Ch 14 & 15

Question 1

How is the cerebrum divided up?

Answer 1

Two hemispheres which are divided into four lobes.

Question 2

What are the four lobes in the cerebrum?

Answer 2

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe

Question 3

What function is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 3

Contains Primary motor complex

Voluntary motor activity

Question 4

Where is Broca’s area located and what’s it’s function?

Answer 4

Located in the frontal lobe

Involved in formulation of words

Question 5

What other functions is the frontal lobe in charge of?

Answer 5

Intellectual function
Awareness of self
Personality
Autonomic responses related to emotion.

Question 6

What is the role of the parietal lobe?

Answer 6

Primary sensory cortex that receives sensory input such as position, touch, shape, and texture of objects.

Question 7

What role does the temporal lobe have?

Answer 7

Primary auditory cortex

Question 8

What is Wernickes area and what is it responsible for?

Answer 8

Located in the left temporal lobe

Responsible for comprehension of spoken and written language.

Question 9

What other duties happen in the temporal lobe?

Answer 9

Interprets auditory, visual, and somatic sensory inputs that are stored into thoughts and memory.

Question 10

What are functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 10

Coordinating movement
Equilibrium
Muscle tone
Proprioreception

Question 11

Do each cerebellar hemisphere control movement for the same side of the body?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Where does the spinal cord connect?

Answer 12

Medulla oblongata.

Question 13

What does the central nervous system consist of?

Answer 13

Brain and spinal cord

Question 14

What areas are routinely assessed when assessing peripheral nerves?

Answer 14

Hands, lower arms, abdomen, lower legs, and feet. If sensation is intact no further evaluation needed.

Question 15

What are some causes of abnormal peripheral nerve findings?

Answer 15

Nerve root compression
Inflammation
Peripheral neuropathy(decreased sensation)

Question 16

What do we do to test our exteroceptive receptors?

Answer 16

Light touch and superficial pain

Question 17

What do we test for when we check our proprioreception receptors?

Answer 17

Test the muscle joints, tendons and ligaments for motion and vibration.

Question 18

What is cortical sensation?

Answer 18

Sensory perception of integration and discriminate receptors.

Question 19

What is kinesthetic?

Answer 19

Sensation by moving fingers and toes up and down

Question 20

What is stereognosis?

Answer 20

Identification of familiar object in hand

Question 21

What is graphesthesia?

Answer 21

Identification of number and letter drawn on hand, back, or other area.

Question 22

What is meningitis?

Answer 22

Inflammation of meninges surrounding brain and spinal cord.

Question 23

What causes meningitis?

Answer 23

Invasion of bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or other toxins.

Question 24

What is the most common form of meningitis?

Answer 24

Bacterial. If not treated it can lead to death.

Question 25

Can you recover fully from viral meningitis?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

What are symptoms of meningitis?

Answer 26

``` Severe headache Fever Stiff neck Positive for brudzinki's and kernig sign LOC decrease Confusion, agitation, and irritability ```

Question 27

What is MS and what are the symptoms?

Answer 27

Progressive demyelination of nerve fibers of brain and spinal cord. Autoimmune disorder than virally attacks myelin at various sites of CNS. Fatigue depression parAsthesia

Question 28

What is encephalitis?

Answer 28

Inflammation of brain tissue and meninges. Caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites

Question 29

What is Parkinson's disease?

Answer 29

Dopamine producing neurons degenerate. Symptoms include resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity.

Question 30

What is CVA?

Answer 30

Stroke or cerebralvascular accident.

Question 31

What is trigeminal neuralgia?

Answer 31

Pain in 1-3 branches of CN V brought on by trauma to face or head or infection of teeth or jaw.

Question 32

What is Bells Palsy?

Answer 32

Acute unilateral paralysis of facial nerve.

Question 33

What is Myasthenia Gravis?

Answer 33

Neuromuscular disease with abnormal weakness of voluntary muscles. Improves with rest. Muscle weakness occurs. Common in younger women and men

Question 34

What is Guillain Barre syndrome?

Answer 34

Widespread demyelination of nerves in the PNS. Weakness and paresthesia in lower extremities then moves to upper extremities/face

Question 35

Functions of tendons?

Answer 35

Muscle to bone

Question 36

Function of ligaments?

Answer 36

Connects bone to bone?

Question 37

What is active ROM?

Answer 37

Patient moves joint through ROM

Question 38

What is passive ROM?

Answer 38

You move relaxed joint through ROM

Question 39

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 39

Swelling in joints surrounding connective tissue.

Question 40

What is osteoarthritis?

Answer 40

Degenerative joint disease.

Question 41

What is gout?

Answer 41

A hereditary disease where there's too much uric acid/ not broken down.

Question 42

What kinds of questions are asked about pain?

Answer 42

Where's the pain felt? Did the pain occur suddenly or gradually? Does the pain move from one joint to the next? What makes the pain worse? What relieves the pain?

Question 43

What is a spine HNP?

Answer 43

Herniated disk or slipped disk

Question 44

What is carpel tunnel syndrome?

Answer 44

When the median nerve compressed between carpel ligament and other structures within carpal tunnel.

Question 45

What are symptoms of carpal tunnel?

Answer 45

Numbness Pain Paresthesia Using Tinels/phalans sign to test

Question 46

What is Phalens sign?

Answer 46

Test if the backs of the hands meet together