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NSG 232 > Ch 12 > Flashcards

Ch 12 Flashcards

1
Q

coping responses to stress

A

aimed at restoring equilibrium

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2
Q

adaptations

A

the changes that take place as a result of stress and coping

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3
Q

distress

A

threatens health

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4
Q

eustress

A

good stress

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5
Q

developmental stressors

A

those that can be predicted to occur at various stages of a person’s life

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6
Q

situational stressors

A

unpredictable

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7
Q

Physiological stressors

A 
those that affect body structure or function
chemical
physical or mechanical
nutritional
biological
genetic
lifestyle
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8
Q

Psychosocial stressors

A

external stressors that arise from work, family dynamics, living situation, social relationships, and other aspects of our daily living

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9
Q

Hans Selye

A

response-based model

The Holmes-Rahe social readjustment scale

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10
Q

Coping strategies

A

the thinking processes and behaviors a person uses to manage stressors

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11
Q

Adaptive (effective) coping

A

consists of making healthy choices that reduce the negative effects of stress

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12
Q

Maladaptive (ineffective) coping

A

does not promote adaptation

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13
Q

3 approaches to cope with stress

A

Altering the stressor
Adapting to the stressor
Avoiding the stressor

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14
Q

hardiness

A

a quality of people that thrive despite overwhelming stressors

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15
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

A

A group of nonspecific responses that all people share in the face of stressors
A whole-body response to a stressor
3 stages:
- Alarm stage- fight or flight
- Resistance stage- Coping with the stressor
- Exhaustion or Recovery stage- Final effort to adapt

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16
Q

Local Adaptation Syndrome (LAS)

A

A localized body response
2 most common LAS responses are:
- Reflex pain response- involuntary, predictable
- Inflammatory response- local reaction to cell injury

17
Q

exudate

A

the fluid and white blood cells that move from the circulation tot he site of injury

18
Q

healing

A

the replacement of tissue by regeneration or repair

19
Q

Regeneration

A

replacement of the damaged cells with identical or similar cells

20
Q

Repair

A

scar tissue replaces the original tissue

21
Q

Psychological responses are

A

emotional
cognitive
behavioral

22
Q

fear

A

an emotion or feeling of apprehension from an identified danger, threat, or pain

23
Q

anger

A

a strong, uncomfortable feeling of animosity, hostility, extreme indignation, or displeasure

24
Q

Hostility

A

when anger involves destructive behaviors, such as physical or verbal abuse

25
Q

Depression

A

unresolved anger that may result in stress

26
Q

Somatoform disorders

A

conditions characterized by the presence of physical symptoms with known organic cause

27
Q

hypochondriasis

A

the person is abnormally concerned with his health and interprets his real or imagined symptoms unrealistically, fearing that they will get worse

28
Q

somatization

A

anxiety and emotional turmoil are expressed in physical symptoms, loss of physical function, pain that changes location often, and depression

29
Q

Pain disorder

A

emotional pain that manifests physically

30
Q

malingering

A

a conscious effort to escape unpleasant situations

31
Q

5 phases that people who experience crisis go through

A
  • Precrisis
  • Impact
  • Crisis
  • Adaptive
  • Postcrisis
32
Q

Physiological responses to stressors

A
  • Dilated pupils
  • Muscle tension
  • Stiff neck
  • Headaches
  • Nail biting
  • skin palor
  • skin lesions
  • diaphoresis
  • dry mouth
  • nausea
  • weight loss- appetite changes
  • increased blood glucose
  • increased heart rate
  • cardiac dysrhythmias
  • water retention
  • hyperventilation
  • chest pain
  • increased urinary frequency
  • decreased urinary output
  • diarrhea or constipation
  • flatulence
33
Q

CAM

A

complementary and Alternative Modalities

used for stress reduction

34
Q

Relaxation

A

A state of reduced physical and mental arousal

35
Q

Progressive relaxation

A

A quiet meditative state or lying in bed, relaxing and contracting muscle groups

36
Q

passive relaxation

A

a person relaxes muscle groups without contracting them first

37
Q

cognitive restucturing

A

helping clients to recognize their negative focus and to restructure their thinking in more positive and realistic ways

38
Q

stress

A

the disturbance in a persons normal balance state

NSG 232 (5 decks)

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