Ch 11- Pediatric Spleen Flashcards
(61 cards)
The Spleen is an ______ located in the _______.
1) intraperitoneal organ
2) LUQ
The spleen is part of the _______ system ( responsible for ____)
1) Reticuloendothelial system
2) Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is the engulfing & destroying of ________ & their _____, _____ & _____, & taking them out of the circulating blood
1) damaged/old cells
2)debris
3) foreign materail
4) Pathogens
The spleen is the _______ organ composed primarily of the _____ & it is a component of the _______. It is ______ for life.
1) largest lymphoid
2) lymph tissue
3) body’s defense system
4) not essential
The sonographic appearance of the spleen in the neonate is ____ or ____ relative to the kidneys. By the end of the first years of life, it becomes ____ relative to the kidneys.
1) Iso or
2)Hypoechoic
3)hyperechoic
The accessory spleen arises from failure of the ______ of ______ to fuse during development of the spleen, which results in _____ of splenic tissue
1) individual clumps
2) mesenchyme
3) small nodules
Accessory spleen is usually ____ & found at the ______.
1) single
2) splenic hilum
Accessory spleens are usually single, but they may also be ______ & located anywhere, especially along the____ or _____
1) Multiple
2) splenic vessels
3) omental layers
Splenic tissue may be found attached to the left ovary or scrotum due to the relationship of _____, _____ & _______
1) splenic
2) mesonephric
3) left gonadal development
Accessory spleen may atrophy if the _________
Spleen is removed
The spleen is highly mobile & on a long/absent pedicle. This may result in a _______
Wandering spleen
wandering spleen is common in _________ syndrome.
Prune- belly syndrome
In acute torsion, a large, hypoechoic spleen will be seen due to _____ & ______. In chronic torsion the spleen will be _____ & ______ to image
1) Infarction
2) congestion
3) small
4) difficult to image
Polysplenia, a heterotaxy syndrome with multiple splenules, is more common in ______
Females
Asplenia , or ______, absence of the spleen, is more common in ________ & diagnosed in _____
1) right isomerism
2) Males
3) neonates
With polysplenia, patient’s present with a ______ Liver, _____ bowel, _____ agenisis, ______atresia, _____ agenisis, bilat _____ & a interupted ______ with _______ or _________, ______ & a ________ pancreas
1) Midline liver
2) malrotated bowel
3) GB agenesis
4) Biliary atreasia
5) Renal agenesis
6) bilobed lungs
7) intrahepatic IVC
8) azygos or hemiazygos continuation
9) non-cyanotic heart disease
10) semi-annular panc ( AKA Left Isomerism)
Asplenia is associated with complex _______, _____ of the great vessels, ______ agenesis, Bilat ______, _____ , ______ kidney & ______ liver.
1) cyanotic congenital heart disease
2) transposition
3) GB
4) trilobed lungs
5)imperforate anus
6) horseshoe kidney
7) transverse liver
List the causes of Splenomegaly (11)
1) Hepatomegaly
2) leukemia
3) ECMO
4) infiltrative storage disorder
5) Mononucleosis
6) infection
7) focal lesions
8) portal HTN
9) heart failure
10) Lymphoma
11) hemolytic anemias
A small spleen may be due to ….
1) infarction due to wandering spleen or sickle cell
2) congenital absence or hypoplasia
3) partial splenectomy
4) Celiac disease
5) Fanconi anemia
(a rare inherited disorder, common in persons of Jewish decent & south Africans, that lead to bone marrow failure)
Splenic cyst may be congenital (__________) or acquired (_________). They may rupture & become _______.
1) true epithelial or epidermoid
2) false or pseudocyst ( poet-traumatic)
3) Infected
it is _______ to differentiate between congenital cyst & acquired cyst Sonographically.
not possible
Congenital cysts have an _____ lining & _____ walls.
1) epithelial lining
2) imperceptible walls
Cyst secondary to a hematoma or infective process will ________
have no epithelial lining
Post-traumatic cysts have _____ walls that may be ____
1) thicker walls
2) calcified
