CH 15 Reaction Spontaneity

Question 1

Spontaneous process

Answer 1

Any physical or chemical change that once begun occurs with no outside intervention

Question 2

What is an example of a exothermic and spontaneous reaction

Answer 2

Deformation of rust on iron

Question 3

True or false:
all exothermic processes are spontaneous and all endothermic processes are non-spontaneous

Answer 3

False
Example: Ice melting at room temperature is spontaneous even though it’s an endothermic process 

Question 4

Entropy

Answer 4

A measure of the number of possible ways that the energy of a system can be distributed

This is related to the freedom of the systems particles to move and number of ways they can be arranged

Question 5

True or False: As the number of particles increases the number of possible arrangements for a group of particles increases dramatically

Answer 5

True

Question 6

In general the number of possible arrangements available to a system increases under the following conditions: 

Answer 6

1.) When volume increases
2.) When energy increases
3.) When the number of particles increases
4.)When the particles freedom of movement increases

Question 7

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

States that spontaneous processes always proceed in such a way that the entropy of the universe increases