Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System

Question 0

Cardiac muscle, responsible for contractions

Answer 0

Myocardium

Question 1

Attaches to the surface of the heart

Aka visceral pericardium

Answer 1

Epicardium (outer layer of heart)

Question 2

Endothelial tissue, continuous with the lining of the blood vessels

Answer 2

Endocardium

Question 3

Valves on the right side of the heart are…

Answer 3

Tricuspid

Question 4

Valves on the left side of the heart are…

Answer 4

Bicuspid

Question 5

Valves open during ventricular contraction?

Answer 5

Semilunar valves

Question 6

Valves closed during ventricular contraction?

Answer 6

AV valves

Question 7

Prevent blood from reentering the heart

Answer 7

Semilunar valves

Question 8

Guards exit at the pulmonary artery

Answer 8

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 9

Guards (heart) exit at the aorta

Answer 9

Aortic semilunar valve

Question 10

Attaches to surface of the heart

Aka epicardium

Answer 10

Visceral pericardium

Question 11

Attaches to thoracic cavity wall

Answer 11

Parietal pericardium

Question 12

What directly connects to a capillary?

Answer 12

Arterioles and venules

Question 13

Main artery that supplies the systemic circulation with blood?

Answer 13

Aorta

Question 14

Blood vessels that take blood to the vena cava are…

Answer 14

Systemic veins

Question 15

What arteries carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 15

Systemic arteries

Question 16

What arteries carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 16

Pulmonary arteries

Question 17

What veins carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 17

Pulmonary veins

Question 18

What veins carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 18

Systemic veins

Question 19

Where is the SA node located?

Answer 19

Right atrium

Question 20

Junction between the atria and ventricles

Answer 20

AV node

Question 21

Only site where any gas/nutrient exchange can occur in tissues

Answer 21

Capillary

Question 22

What type of blood enters the right atrium?

Answer 22

Deoxygenated

Question 23

What type of blood enters the left atrium?

Answer 23

Oxygenated

Question 24

Why is the left ventricle wall thicker?

Answer 24

It has to pump blood to the body

Question 25

"Heart strings" | Holds cusps to heart wall

Answer 25

Chordea tendinae

Question 26

Type of tunic that lines inside of the vessels; squamous epithelial (lines inner layer of vessels); cells are loose; slick surface to reduce friction

Answer 26

Tunica intima

Question 27

Type of tunic that is the middle layer; smooth muscle, changes blood pressure as vessels constrict/dilate

Answer 27

Tunica media

Question 28

Type of tunic that is the outer layer; fibrous connective tissue; supports/protects

Answer 28

Tunica externa

Question 29

How does the myocardium receive its own blood supply?

Answer 29

Through coronary arteries

Question 30

What blood vessels empty into the right atrium?

Answer 30

Superior and inferior vena cava/coronary sinus

Question 31

Region (of heart) that points toward left hip

Answer 31

Apex

Question 32

Wider region toward top of heart where large vessels branch off; points toward right shoulder

Answer 32

Base

Question 33

Divides atria

Answer 33

Interatrial septum

Question 34

Divides ventricles

Answer 34

Interventricular septum

Question 35

Drains the myocardium of un oxygenated blood

Answer 35

Coronary veins

Question 36

The coronary veins empty into...

Answer 36

Coronary sinus

Question 37

Atrial cells: BPM?

Answer 37

60 BPM

Question 38

Ventricular cells: BPM?

Answer 38

20-40 BPM

Question 39

Speed up or slows down heart rate in response to activity?

Answer 39

Autonomic nervous system

Question 40

List the 5 parts of the intrinsic conduction system in sequential order:

Answer 40

-SA node -AV node -Atrioventricular bundle -bundle branches Purkinje fibers

Question 41

Ventricular relaxation; measures minimum pressure

Answer 41

Diastole

Question 42

Ventricular contraction; measures maximum pressure

Answer 42

Systole

Question 43

Similarities between veins and arteries?

Answer 43

Both carry blood

Question 44

Differences between veins and arteries?

Answer 44

Veins: low pressure, carry blood towards heart, thinner walls, have valves, insides=larger Arteries: carry blood away from heart, higher pressure, thicker walls to spend to accommodate blood

Question 45

Two types of arteries that branch off from the aorta?

Answer 45

Systemic and coronary

Question 46

Decrease in serous fluid, forms adhesions (disorder)

Answer 46

Pericarditis

Question 47

Chest pain; lack of oxygen in the myocardium (disorder)

Answer 47

Angina pectoris

Question 48

'Heart attack,' death of heart cells (disorder)

Answer 48

Myocardial infarction

Question 49

Heart defect where there are structural abnormalities (1/2 infant deaths) (disorder)

Answer 49

Congestive heart failure

Question 50

Thickening and toughening of arterial walls

Answer 50

Arteriosclerosis