Ch 16/17 - Immune Response

Question 0

Responsible for the third line of defense

Answer 0

Adaptive Immunity

Specific

Question 1

Responsible for the first and second line of defense

Answer 1

Innate Immunity

Nonspecific

Question 2

3 things which compromise the first line of defense

Answer 2

1. Skin
2. Mucous membranes
3. Normal microbiota

Question 3

4 things which compromise the second line of defense

Answer 3

1. Phagocytes
2. Inflammation
3. Fever
4. Antimicrobial substances

Question 4

The most common chemical factor in the immune response

Answer 4

pH

Question 5

The phases of Phagocytosis

Answer 5

1. Chemotaxis
2. Adherence
3. Ingestion
4. Digestion

Question 6

Anything that causes an antibody to be formed and combine with this antibody

Answer 6

Antigen

Question 7

This is made in response to an antigen

Answer 7

Antibody

Question 8

Substance that are tolerated by our immune system

Answer 8

Tolerogens

Question 9

Substance that stimulate the production of specific antibodies

Answer 9

Immunogens

Question 10

Pollen, dander, and food are classified as

Answer 10

Allergens

Question 11

Proteins that are interpreted by an individual’s immune system as “self”

Answer 11

Autoantigens

Question 12

Tissues and organs transplanted between identical twins

Answer 12

Isografts

Question 13

A blood vessels graft is an example of

Answer 13

Autograft

Question 14

MHCs are different and the chance of rejection is increased in

Answer 14

Allograft

Question 15

A pig heart valve into humans is an example of

Answer 15

Xenografts

Question 16

Antibodies are also called

Answer 16

Immunoglobulins

Question 17

The main immunoglobulin in circulation

Answer 17

IgG

Question 18

The largest immunoglobulin

Answer 18

IgM

Question 19

The immunoglobulin found in secretion

Answer 19

IgA

Question 20

The immunoglobulin found on the surface of B cells

Answer 20

IgD

Question 21

High levels are found in allergies

Answer 21

IgE

Question 22

High ___ and low ___ levels indicate a current infection.

Answer 22

IgM and IgE

Question 23

When someone becomes sick with chickenpox and then recovers, the patient now has which immunity?

Answer 23

Naturally Acquired Active Immunity

Question 24

When someone is given the DPT vaccine, which immunity occurs?

Answer 24

Artificially Acquired Active Immunity

Question 25

Newborns have which immunity because of maternal antibodies?

Answer 25

Naturally Acquired Passive Immunity

Question 26

When someone receives an immunoglobulin injection, which immunity occurs?

Answer 26

Artificially Acquired Passive Immunity

Question 27

Immunity present at birth

Answer 27

Innate Immunity | Nonspecific

Question 28

Immunity that begins when the first and second line of defense is inadequate

Answer 28

Adaptive Immunity | Specific

Question 29

Lines the respiratory tract and traps inhaled dust and microorganisms to propel them out of the respiratory tract

Answer 29

Ciliary Escalator

Question 30

2 things which compromise the third line of defense

Answer 30

1. T Cells | 2. B Cells

Question 31

Places various roles in the immune defense aka WBC

Answer 31

Leukocyte

Question 32

Carry O2 to tissues and CO2 out aka RBC

Answer 32

Erythrocytes

Question 33

Help form clots aka platelets

Answer 33

Thrombocytes

Question 34

Fluid in the blood and contains "clotting factors"

Answer 34

Plasma

Question 35

Fluid in the blood and without "clotting factors"

Answer 35

Serum

Question 36

Ingestion of microbes or particles are preformed by

Answer 36

Phagocytes

Question 37

The process in which phagocytes ingest cells and particles

Answer 37

Phagocytosis

Question 38

4 signs and symptoms of inflammation

Answer 38

1. Redness 2. Pain 3. Heat 4. Swelling

Question 39

Technically not part of the first line of defense but provides some protection

Answer 39

Normal microbiota

Question 40

Roles of normal microbiota through microbial antagonism

Answer 40

1. Competes for nutrients 2. Produces substances harmful to pathogens 3. Alter growing conditions like pH and oxygen availability

Question 41

Transplanted from one site of an individual to another site

Answer 41

Autografts

Question 42

Transplants between genetically different individuals

Answer 42

Allografts

Question 43

Transplants between different species

Answer 43

Xenografts