Ch 12 - Genetics Vocab

Question 1

inheritance

Answer 1

genetic material received from parents

Question 2

probability

Answer 2

likelihood (chance) an event might occur

Question 3

What is the equation for probability?

Answer 3

of ways a specific outcome can happen divided by # of total outcomes

Question 4

meiosis (my-O-sis)

Answer 4

cell division that produces gametes (reproductive cells)

Question 5

diploid (DIP-loid)

Answer 5

cells that contain pairs of chromosomes (one from each parent)

Question 6

haploid (HAP-loid)

Answer 6

cells that contain only ONE chromosome from a matching pair (this occurs only in reproductive cells)

Question 7

genotype (GENE-o-type)

Answer 7

genetic plan the combination of alleles (the “type-o-genes” an organism has)

Question 8

phenotype (FEEN-o-type)

Answer 8

the traits, or characteristics of an organism (the expression of genetic info)

Question 9

heterozygous (het-er-oh-ZY-gus)

Answer 9

inheriting two differing forms of a particular gene (Example: Tt)

Question 10

homozygous (hom-oh-ZY-gus)

Answer 10

inheriting two identical forms of a particular gene (Example: TT or tt)

Question 11

dominant trait

Answer 11

covers up or masks other forms of the gene

Question 12

recessive trait

Answer 12

gets covered up by other (dominant) forms of the gene

Question 13

carrier

Answer 13

an individual that has a recessive trait but does not show it

Question 14

pedigree

Answer 14

a tool that follows the occurence of a particular trait in a family

Question 15

sex-linked traits

Answer 15

traits that are controlled by genes on the X or Y chromosome

Question 16

allele

Answer 16

a specific form of a gene

Question 17

genetic material received from parents

Answer 17

inheritance

Question 18

likelihood (chance) an event might occur

Answer 18

probability

Question 19

of ways a specific outcome can happen divided by # of total outcomes

Answer 19

What is the equation for probability?

Question 20

cell division that produces gametes (reproductive cells)

Answer 20

meiosis (my-O-sis)

Question 21

cells that contain pairs of chromosomes (one from each parent)

Answer 21

diploid (DIP-loid)

Question 22

cells that contain only ONE chromosome from a matching pair (this occurs only in reproductive cells)

Answer 22

haploid (HAP-loid)

Question 23

genetic plan the combination of alleles (the “type-o-genes” an organism has)

Answer 23

genotype (GENE-o-type)

Question 24

the traits, or characteristics of an organism (the expression of genetic info)

Answer 24

phenotype (FEEN-o-type)

Question 25

inheriting two differing forms of a particular gene (Example: Tt)

Answer 25

heterozygous (het-er-oh-ZY-gus)

Question 26

inheriting two identical forms of a particular gene (Example: TT or tt)

Answer 26

homozygous (hom-oh-ZY-gus)

Question 27

covers up or masks other forms of the gene

Answer 27

dominant trait

Question 28

gets covered up by other (dominant) forms of the gene

Answer 28

recessive trait

Question 29

an individual that has a recessive trait but does not show it

Answer 29

carrier

Question 30

a tool that follows the occurence of a particular trait in a family

Answer 30

pedigree

Question 31

traits that are controlled by genes on the X or Y chromosome

Answer 31

sex-linked traits

Question 32

a specific form of a gene

Answer 32

allele