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Nursing 1 > Ch 15 & 17 > Flashcards

Ch 15 & 17 Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

The stage of being without fever

A

Afebrile

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2
Q

The period of silence between the first Korotkoff sound heard and the next Korotkoff sound heard when it resumes at a number 30 to 40mm Hg lower

A

Auscultatory Gap

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3
Q

Respirations characterized by groups of several shallow breaths followed by variable length periods of apnea.

A

Biot’s Respirations

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4
Q

A pulse that is less than 60 BPM

A

Bradycardia

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5
Q

A respiratory rate below 12 respirations per minute

A

Bradypnea

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6
Q

A pattern of respirations that begin shallow, gradually increase in depth and frequency to a peak, and then begin to decrease in depth and frequency until they are slow and shallow; followed by period of apnea lasting 10 to 60 seconds

A

Cheyne Stokes Respirations

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7
Q

The time during which the ventricles are at rest

A

Diastole

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8
Q

The measurement of the pressure exerted by the blood on the artery walls while the heart ventricles are not contracting, which is the lower of the 2 pressures

A

Diastolic Pressure

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9
Q

Labored or difficult breathing

A

Dyspnea

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10
Q

Respirations in which the rate, depth, rhythm, pattern, and respiratory effort fall within normal parameters

A

Eupnea

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11
Q

The state of having a fever

A

Febrile

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12
Q

High blood pressure; this term describes a systolic reading consistently above 130 or a diastolic reading consistently over 80

A

Hypertension

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13
Q

The rise in blood pressure that occurs as a result of the heart’s having to work harder to pump blood through artery walls made less elastic due to arteriosclerosis

A

Hypertension Primary

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14
Q

Blood pressure that becomes elevated due to renal or endocrine disease

A

Hypertension Secondary

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15
Q

Low blood pressure; this term describes a blood pressure reading that suddenly falls 20 to 30 mmHg below an individual’s normal blood pressure or one that falls below the norm 100/60 mmHg

A

Hypotension

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16
Q

A condition in which an individual’s core temp drops below 95*F

A

Hypothermia

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17
Q

A condition in which an individual finds it too hard to breathe unless he or she is positioned in an upright position, such as sitting or standing

A

Orthopnea

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18
Q

A state in which the radial pulse is slower than the apical pulse

A

Pulse Deficit

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19
Q

The aneroid or electronic pressure manometer, or gauge, that is used to measure blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

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20
Q

An audible, high-pitched crowing sound that results from partial obstruction of the airways

A

Stridor

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21
Q

The measurement of the force exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries during contraction of the heart ventricles, which is when the pressure is highest

A

Systolic Pressure

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22
Q

A pulse greater than 100 BPM

A

Tachycardia

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23
Q

A respiratory rate that exceeds 20 respirations per minute

A

Tachypnea

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24
Q

A bed position used for resting or sleeping and after certain procedures such as lumbar punctures and back surgery

A

Flat

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25
Bed position with knees slightly elevated to prevent sliding down; used when patient wants to sit up to watch TV or converse with visitors
Fowler's
26
Bed position used for patients on continuous tube feedings to prevent aspiration and for comfort when patient does not wish to be completely flat
Semi-Fowler's
27
Bed position used for patients who have very low BP to return blood to the brain and vital organs. Keeping head of bed flat with feet elevated is preferred position for patients with dyspnea or head injury
Trendelenburg
28
Bed position used to elevate patients head without bending at the waist for patients who have returned from procedures requiring that legs be kept straight at groin, such as cardiac cath
Reverse Trendelenburg
29
Activities such as bathing, washing, and styling hair, brushing and flossing teeth, dressing, showering
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
30
A situation in which patients need some assistance with activities of daily living
Assisted Care
31
A large lightweight flannel blanket used during a bath to prevent exposure
Bath Blanket
32
A type of sheet that is narrower than a flat sheet and has 2 narrow hems on each end. Used to protect the bottom sheet from minor soiling and to help lift and turn heavy patients
Draw Sheet
33
Scrapes on the skin that may be due to scratching or that may occur during care
Excoriation
34
The practice of keeping oneself clean and well groomed
Hygiene
35
A localized, open area of diseased skin
Lesion
36
White patches on the tongue or oval mucosa that can be precancerous
Leukoplakia
37
Tiny parasites that live on the skin and scalp
Lice
38
Softened skin due to continuous exposure to moisture
Maceration
39
A purplish blotching of the skin that indicates that circulation has slowed greatly
Mottling
40
The eggs of lice
Nits
41
Artificial Eye
Ocular Prosthesis
42
An overproduction of sebum
Seborrhea
43
A fungal infection that can affect any part of the body and can be spread from one person to another
Tinea Capitus
44
Blood return from extremities back to the heart
Venous Return
45
What is included in bedtime care?
``` Prepare for sleep Brush teeth, remove dentures Remove glasses/hearing aides Extra blankets Back Rub? Dim Lights ```
46
Positive Outcomes of Hourly Rounding?
Decrease call bell use Decreases incidences of falls Gives patient sense of security Earlier detection of a patient's deteriorating condition
47
Patents with which disease processes are at an increased risk for complications with nail care?
Diabetes | Circulation Problems
48
Risk Factors Associated with Shaving
``` Thrombolytic Agents High Doses of Aspirin Blood Disorders Liver Disease Rashes, lesions, inflamed lesions Suicidal Patients ```
49
If water too warm when bathing or showering, what is a possible complication due to vasodilation?
Lowers blood pressure which could lead to dizziness or fainting (syncope)
50
Which patients require special mouth care and how often should it be performed?
Performed every 2 hours Patients who are NPO Patients receiving oxygen by cannula or mask Patients having nasogastric tube in place Patients who are unconscious
51
A bed position with 15 to 30 degree angles
Low Fowler's
52
A bed position with 30 to 45 degree angles
Semi-Fowler's
53
A bed position with 45 to 60 degree angles
Fowler's
54
A bed position with 60 to 90 degree angles
High Fowler's
55
Temperature regulating center of the body
Hypothalamus
56
The amount of blood discharged atom the left ventricle with each contraction
Stroke Volume
57
The volume of blood pumped from the heart in one minute
Cardiac Output
58
Three Characteristics assessed when taking someone's pulse?
Rate Rhythm Strength/Volume
59
5 characteristics assessed when taking someone's respirations
``` Rate per minute Depth Rhythm Pattern Respiratory Effort ```
60
Lifestyle changes to help control (lower) blood pressure include?
``` Lower dietary salt and fat intake Weight loss Smoking Cessation Reduce or stop excessive alcohol intake Stress Reduction Increased physical activity / exercise ```
61
4 Circulatory Qualities?
Strength of the heart contraction or pumping action of heart Blood viscosity or thickness Blood Volume Peripheral vascular resistance or elastic recoil ability of the blood vessel walls
62
Factors Affecting Blood Pressure
``` Age, race, obesity Exercise, rest, level of hydration Circardian Rhythm Anxiety Meds Nicotine and Caffeine Hemorrhage ```
63
Factors affecting body temp
``` Environment Time of day Gender Physical Activity / Exercise Meds Stress Food/Drink Illness ```
64
Factors affecting pulse rate
``` Age Emotions Meds Caffeine / Nicotine Exercise Circardian Rhythm ```
65
Factors affecting respirations
``` Age Smoking Environmental Temp Exercise Pain / Anxiety Rest Meds Drug OD Disease ```
66
Normal range for temperature?
97 to 99.6 degrees
67
``` Normal Pulse for: Newborn 1-2 Years Old 3-18 Years Old Adults ```
Newborn: 120-160 BPM 1-2 Years Old: 90 to 120 BPM 3-18 Years Old: 80 to 100 BPM Adults: 60 to 100 BPM
68
``` Normal Rate of Respirations: Newborn Infants Children Adolescents Adults ```
``` Newborn: 30 to 60 Infants: 20 to 40 Children: 20 to 30 Adolescents: 14 to 25 Adults: 12 to 20 ```
69
``` Blood Pressure Ranges: Normal Elevated High BP Stage 1 High BP Stage 2 ```
Normal: Less than 120 over 80 Elevated: 120-129 / less than 80 High BP Stage 1: 130-139 / 80-89 High BP Stage 2: 140+ / 90+

Nursing 1 (2 decks)

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