ch 12-13 Flashcards

(47 cards)

1
Q

work

A

when you exert a force on an object that causes the object to move some distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how do you know if work is being done on an object

A

if an object moves in the same direction in which the force is exerted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

joule

A

measurement for work, 1 joule is to move an object a distance of one meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

power

A

the rate at which work is done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a machine makes work easier by changing at least one of three factors, what are the three factors

A

a machine may change the amount of force you exert, the distance over which you exert your force, or in the direction in which you exert your force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

machine

A

a device that allows you to do work in a way that is easier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

input force

A

the force you exert on the machine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

input distance

A

the distance the input force moves the machine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

output force

A

the force the machine exerts on an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

output distance

A

the work the machine dose over another distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

input work

A

the input force times the input distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

output work

A

the output force times output distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

mechanical advantage

A

the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

efficiency

A

compares the output work to the input work of machine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the six basic types of simple machines

A

incline plane, wedge, screw, lever, wheel and axle, and pulley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

most of the machines in your body are what?

A

levers that consist of bone and muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the ideal mechanical advantage of a compound machine

A

it is the product of the individual ideal mechanical advantages that make it up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

incline plane

A

a flat, slope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

wedge

A

a device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end

20
Q

screw

A

can be thought of as an incline plane wrapped around a cylinder

21
Q

lever

A

is a ridged bar that is free to pivot or rotate on a fixed point

22
Q

fulcrum

A

the fixed point that a lever pivots around

23
Q

wheel and axle

A

a simple machine made out of two circular or cylindrical objects fasted together that rotate about a common axis

24
Q

pulley

A

a simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable rapped around it

25
compound machine
a machine that utilizes two or more simple machines
26
what are two basic types of energy
kinetic and potential
27
energy
the ability to do work or cause change
28
kinetic energy
the energy an object has due to its motion
29
potential energy
stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
30
gravitational potential energy
potential energy related to an objects hight
31
elastic potential energy
the potential energy associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed
32
what are forms of energy that are associated with particles of an object
thermal energy, electrical, energy chemical energy nuclear energy, electromagnetic energy
33
mechanical energy
energy associated with the position and motion of an object
34
thermal energy
the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object
35
electrical energy
the energy of electric charges
36
chemical energy
potential energy stored in chemical bonds that hold chemical compounds together
37
nuclear energy
a type of potential energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom
38
electromagnetic energy
waves that have some electrical and magnetic properties
39
what is the most common energy transformation between
kinetic and potential
40
energy transformation
a change from one form of energy to another
41
law of conservation of energy
states that when one form of energy is transferred to another, no energy is destroyed in the process
42
matter
is anything that has mass and takes up space
43
fossil fuels contain energy that came from what?
the sun
44
fossil fuel can be burned to release what type of energy?
chemical energy
45
fossil fuel
fuels made from materials that formed hundreds of millions of years ago.
46
what are some examples of fossil fuel
coal, petroleum, and natural gas
47
combustion
the the process of burning fuels