CH 15 Pt. 2 : Special Senses Hearing And Equilibrium (Final Exam)

Question 1

What are the 3 special Sense Receptors?

Answer 1

1) Hearing (ear)
2) Equilibrium (ear)
3) Vision (eye)

Question 2

What are the 3 parts of the Ear?

Answer 2

1) External (Outer) ear
2) Middle ( Tympanic) ear
3) Internal (inner) ear

Question 3

What 2 parts of the ear are responsible for hearing ONLY?

Answer 3

• External ear; Middle ear

Question 4

What part of the ear is responsible for Hearing and Equilibrium?

Answer 4

• Internal ( inner) ear

Question 5

What structures does the External Ear Contain?

Answer 5

• Auricle / Pinna
• External Acoustic Meatus
• Tympanic Membrane

Question 6

What is the Auricle / Pinna made of?

Answer 6

Elastic Cartilage

Question 7

What part of the ear is within the Temporal Bone and Connects the Auricle & Tympanic membrane?

Answer 7

External Acoustic Meatus ( Auditory Canal)

Question 8

What is between the External & Middle ear?

Answer 8

Tympanic Membrane ( Eardrum)

Question 9

What part of the ear has connective tissue membrane that vibrates in response to sound?

Answer 9

Tympanic Membrane ( Eardrum)

Question 10

Where does the tympanic membrane transfer sound energy to?

Answer 10

Bones of the middle ear

Question 11

What are the 3 structures of the middle ear?

Answer 11

1. Tympanic membrane
2. Auditory ossicles
3. Oval Window of bone wall

Question 12

What is the lateral edge of the middle ear?

Answer 12

Tympanic Membrane

Question 13

What are the 3 parts of the Auditory Ossicles ( lateral to medial)?

Answer 13

1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes

Question 14

What do both the Middle ear and External Ear generate?

Answer 14

Vibration

Question 15

What is the smallest bone of the ear?

Answer 15

Stapes

Question 16

What is the medial edge of the Middle ear?

Answer 16

Oval Window of bone wall

Question 17

The area inside of stape is called?

Answer 17

Oval window

Question 18

What does the Internal / inner ear generate?

Answer 18

Action Potential

Question 19

What is the one nerve of the internal ear?

Answer 19

Internal Acoustic Meatus

Question 20

Where does the internal acoustic Meatus pass through?

Answer 20

Cranial Nerve 8 (VII)

Question 21

What are the two layer os the inner ear?

Answer 21

1. Bony labyrinth

2. Membranous Labyrinth

Question 22

The Bony labyrinth is full of ____?

Answer 22

Sodium

Question 23

The Membraneous Labyrinth is full of ____?

Answer 23

Potassium

Question 24

Where is the Perilymph located?

Answer 24

In the bony labyrinth

Question 25

Where is the endolymph located?

Answer 25

In the Membraneous Labyrinth

Question 26

What are the 3 Macroscopic structures of the inner ear ?

Answer 26

1. Semicircular Canals 2. Vestibular 3. Cochlea

Question 27

When 2 layers and 3 parts are formed together it makes what 6 structures?

Answer 27

Membranous : semicircular canal, cochlea, vestibulae | Bony semicircular canals, cochlea, vestibulae

Question 28

What nerve connects with the membranous cochlea ONLY?

Answer 28

Cochlea nerve

Question 29

What does the Membraneous cochlea include?

Answer 29

- Scala vestibulae ( perilymph ) - scala media ( endolymph) - Scala Tympani ( Perilymph)

Question 30

The tectorial membrane, hair cells, & Basilar membrane are structures of ___?

Answer 30

Spiral Organ

Question 31

What 2 structures connect with the cochlear nerve ONLY

Answer 31

- Spiral organ ;Membranous cochlea

Question 32

What is the base of the cochlea ?

Answer 32

High frequency

Question 33

What is the Apex of the cochlea ?

Answer 33

Low Frenquency

Question 34

Where is the cochlea located?

Answer 34

Superior Temporal Gyrus

Question 35

What is the process of the spiral organ?

Answer 35

- basilar membrane (vibration) bends hair cells and generates action potential - action potential goes to ( cochlear Nerve) and travels to the cranial nerve and brain cortex

Question 36

What are the two parts of the vestibulae?

Answer 36

1. Utricle | 2. Saccule

Question 37

What part of the vestibulae connects to the semicircular canals ?

Answer 37

- Utricle | U.S

Question 38

What part of the vestibulae connect to the cochlea?

Answer 38

-Saccule | C.S.

Question 39

The Utricle & Saccule both travel through the _____ Nerve ?

Answer 39

Vestibular Nerve ONLY

Question 40

What is within the utricle and saccule?

Answer 40

Maculae

Question 41

What connects with the vestibular nerve?

Answer 41

Maculae

Question 42

What is within the endolymph and right angle to each other ?

Answer 42

Maculae

Question 43

What is the sandwich structure of the Maculae?

Answer 43

1. Otolithic membrane 2. Hair cells 3. Basilar Membrane

Question 44

What is the function of the Maculae?

Answer 44

- Static equilibrium receptor region | 2D movement ( no rotation

Question 45

What responds to both horizontal & vertical head position changes?

Answer 45

Maculae

Question 46

The action potential from the vestibulae transmits to the ___ ?

Answer 46

Vestibular nerve

Question 47

Semicircular canals and the vestibule go to what nerve ONLY?

Answer 47

Vestibular nerve

Question 48

What are three pairs of the semicircular canal and the plane that correlates with each?

Answer 48

1. Anterior (Sagittal plane) 2. Lateral (Transverse plane ) 3. Posterior (Frontal plane)

Question 49

Where is the ampulla located ?

Answer 49

Within endolymph

Question 50

What contain crystal ampularis?

Answer 50

The Ampula

Question 51

What i the sandwich structure of the Crista Ampullaris?

Answer 51

1. Gelatinous Cup (Cupula) 2. Hair Cells 3. Basilar membrane

Question 52

Cochlear, Vestibule and Crista ampullaris all generate ?

Answer 52

Action Potential

Question 53

What creates static equilibrium?

Answer 53

Vestibule

Question 54

What generates Dynamic equilibrium ?

Answer 54

Semicircular Canals

Question 55

How does action potential travel through semicircular canals

Answer 55

- angular head position changes gelatinous cup , then bends hair fibers to generate action potential - actions potential transmits to ( vestibular nerve) and is sent to to cranial nerve 8 (vII) TO BRAIN CORTEX