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Medical Terminology Ch1-Ch11, Words & Abbv. > Ch. 11 - Terms and Abbv. > Flashcards

Ch. 11 - Terms and Abbv. Flashcards

1
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body

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2
Q

apex of the heart

A

lower tip of the heart

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3
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

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4
Q

artery

A

largest type of blood vessel;
carries blood AWAY from the heart to all the parts of the body

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5
Q

atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)

A

Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them.

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6
Q

atrioventricular node
(AV node)

A

specialized tissue in the wall between the atria.
Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle towards the ventricles.

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7
Q

atrium, atria

A

one of two upper chambers of the heart

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8
Q

capillary

A

smallest type of blood vessel.
Materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls.

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9
Q

carbon dioxide (CO2)

A

gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then the lungs for exhalation

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10
Q

carotid arteries

A

2 common ones located on each side of the neck branch from the aorta and provide blood to the head, neck and brain.

pressure on these arteries produces unconsciousness.

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11
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

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12
Q

deoxygenated blood

A

blood that is oxygen-poor

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13
Q

diastole

A

RELAXATION phase of the heartbeat

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14
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the elecrical activity of the heart

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15
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

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16
Q

endothelium

A

innermost lining of blood vessels

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17
Q

mitral valve

A

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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18
Q

murmur

A

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

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19
Q

myocardium

A

muscular middle layer of the heart

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20
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60-100 beats per minute

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21
Q

oxygen

A

gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

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22
Q

pacemaker (sinoatrial node)

A

specialised nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat.

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23
Q

pericardium

A

double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

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24
Q

pulmonary artery

A

artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

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25
pulmonary circulation
flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
26
pulmonary valve
valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
27
pulmonary vein
one of two paris of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
28
pulse
beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
29
septum, septa
partition or wall dividing a cavity; right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (intrerventricular septum)
30
sinoatrial node (SA node)
Pacemaker of the heart
31
sphygmomanometer
instrument to measure blood pressure
32
systemic circulation
flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to the body tissues
33
systole
CONTRACTION phase of the heartbeat
34
tricuspid valve
located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
35
valve
structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction
36
vein
thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood.
37
vena cava, venae cavae
largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart.
38
ventricle
one of two lower chambers of the heart
39
venule
small vein
40
AAA
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
41
ACE inhibitor
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitor
42
ACLS
Advanced Cardiac Life Support; CPR plus drugs and defibrillation
43
ACS
Acute Coronary Syndrome
44
ADP
adenosine diphosphate; ADP blockers are used to prevent cardiovascular-related death, heart attack, and strokes and after all stent procedures
45
AED
Automatic External Defibrillator
46
AF, a-fib
Atrial Fibrillation
47
AICD
Automatic Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
48
AMI
Acute Myocardial Infarction
49
ARB
Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker
50
ARVD
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
51
AD
Aortic Disease
52
ASD
Atrial Septal Defect
53
AV, A-V
Atrioventricular
54
AVR
Aortic Valve Replacement
55
BBB
Bundle Branch Block
56
BNP
Brain Natriuretic Peptide; congestive heart Failure
57
BP
Blood Pressure
58
CARB
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
59
CAD
Coronary Artery Disease
60
CCTA
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
61
CCU
Coronary Care Unit
62
Cath
Catheterization
63
CHF
Congestive Heart Failure
64
CK
Creatine Kinase; enzyme released after injury to heart muscles
65
CoA
Coarctation of the Aorta
66
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
67
CRT
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; biventricular pacing and defibrillation devices
68
CTNI, cTnI; CTNT, CTnT
Cardiac Troponin-I and Cardiac Troponin-T; troponin is a protein released into the bloodstream after myocardial injury
69
DES
Drug-Eluting Stent
70
DOAC
Direct Oral Anticoagulant
71
DSA
Digital Subtraction Angiography
72
DVT
Deep Vein Thrombosis
73
ECG; EKG
electrocardiography
74
ECHO
Echocardiography
75
ECMO
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
76
EF
Ejection Fraction; Measure of the amount of blood that pumps out of the heart with each beat
77
EPS
Electrophysiology Study; electrode catheters inserted in the veins and threaded into the heart to measure electrical conduction
78
ETT
Exercise Tolerance Test
79
ETT-MIBI
Exercise Tolerance Test combined with a radioactive tracer (sestamibi) scan
80
EVAR
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
81
FFR
Fractional Flow Reserve
82
HDL
High-Density Lipoprotein; High blood levels mean lower incidence of coronary artery disease
83
hsCRP
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; biomarker for inflammation in prediction of heart attack risk
84
HTN
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
85
IABP
Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump; used to support patients in cardiogenic shock
86
ICA
Invasive Coronary Angiography
87
ICD
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
88
IVUS
Intravascular Ultrasound
89
LAD
Left Anterior Descending (coronary artery)
90
LBBB
Left Bundle Branch Blocker
91
LDL
Low-Density Lipoprotein; high blood levels lead to cholesterol buildup in arteries
92
LMWH
Low-Modular-Weight Heparin
93
LV
Left Ventricle
94
LVAD
Left Ventricle Assisted Death
95
LVEF
Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction
96
LVH
Left Ventricle Hypertrophy
97
MI
Myocardial Infarction
98
MUGA
Multiple-Gated Acquisition scan; a radioactive test of heart function
99
MVP
Mitral Valve Prolapse
100
NSR
Normal Sinus Rhythm
101
NT-proBNP
N-Terminal Pro-Peptide of BNP
102
NSTEMI
Non-ST Elevation MI
103
PAC
Premature Atrial Contraction
104
PAD
Peripheral Arterial Disease
105
PCI
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
106
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
107
PE
Pulmonary Embolus
108
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contraction
109
RBBB
Right Bundle Branch Block
110
SA, S-A node
Sinoatrial Node
111
SCD
Sudden Cardiac Death
112
SOB
Shortness of Breath
113
SPECT
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography; used for myocardial imaging with sestamibi scans
114
STEMI
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
115
SVT
Supraventricular Tachycardia; rapid heartbeats arising from the atria and causing palpitations, SOB, and dizziness
116
TAVR
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
117
TEE
Transesophageal Echocardiography
118
TEVAR
Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
119
TGA
Transposition of the Great Arteries
120
tPA
tissue-type Plasminogen Activator; a drug used to prevent thrombosis
121
UA
Unstable Angina; chest pain at rest or of increasing frequency
122
VF
Ventricular Fibrillation
123
VSD
Ventricular Septal Defect
124
VT
Ventricular Tachycardia
125
WPW
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; abnormal ECG pattern associated with paroxysmal tachycardia

Medical Terminology Ch1-Ch11, Words & Abbv. (8 decks)

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