CH. 11: Disease & Disorder Terms

Question 1

appendicitis

Answer 1

inflammation of the appendix

Question 2

cheilitis

Answer 2

inflammation of the lips

Question 3

cholangioma

Answer 3

tumor of the bile duct

Question 4

cholecystitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 5

choledocholithiasis

Answer 5

condition of stones in the common bile duct

Question 6

cholelithiasis

Answer 6

condition of gallstones

Question 7

colitis

Answer 7

inflammation of the colon

Question 8

diverticulitis

Answer 8

inflammation of a diverticulum

Question 9

diverticulosis

Answer 9

abnormal condition of having diverticula

Question 10

dysentery

disorder [inflammation –> intestines usu. large], ass. w/ AP & D [bloody]

Answer 10

painful intestines (disorder that involves inflammation of the intestines, usu. the large intestine, associated with abdominal pain and diarrhea that is often bloody)

Question 11

enteritis

Answer 11

inflammation of the intestines

Question 12

enteropathy

Answer 12

disease of the intestines

Question 13

esophagitis

Answer 13

inflammation of the esophagus

Question 14

gastritis

Answer 14

inflammation of the stomach

Question 15

gastroenteritis

Answer 15

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

Question 16

gingivitis

Answer 16

inflammation of the gums

Question 17

glossitis

Answer 17

inflammation of the tongue

Question 18

hepatitis

Answer 18

inflammation of the liver

Question 19

hepatoma

Answer 19

tumor of the liver

Question 20

pancreatitis

Answer 20

inflammation of the pancreas

Question 21

peritonitis

Answer 21

inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 22

polyposis

Answer 22

abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps (in the mucous membrane of the intestine, esp. the colon)

Question 23

proctitis

Answer 23

inflammation of the rectum

Question 24

rectocele

Answer 24

hernia of the rectum

Question 25

sialolith

Answer 25

stone in the salivary gland

Question 26

steatohepatitis | ass. w/ EF; AA & O; over time --> cirrhosis

Answer 26

inflammation of the liver associated with (excess) fat; (often caused by alcohol abuse and obesity; over time may lead to cirrhosis)

Question 27

stomatitis

Answer 27

inflammation of the mouth (mucous membrane)

Question 28

uvulitis

Answer 28

inflammation of the uvula

Question 29

adhesion | growing together [2 PS norm. separate]; after abdom. surgery; treatment --> [2]

Answer 29

abnormal growing together of two peritoneal surfaces that normally are separated; may occur after abdominal surgery. Surgical treatment is called adhesiolysis or adhesiotomy.

Question 30

``` celiac disease (malabsorption syndrome [immune reaction --> gluten --> small intestine lining damage, FA bloodstream], multisystem disorder w/ S&S [9]; pruritic SR aka DH --> ass. w/ CD [also called what?]) ```

Answer 30

malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten (a protein in wheat, rye, and barley), which may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream; considered a multisystem disorder with varying signs and symptoms, including abdominal bloating and pain, chronic diarrhea or constipation, steatorrhea (excessive fat in the stool), vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, and iron deficiency anemia; a pruritic skin rash known as dermatitis herpetiformis may be associated with celiac disease (also called gluten enteropathy)

Question 31

cirrhosis | [chronic] disease [liver] --> GD of cells/scar tissue form.; caused by what? [2]

Answer 31

chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism and certain types of viral hepatitis

Question 32

Crohn disease | [chronic] inflammation [IT] usu. --> [2]; cobblestone ulcerations/scar tissue formation --> IO [also called what?]

Answer 32

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usu. affecting the ileum and colon; characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction (also called regional ileitis or regional enteritis)

Question 33

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | [backward] flow [GI contents] --> esophagus, causing what? [2]

Answer 33

abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus, causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus

Question 34

hemochromatosis | IM disorder; too much iron [absorbed --> food], iron deposits [tissue]; can cause what? [4]

Answer 34

iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue; can cause heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis, or cancer of the liver

Question 35

hemorrhoids | [swollen/distended] veins [rectum/anus], internal/external, RB & P

Answer 35

swollen or distended veins in the rectum or anus, which are called internal or external, respectively, and can be a source of rectal bleeding and pain.

Question 36

ileus | [nonmechanical] obstruction [intestine], peristalsis lack

Answer 36

nonmechanical obstruction of the intestine, caused by a lack of effective peristalsis (involuntary wavelike movements that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract)

Question 37

intussusception | prolapse, one intestine part [inside next part]; most common [infants]; symptoms [3]

Answer 37

prolapse of one part of the intestine inside the part next to it; most common in infants; symptoms may include intestinal blockage, abdominal pain with cramping, or a lump that can be felt from the outside.

Question 38

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) | [periodic] disturbances [BF] [2], usu. [abdom. pain]

Answer 38

periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation, usu. associated with abdominal pain

Question 39

obesity | condition, BMI, 30kg+

Answer 39

excess body fat, which increases body weight; a condition in which body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2. Overweight is defined as BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2. Morbid obesity is defined as a BMI over 40kg/m2.

Question 40

peptic ulcer | erosion [mucous mem. of what? 2], acid secretion, bac. infection, meds [NSAID --- often referred to as what?]

Answer 40

erosion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach, bacterial infection (H. pylori) or medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (often referred to as gastric or duodenal ulcer, depending on its location)

Question 41

polyp | [tumorlike] growth, outward [mucous mem.]; usu. what?; common sites are n, t, & i.

Answer 41

tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane; usu. benign; common sites are in the nose, throat, and intestines

Question 42

``` ulcerative colitis (UC) (disease, colon inflam., ulcer form., BD; proctocolectomy w/ PI --- no response to MT) ```

Answer 42

disease characterized by inflammation of the colon with formation of ulcers, which can cause bloody diarrhea. A proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy may become necessary if the patient doesn't respond to medical therapy.

Question 43

volvulus | twisting/kinking [of intestine] --- IO

Answer 43

twisting or kinking of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction