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Fundamentals & Clinical Procedures > Ch 11 - Administration of Medication and Intravenous Therapy > Flashcards

Ch 11 - Administration of Medication and Intravenous Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

elixir

A

a drug that is dissolved in a solution of alcohol and water
sweetened and flavored
taken orally

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2
Q

emulsion

A

mixture of fats or oils in water

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3
Q

liniment

A

a drug combined with oil, soap, alcohol, or water

Produces heat when applied externally with friction

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4
Q

lotion

A

aqueous preparation that contains suspended ingredients. used to treat external skin conditions.

soothe, protect, moisten skin and destroy harmful bacteria

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5
Q

solution

A

liquid preparation that contains one or more completely dissolved substances

dissolved substance/solute into the solvent

parenteral injections

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6
Q

spirit

A

drug combined alcoholic solution that is volatile

volatile substances evaporates readily

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7
Q

spray

A

a fine stream of medicated vapor

throat and nose

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8
Q

suspension

A

solid insoluble drug particles in a liquid

must be shaken before administration

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9
Q

suspension aerosol

A

pressurized form of solid aerosol or liquid drug particles suspended in gas to be dispensed as a mist

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10
Q

syrup

A

dissolved in sugar, water, sometimes flavoring

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11
Q

tincture

A

dissolved in a solution of alcohol or alcohol and water

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12
Q

examples of schedule I drugs

A 
GHB
heroin
LSD
MDMA
mescaline
methaqualone
psilocybin
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13
Q

superscription

A

abbreviation Rx

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14
Q

inscription

A

states the name of the drug and dose

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15
Q

subscription

A

directions for pharmacist

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16
Q

signatura

A

directions to patients for taking meds

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17
Q

information in medication record

A 
PT name and birth
drug allergies
date medications prescribed or date started
dated ended
name and dose of meds
frequency
route
medication category
refills
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18
Q

idiosyncratic reaction

A

abnormal response to drug that is unexplained and unpredictable

elderly at risk

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19
Q

official name

A

name listed in official publications
USP or NF
Official publications set specific standards to regulate the strength, purity, packaging, safety, labeling, and dosage form of each drug

the generic name is frequently used for the official name

20
Q

list when to check the drug label three times before administering

A

removing meds from storage
while preparing meds
after preparing meds

21
Q

what syringe is used to administer intramuscular injections?

A

hypodermic syringes

2, 2.5, 3, 5 mL sizes

22
Q

what is the most common type of insulin syringe?

A

U-100

which is calibrated in increments of 2

23
Q

what are other names for the TB test?

A

Mendel-Mantoux - Tubersol, Apilsol
tuberculin sensitivity
PPD - purified protein derivative
Pirquet

24
Q

what is the liquid used for reconstituting a medication?

A

sterile water or normal saline

25
Q

example of a reconstituted medication?

A

measles mumps rubella vaccine

26
Q

what sites are used for subcutaneous injections?

A 
upper lateral part of arms
anterior thigh
upper back
abdomen
flank

absorption occurs mainly from capillaries resulting in a slower absorption rate than IM

avoid grossly adipose, hardened, inflamed, or edematous

27
Q

sites for intramuscular injections

A

dorsogluteal - lateral upper behind below hip bone
vastus lateralis - middle anterior thigh
ventrogluteal - side of hip
deltoid

28
Q

how to find the dorsalgluteal site?

A

upper outer quadrant
palpate the greater trochanter and posterior superior iliac spine

or locate upper outer quadrant about 2-3 inches below iliac crest

to avoid sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery

PT must be older than 3 yrs

meds up to 3 mL

29
Q

vastus lateralis site

A

thick muscle
not near major nerves or blood vessels
good for infants and children younger than 3 yrs
whose gluteal muscles are not well developed

one handbreath below the greater trochanter
one handbreath above knee

30
Q

purpose of Z track method

A

medications that are irritating to the subq or skin or discoloration using a zigzag method to displace seal needle track so meds cannot seep back into needle

dorsogluteal
ventrogluteal
vastus lateralis

31
Q

what is tuberculosis

A

infectious bacterial disease by mycobacterium tuberculosis

affects lungs - pulmonary tuberculosis
other body parts - extrapulmonary tuberculosis

destroys tissue

32
Q

induration

A

abnormally raised hardened area with clearly defined margins caused by accumulation of small sensitized lymphphocytes

eg. wheal

33
Q

how to store tuberculin PPD solution?

A

kept in dark

refrigerator at 35 F- 46 F

34
Q

QuantiFERON - TB GOLD

A

QFT-G
blood test to check for M. tuberculosis
cannot differentiate between active or latent forms
needs further testing such as chest radiograph, microbiological examination, culture of PT’s sputum

35
Q

how to determine a negative PPD test

A

erythema present without induration

36
Q

Procedure 11.7 administering an intradermal injection

A

sanitize hands
greet PT, introduce self, confirm name and DOB

select injection site: anterior forearm or middle of back

find and cleanse area with antiseptic wipe

apply gloves and remove needle guard
hold skin taut

insert needle 10-15 degrees angle
insert needle 1/8 inch until bevel just penetrates skin
no aspiration needed

release skin inject solution slowly and steadily until a wheal forms

place guaze over and remove needle

dipose needle into sharps container

remove gloves, sanitize hands, document

37
Q

Procedure 11.6 Z-track IM injection

A

obvious first steps then

apply gloves remove needle guard
pull skin away laterally with nondom hand
inject 1 -1.5 inches away

insert needle at 90 degree angle
aspirate to check for blood, if none then continue

inject medication slow and steady
wait 10 seconds

release skin then withdraw needle quickly

do not apply pressure to site to prevent meds seeping out

lock dipose needle. etc.

38
Q

list the six sections of the Physicians’ Desk Reference

A 
manufacturer's index - pharmaceutical manufacturers
brand and generic name index
product category index - action on body
product identification guide - photo
product information - main section
39
Q

filter needles or spinal tap

A

18 gauge

40
Q

length, gauge, usual syringe size and volume for intradermal injections

A

length: 3/8” to 1/2”
gauge: 25 to 27
usual syringe size: 1 mL
volume: 0.01 to 1 mL

41
Q

length, gauge, usual syringe size and volume for subcutaneous injections

A

length: 1/2” to 5/8”
gauge: 26 to 32
usual syringe size: 1 mL
volume: 0.5 - 1 to 2 mL per Pharmacology book

42
Q

length, gauge, usual syringe size and volume for intramuscular injections

A

length: 1” to 2”
gauge: 20 to 23
usual syringe size: 3 mL
volume: 0.5 to 3 mL

43
Q

the reason for enteric-coating a tablet is to

A

prevent the medication from irritating the stomach lining

44
Q

the name assigned by the pharmaceutical company that first develop a drug

A

generic name

45
Q

what is the maximal amount of medication that can be administered through the subcutaneous route?

A

1 mL per CP book

Fundamentals & Clinical Procedures (12 decks)

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