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Anatomy, F Mod > Chapter 5-Quest 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 5-Quest 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Cube-shaped

A

Short (carpals, tarsals)

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1
Q

Longer than wide

A

Long bone (femur, humerus)

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2
Q

Thin and flattened

A

Flat (skull, sternum)

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3
Q

Odd-shaped

A

Irregular (vertebra, scapular)

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4
Q

Near joints

A

Sesamoid (patella)

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5
Q

Shaft, compact bone

A

Diaphysis

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6
Q

Composes walls of diaphysis, dense and hard

A

Compact bone

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7
Q

Membrane that lines the diaphysis

A

Periosteum

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8
Q

Ends of bone made of spongy bone

A

Epiphyses

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9
Q

Open space, needle-like pieces

A

Spongy bone

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10
Q

Hyaline cartilage that lines epiphyses and absorbs shock

A

Articular cartilage

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11
Q

Growth plate

A

Epiphyseal plate

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12
Q

Remnant of growth plate

A

Epiphyseal line

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13
Q

Hollow region of diaphysis filled with red or yellow marrow

A

Medullary cavity

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14
Q

Fat in adults (type of marrow)

A

Yellow marrow

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15
Q

Blood cell formation in kids (type of marrow)

A

Red marrow

16
Q

Mature bone cell

A

Osteocyte

17
Q

Cavities in matrix where bone cells are found

A

Lacunae

18
Q

Lacunae arranged in concentric circles

A

Lamellae

19
Q

“Tiny canals” connect osteocytes to central canal

A

Canaliculi

20
Q

(Haversian), opening for vessels/nerves

A

Central canal

21
Q

Central canal, matrix rings, lamella, lacunae, osteocytes

A

Osteon

22
Q

Perpendicular to shaft–communication to outside of bone

A

Volkmann’s canals

23
Q

Bone-forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

24
Q

Bone-destroying cells

A

Osteoclasts

25
Q

Bone forms from connective tissue (face, cranial, bones, clavicles)

A

Intramembranous ossification

26
Q

Bone replaces hyaline cartilage

A

Endochondral ossification

27
Q

Factors that affect bone growth/development

A

Hormones, genetics, exercise

28
Q

Bone breaks cleanly, closed fracture

A

Simple fracture

29
Q

Bone protrudes through skin, open fracture

A

Compound fracture

30
Q

Bone breaks into fragments, elderly brittle bones

A

Comminuted fracture

31
Q

Bone is crushed, back bones; porous bones

A

Compression fracture

32
Q

Broken bone is pressed inwards, skull fracture

A

Depression fracture

33
Q

Broken bone ends are forced into each other, breaking falls (hips, outstretched arms)

A

Impacted fractures

34
Q

Jagged break, twisting force, common in sports

A

Spiral fracture

35
Q

Bone breaks incompletely, children (bones are more flexible)

A

Greenstick fracture

36
Q

Fracture repair steps

A
  1. Fracture hematoma
  2. Internal callus
  3. External callus
  4. Internal and external calli meet
37
Q

Fracture repair steps explained

A
  1. Blood filled swelling
  2. (48 hours after) forms cartilage matrix inside
  3. Hyaline cartilage and bone forms around break
  4. Remodeling occurs until no evidence of fracture remains

Anatomy, F Mod (17 decks)

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