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Comm 315 > Ch. 13-15 > Flashcards

Ch. 13-15 Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Making someone feel unappreciated or unimportant.

A

Devaluation

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2
Q

When people violate implicit or explicit relational rules.

A

Relational transgressions

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3
Q

5 relational transgressions

A
  1. Having sex with someone else
  2. Dating others
  3. Deceiving others about something important
  4. Physical violence
  5. Keeping secrets
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4
Q

Confronts one’s partner about hurtful remarks.

A

Active verbal responses

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5
Q

Giving in and acknowledging partner’s ability to inflict hurt.

A

Acquiescent responses

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6
Q

Acting unaffected by the hurtful remark.

A

Invulnerable responses

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7
Q

Intentionally managing verbal or nonverbal messages so that a receiver will believe or understand something in a way that the sender knows is false.

A

Deception

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8
Q

5 types of deception

A
  1. Lies
  2. Equivocation
  3. Concealment
  4. exaggeration
  5. Understatement
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9
Q

Evasion; being indirect, ambiguous, or contradictory

A

Equivocation

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10
Q

We expect others, especially those we like or are close to, to be honest and we do not look for deception.

A

Truth bias

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11
Q

Has a very strong negative effect on relationships, possibly the least forgivable of hurtful events.

A

Infidelity

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12
Q

Sexual activity with someone other than one’s long term partner.

A

Sexual infidelity

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13
Q

Involvement with another person, channeling emotional resources to someone else.

A

Emotional infidelity

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14
Q

Predicts men should get more upset over sexual infidelity, women should get more upset over emotional infidelity.

A

Evolutionary Hypothesis for Infidelity

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15
Q

May be the result though of a relational transgressions itself (if the accusations/suspicions are unwarranted)

A

Jealously

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16
Q

When people want something of value that someone else has.

A

Envy

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17
Q

One person (would-be lover) wants to initiate or intensify a romantic relationship, but the other (rejector) does not.

A

Unrequited love

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18
Q

(Following someone everywhere) about inducing fear and making threats.

A

Stalking

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19
Q

When is relational violence more common?

A

It is more common in established relationship than in unrequited love.

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20
Q

Occurs when conflict spirals out of control and parters resort to using violence as a way of venting emotional and trying to control the conflict.

A

Common Couple Violence

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21
Q

2 patterns of common couple violence

A
  1. Repeated common couple violence

2. Isolated common couple violence

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22
Q

A strategic and enduring pattern of behavior involving using violence to control a partner.

A

Intimate terrorism

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23
Q

What does the investment model of relationship start with?

A

Interdependence theory

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24
Q

Every relationship has a unique pattern of interdependence based on the specific rewards and costs exchanged, as well as the degree to which they are dependent on each other to reach their goals.

A

Interdependence theory

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25
Commitment helps protect relationships against the destruction that hurtful events and conflict can cause.
Investment model of relationship
26
Satisfaction, investments, and alternatives predict how committed people are to their relationships.
Commitment
27
What two things is satisfaction based on?
1. Rewards & costs | 2. Outcome
28
Exchanged resources that are pleasurable and gratifying.
Rewards
29
Exchanged resources that result in a loss or punishment.
Costs
30
Ratio of costs to rewards must be as good or better than expected.
Outcome
31
Resources that become attached to a relationship and would decline in value or be lost if the relationship were to end.
Investments
32
Those put directly into the relationship. (Time, effort, affection, disclosure)
Intrinsic investments
33
Develop over time as a result of being in the relationship. (Material possessions, identity, social networks)
Extrinsic investments
34
The types of alternatives people perceive they have outside of the current relationship.
Quality of alternatives
35
If people are highly committed to their relationship, they are likely to use five pro-relationship behaviors when they encounter problems.
Pro-relationship behaviors
36
5 pro-relationship behaviors
1. Deciding to remain 2. Accommodating the partner 3. Derogations alternatives 4. Showing a willingness to sacrifice 5. Perceiving relationship superiority
37
People in committed relationships are more likely to accommodate their partners and repair their relationship.
Model of accommodation
38
Passive destructive behaviors
1. Neglect- allowing the situation to get worse | 2. Punishment- balancing the relationship by evening the score (passive aggressive behaviors)
39
Active destructive behaviors
1. Exit- threats to leave | 2. Antisocial communication- yelling,insults, seeking revenge
40
Active constructive behaviors
1. Voice- discussion and problem solving | 2. Pro social communication- focus on re-establishing closeness and connection
41
Passive constructive behaviors
1. Loyalty- waiting for positive change
42
Specific behaviors that people engage in to try and fix their relationship after they have done something wrong.
Remedial strategies
43
Remedial strategies
* apologies and concessions * appeasement * explanations (excuses & justifications) * denials * avoidance and evasion * relationship talk
44
What is critical in repairing a relationship after a transgression has occurred?
Forgiveness
45
Making a direct statement. (I forgive you)
Explicit forgiveness
46
Emphasizes that the transgression was not that bad and that the other partner should not worry anymore.
Minimizing approach
47
Forgiveness is contingent upon the partner’s behavior. (Relationship is more likely when forgiveness is conditional)
Conditional forgiveness
48
Some relationships wither away due to different interests, decreased communication, distance, or competition. (Usually happens in friendships, can happen in marriages)
Atrophy (part of “growing apart”)
49
Has less to do with how much money a couple makes, but more about how the money is managed.
Money as a reason for relationships ending
50
May lead to violence, addiction, problems with the law, money, and work. Can also lead to codependency- letting partners behaviors greatly affect their own.
Alcohol and drugs as a reason for relationships ending
51
The more two people have in common, the more likely they are to stay together.
Lack of similarity as a reason for relationships ending
52
When people’s positive illusions about their partner and the relationships start to fade.
Relationship disillusionment (part of loss of love as to why relationships end)
53
Looks at break-ups as a series of communication processes.
Duck’s model of relational dissolution
54
Begins with one partner concluding “I can’t take it anymore” (cognitive threshold)
Intrapsychic processes phase
55
Dissatisfied partners begin to communicate about negative thoughts and feelings with each other.
Dyadic processes phase
56
Partners begin discussing the relationship with social networks.
Social processes phase
57
Breakup is inevitable (cognitive threshold)
Grace-Dressing processes phase
58
People start to visualize their future without relationship.
Resurrection processes phase
59
What are Knapp’s five stages of the reversal hypothesis?
1. Differentiating 2. Circumscribing 3. Stagnating 4. Avoiding 5. Terminating
60
An alternative to stage theories.
Catastrophe theory
61
What is part of the catastrophe theory?
Break-ups often precipitated by a critical event which leads to rapid disengagement. (Infidelity, big argument, physical violence)
62
Rely on face to face verbal communication vs. subtle, nonverbal communication.
Direct vs. indirect
63
Involves one person deciding to break up vs. joint decision to break up
Unilateral vs. bilateral
64
Pretends to be de-escalation but is really relational breakup.
Pseudo De-escalation
65
Designed to lessen hurt feelings and make the other feel better about the break up. (Could use fatalism and can hold out false hope)
Positive tone
66
Both partners realize that problems cannot be resolved and they would be better off parred. (Works best for long-term couples)
Negotiated farewell
67
Children of divorced parents are more likely to get divorced.
Intergenerstional transmission of divorce
68
Personal growth by increased confidence, learning how to communicate in a relationship, concentrating on school or work, knowing what you want from future partners.
Positive outcomes

Comm 315 (2 decks)

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