Ch 13 Sefl Regulation Perspective Flashcards
(39 cards)
Action and Schemas
Schemas include info about how to behave in situations and how to understand others behaviors
Self Regulation
The extent to which people self regulate behavior to uphold their standards
Behavior self regulation explains:
how people devise goals
how goals get translated into action
monitoring processes
what happens when goals are blocked
Importance of goals
Form central feature of human behavior structure lives (long term or day to day) Energize activity direct movements add purpose to life
Variation of goal persuit
Varies from person to person and defines personality
Setting high goals results
Setting higher REALISTIC goals results in higher performance, effort, persistence, concentration
Intention definition
Formed from deciding on a goal to reach.
Ways intentions are formed
Weigh:
what matters to me
others
what I can execute
Intention formation process web
Personal meaning: believe leads to outcomes & desire outcome –> personal attitude
Social meanning: same as personal but from others –> subjective norm
personal attitude + subjective norm –> intention –> behavior
Study on attention focus and intention formation procedure
Asked undergrads on belief about punishment and sort into 2 groups. 1) self opposed and other condoned 2) self condoned and other opposed. Ask undergrads to learn.
Manipulations: Mirror, evaluative audience, non-
evaluative audience, control
? DV: Amount of electric shock delivered to “learner”
Study on attention focus and intention formation results
_____ may have missed something
Mirror made more personal attitude and audience made more subjective norm
Intention 2 types
Goal intention: decide on certain outcome
Implementation intention: what details needed to make outcome come true
Problems that prevent goal accomplishment
1) Lack implementation intention (Don’t know how)
2) Distraction
Need strong and active goal intention and implementation intention to accomplish
2 kinds of motivational mindsets
1) deliberative: impartial, open minded, careful, cautious
2) implementable: action oriented, positively biased, optimistic, fosters persistence. minimizes potential problems in order to try as hard as possible to carry out the actions
Discrepancy-Reducing Feedback Loop
Goal, standard, reference value –> comparator –> output function changes behavior–> effect on environemnt –> input function (perception of self behavior’s effect) –> comparator.
outside disturbance –> Effect on enviornment
Example of outside disturbance on discrepancy reducing feedback loop
______ search in TB
Implications of Feedback control
- Assumes behavior is purposeful
- Self regulation is continuous (every behavior change leads IMMEDIATELY/CONTINUOUSLY to environmental change which leads to behavioral change )
- Goals are dynamic (interplay)
Feedback hierarchy (Will be on test
organization of feedback loops, in which superordinate loops provide reference value to subordinate loops
- output of high level loops (ex i want to be nicer) consists of setting a goal for lower level loop
- high level loops don’t create physical actions but instead provide guides to loops below them
- only lowest level loops create physical action (ex physically saying nicer things)
Hierarchical Organization of Goals Provides
Way to link physical action to higher order goals
Hierarchical Organization of Goals Assumptions
High level and low level goals
Feedback loops are arranged in layers
behavioral output of high-level loop provides goal for next lower level - loop
3 Levels of Hierarchy
System concepts: ideal self (“be goals” ex be thoughtful)
Principle control: broad overriding guidelines (“do goals” ex prepare dinner)
Program control: vague scripts (if-then decisions) (“motor control goals” ex slice broccoli)
Issues of hiearchial organizations
Not all levels will be functional at the same time
- much behavior is guided by program levels of controls
- people may go long time w/o thinking about ideal self
- lower levels = functionally subordinate
Goals at higher levels can be affected
-program can be good or cause problems for principle
Goals at any one level may be compatible or incompatible with each other
- Being environmentall responsible and conscienetious
- Being frugal and being fashionalby well-dressed
Does human behavior follow pattern of feedback control?
Theory: When you have a goal in mind self-directed attention engages the comparator to motivate
- this increases tendency to compare goals with current behavior; discrepancies are perceived.
- behavior should be regulated more closely to the goal (evidence suggests that this is the case)
Research on feedback control causing human behavior to follow by Carver
Hypothesis: Subjects standards determine their behaviors only when their attention is self directed
Methods:
-Questionnaire (to get view of punishment in learning),
-instructed to use standard in choosing shocks to punish incorrect responses
-self-awareness increased by mirror
