CH 15 Pt. 3: Vision / Eye ( Final Exam )

Question 1

What are the accessory ( outside ) structures of the eye?

Answer 1

• Conjunctiva & Extrinsic Eye muscles

Question 2

Where is the Conjunctiva located?

Answer 2

• inside of the eyelids / covers the sclera

Question 3

What are the 6 extrinsic eye Muscles?

Answer 3

1. Superior oblique
2. Superior recuts
3. Inferior oblique
4. Inferior recuts
5. Medial recuts
6. Lateral recuts

Question 4

LR6 SO4 _______3 :

Answer 4

• Lateral recuts is controlled by cranial nerve 6
• Superior oblique is controlled by cranial nerve 4
• all other extrinsic eye muscles are controlled by cranial nerve 3

Question 5

The Extrinsic Eye muscles control what type of muscles?

Answer 5

Skeletal muscles

Question 6

what is the function of Extrinsic Eye muscles?

Answer 6

Moves eyeballs

Question 7

What is the most important structure of the eyeball?

Answer 7

Wall of eyeball

Question 8

3 layers of the wall of eyeball ( outside to inside):

Answer 8

1. Fibrous layer
2. Vascular layer
3. Inner Layer /Retina

Question 9

What are the 2 parts of the Fibrous layer ?

Answer 9

1. Sclera (posterior)

2. Cornea (anterior )

Question 10

What region of the fibrous layer is called the “white of the eye” & has an opaque posterior regions?

Answer 10

sclera

Question 11

The sclera is pieced by the ____ nerve posteriorly ?

Answer 11

Optic

Question 12

The function of the sclera is to ___?

Answer 12

• Protect & Shape the eyeball

Question 13

What region of the fibrous layer achors extrinsic eye muscles?

Answer 13

Sclera

Question 14

What passes through the optic canal in the sphenoid bone?

Answer 14

• Sclera ; Dura Mater

Question 15

What region of the fibrous layer is the most anterior portion of the eye?

Answer 15

Cornea

Question 16

what region of the Fibrous layer is transparent , avascular and allows light to enter?

Answer 16

Cornea

Question 17

What are the 3 structures of the eyeball?

Answer 17

1. Wall of Eyeball
2. internal Cavity
3. Lens

Question 18

What are the 3 regions of the Vascular ( uvea ) Layer ?

Answer 18

1. Choroid layer
2. Ciliary Body
3. Iris

Question 19

What two regions of the vascular layer are considered as muscles?

Answer 19

• Ciliary body & Iris

Question 20

What region of the Vascular Layer has many blood vessels?

Answer 20

Choroid layer

Question 21

What region of the Vascular (Uvea) Layer is the posterior portion of Uvea and supplies blood?

Answer 21

-Choroid layer

Question 22

What color pigment does the choroid layer produce?

Answer 22

• Choroid layer

Question 23

what layer connects with the inner layer (retina ) of the eye directly ?

Answer 23

Choroid layer

Question 24

What is the ring of tissue surrounding lens?

Answer 24

Ciliary Body

Question 25

The ciliary Body controns the ___?

Answer 25

lens shape

Question 26

What are the 2 intrinsnic (smooth) eye muscles?

Answer 26

- iris (anterior) | - Ciliary body ( posterior)

Question 27

What is the colored part of the eye?

Answer 27

Iris

Question 28

Where is the Iris located?

Answer 28

- under cornea ; small opening

Question 29

What is the central opening of the iris ?

Answer 29

Pupil

Question 30

what regulates the amount of light entering the eye ?

Answer 30

Pupil

Question 31

What are the 2 inner muscles of the Iris?

Answer 31

1. spinchter pupillae ( circular) | 2. Dialator Pupillae ( Radial)

Question 32

WHAT Nerve is in the Spinchter Pupillae ?

Answer 32

- Parasympathetic nerve ( rest and digest )

Question 33

What contracts because of Bright LIGHT & constructs the pupil?

Answer 33

Spinchter Pupillae

Question 34

What nerve is in the Dilator Pupillae ?

Answer 34

- Sympathetic Nerve ( Fight or flight)

Question 35

What contracts because of DIM Light & dialates pupil?

Answer 35

Dilator pupil

Question 36

What is within the inner (retina) layer of the eye?

Answer 36

1. pigmented layer ( outer ) | 2. Neural Layer ( inner)

Question 37

What is the function of the pigmented layer?

Answer 37

- absorbs light & prevents scattering phagocytize photoreceptor cell fragments

Question 38

What are the 3 Regions of the Neural Layer?

Answer 38

1. Photoreceptors 2. Bipolar Cells 3. Ganglion Cells

Question 39

Ganglion Cells:

Answer 39

No reactioni to light

Question 40

Bipolar Cells:

Answer 40

No reactions to light

Question 41

Photoreceptors

Answer 41

only react to light

Question 42

Neuron direction for Light:

Answer 42

“ Gang” - “Bi” - “Photo”

Question 43

Neuron direction for Action Potential:

Answer 43

“Photo” - “Bi” - “Gang”

Question 44

What layers have pigment?

Answer 44

- choroid layer & Pigmented layer

Question 45

How do Ganglioin Cells exit the eye as optic Nerve?

Answer 45

- Ganglion nerves fuse together & form optic Nerves

Question 46

What is the external view of the neural layer?

Answer 46

- optic Disc | - Fovea of Macula

Question 47

How do you know left eye from right?

Answer 47

-fovea of maculae is lateral to optic disc

Question 48

What lacks photoreceptors that causes a blind spot?

Answer 48

Optic Discs

Question 49

What is the site where optic nerve leaves eyes?

Answer 49

Optic Disc

Question 50

Vitreous Humor:

Answer 50

Gelled like/ Posterior Side

Question 51

What holds the neural layer of the retina firmly against Uvea?

Answer 51

Internal Cavity

Question 52

What changes shape to precisely focus light on Retina & is posterior to the iris ?

Answer 52

- Lens

Question 53

What has the Vitreous Humor & transmits light ?

Answer 53

Internal Cavity

Question 54

What is the Vision cortex in the occipital lobe?

Answer 54

Mechanism of vision

Question 55

Where does the vision cortex in the occipital lobe send action potential?

Answer 55

To the brain by Cranial Nerve II

Question 56

What are the color of the CONES ?

Answer 56

- Blue, Green, Red

Question 57

Where are Rods located?

Answer 57

Outside of Fovea

Question 58

The visual Sensitivity of Rods is ____ and Cones is ____ ?

Answer 58

- High ; Low

Question 59

The Visual Activity of Cones ____ and Rods is ____ ?

Answer 59

- High; Low