
Surgical creation of an external opening from the ureter to the body surface
ureterostomy
239
ureterostomy procedure includes incision in wall of ureter
ureterotomy
240
Radioactive materials, highlight internal details of the kidney doing an exam that uses nuclear medicine injection of radioactive material into the patients kidney
renography
241
Replacement of a dysfunctional kidney with a donor kidney is the surgery called
renal transplant
242
Surgical repair of the renal pelvis
pyeloplasty
243
Surgery performed to remove the stone from the renal pelvis involves an incision into the kidney and is called a
pyelolithotomy
244
X-ray image of the renal pelvis
pyelogram
245
Obtaining an image where the procedure involves injection of contrast, medium into the ureter, using a cystoscope as x-rays taken at moves in a direction opposite from the norm
Retrograde pyelogram
if iodine is used as contrast medium its intravenous pyelogram
246
Procedure, which processes, fluids and electrolytes by artificial filtration, as a cleansing treatment to compensate for kidney failure, removes toxins in other ways as a replacement for kidney function
peritoneal dialysis
247
diagnostic procedure that images, the kidney with sectional x-rays to observe internal details of kidney structure
nephrotomogram
248
procedure that surgically creates an opening through the body wall and into a kidney
nephrostomy
249
nephrostomy established to allow catheter to be inserted from the exterior to the renal pelvis for urine drainage and is also called
pyelostomy
250
ultrasound procedure provides image of kidney for diagnostic analysis
nephrosonography
251
visual exam of a kidneys interior performed in procedure known as
nephroscopy
252
Surgical fixation of a kidney
nephropexy
253
Surgical procedure, during which abnormal adhesions are removed from a kidney loosening the organ
nephrolysis
254
medical field that studies and treats disorders associated with the kidneys
nephrology
255
x-ray image of the kidney obtained in the procedure nephrography
nephrogram
256
x-ray technique producing an image of a kidney after injection of a contrast, medium or dye
nephrography
257
surgical removal of kidney
nephrectomy
258
Surgical technique applies, concentrated sound waves to pulverize or dissolve stones into smaller pieces that may then pass with urine through the urethra
lithotripsy
259
Popular procedure, using ultrasonic energy from an instrument outside of the body, directed onto stones, too large to pass through the urethra pulverizing stones into tiny particles
ESWL extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
260
dissolving through
dialysis
261
Procedure that pushes a patient’s blood through permeable membranes with an instrument to artificially remove nitrogenous waste. An axis ions are accumulate during normal body metabolism temporary really replacing the function of kidney filtration.
hemodialysis
262
Surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electric current
fulguration
263
Incision through urinary bladder wall
cystotomy
264
Surgical creation of an artificial opening into the urinary bladder
cystostomy
265
Most common sister stole me procedure word incision is me just above the pubic bone and a catheter is inserted through the skin of the urinary bladder
supra pubic cystomy
266
Procedure using a modified endoscope to view the interior of the urinary bladder
cystoscopy
267
suturing urinary bladder wall procedure
cystorrhaphy
268
surgical repair of urinary bladder
cystoplasty
269
procedure, which an incision is made to the urinary bladder wall to remove a stone
cystolithotomy
270
X-ray procedure producing an image of the urinary bladder with injection of a contrast, medium or die
cystography
271
x-ray image of a cystography
cystogram
272
if a cystography includes both ureters its called a
cystoureterogram
if its urethra its a cystourethrogram
273
xray taken before during and after urination to observe bladder function
voiding cystourethrogram
274
surgical removal of urinary bladder
cystectomy
275
protein normal component of urine and by product of muscle metabolism
creatinine
276
Clinical lab test measures urea concentration in sample of blood as indicator of kidney function
blood urea nitrogen BUN
277
Infection of urinary organs usually urethra in the urinary bladder
urinary tract infection
278
Abnormal accumulation of urine within urinary bladder
urinary retention
279
Presence of one or more stones, or calculi within a ureter
ureterolithiasis
280
herniated ureter
ureterocele
281
inflammation if a ureter
ureteritis
282
Failure of kidneys to remove urea and is associated with renal insufficiency or renal failure
uremia
283
condition of abnormal narrowing
stricture
284
Serious, inflammatory condition of one or more of the kidneys
pyelonephritis
285
inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyelitis
286
presence of numerous cysts in kidneys
polycystic kidney disease
287
downward placement of drooping of kidney
nephroptosis
288
A severe condition of a kidney that leads to end stage kidney disease is generally called
nephropathy
289
presence of one kr more stones within a kidney
nephrolithiasis
290
Tumour originating from kidney tissue includes developing embryonic cells
wilms tumor or nephroblastoma
291
Inability to control urination
Incontinence 
292
Involuntary discharge of urine occurring during a cough sneeze or strained movement
Stress incontinence
293
Inflammation of a kidney
Nephritis
294
Change in location of the urinary meatus is ventral in males opens on underside of penis females the metres is within the vagina
hypospadias
295
If exit of urine out of the kidneys, becomes blocked by an obstruction in her, ureter the urinal back up to cause distension of the renal pelvis
hydronephrosis
296
Inflammation of the glomeruli
glomerulonephritis
297
Congenital defect resulting in the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus
epispadias
298
Involuntary release of urine, which usually occurs due to a lack of bladder control among children or older adults
enuresis
299
Failure of both kidneys to form urine for many causes life-threatening condition
end stage kidney disease or renal failure
300
A stone or calculus in the urinary bladder
Cystolith
301
rapid onset disease of kidneys resulting in a failure to produce urine
acute kidney injury (AKI)
302
inflammation of urinary bladder
cystitis
303
herniation of urinary bladder
cystocele
304
surgical removal of tissue
ablation
