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Respiratory Care Seminar‼️ > Ch. 16: Pulmonary Function Testing > Flashcards

Ch. 16: Pulmonary Function Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the minimum percent increase in expiratory flow following a before-and-after bronchodilator study that indicates significant improvement?

A

12%

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2
Q

Which of the following pulmonary function tests would best determine the patient’s ability to cough?

A

MIP

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3
Q

The volume of air (usually in milliliters) that is inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath

A

Tidal Volume - VT

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4
Q

The maximum volume of air that can be inspired after a normal inspiration.

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume - IRV

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5
Q

IRV normally is not measured during simple spirometry, but if it is, it should be measured from a _____.

A

Slow vital capacity

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6
Q

IRV normal value

A

3000 mL

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7
Q

Normal VT value

A

400-700 mL

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8
Q

The volume of air exhaled after a normal expiration.

A

ERV

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9
Q

Normal ERV value

A

1000 mL

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10
Q

The volume of air left in the lungs after a maximal expiration.

A

Residual Volume - RV

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11
Q

Normal RV value

A

1500 mL

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12
Q

The amount of air left in the lungs after a normal expiration

A

FRC

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13
Q

When is a closed circuit He dilution test said to be completed?

A

Once equilibrium is reached

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13
Q

Nitrogen washout test

The nitrogen concentration in the lungs is
approximately 79% at the beginning of the test, which is gradually washed out as the patient breathes ________% O2.

A

100

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14
Q

Complete nitrogen washout occurs in about ________.

A

7 minutes

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15
Q

Normal FRC value

A

2500 mL

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16
Q

The maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a normal expiration

A

Inspiratory Capacity

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17
Q

Inspiratory Capacity normal value

A

3500 mL

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18
Q

The technique of plethysmography is based on ____________ law.

A

Boyle’s

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19
Q

What is the most accurate for measuring FRC in COPD patients?

A

Body box

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20
Q

Why may FRC measurements be higher with the body box than those measured by the helium dilution or nitrogen washout method?

A

Because body plethysmography actually measures the total amount of gas in the thorax

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21
Q

Normal FRC value

A

2500 mL

22
Q

The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration

A

Vital Capacity

23
Q

What measurement is trying to be obtained?

At the bedside, use a mouthpiece connected to a respirometer. Instruct the patient to inhale as deeply as possible and then slowly and completely exhale through the mouthpiece.

A

VC

24
Q

Vital Capacity normal value

A

4500 mL

25
Q

The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled as quickly and forcefully as possible after a maximum inspiration

A

Forced Vital Capacity

26
Q

The amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration

A

Total Lung Capacity

27
Q

TLC normal value

A

6000 mL

28
Q

This is the percentage of the TLC that remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration

A

RV/TLC ratio

29
Q

Normal RV/TLC value

A

20-35%

30
Q

The volume of air that is exhaled over a specific time interval during the FVC maneuver.

A

FEV

31
Q

Because the FEV1 is most commonly measured, look for an FEV1/FVC of less than ____% to
indicate an obstructive disease.

A

70

32
Q

The average flow rate during the
middle portion of the FEV.

A

FEF25%–75%

33
Q

FEF25–75% Normal

A

4-5 L/sec

34
Q

The maximum flow rate achieved during an FVC.

A

Peak flow

35
Q

Peak flow normal range

A

400 to 600 L/min (6.5 to 10 L/s).

36
Q

The maximum volume of air moved into and out of the lungs voluntarily in 10 to 15 seconds.

A

MVV

37
Q

What measurement tests for overall lung function, ventilatory reserve capacity, and air-trapping?

A

MVV

38
Q

Normal MVV value

A

170 L/min

may be calculated by using the following formula: 40 x FEV1)

39
Q

________ is displayed on a graph and represents the flow generated during an FVC maneuver followed by a forced inspiratory volume maneuver; both are plotted against volume change.

A

Flow-Volume Loop

40
Q

What represents the gas exchange capabilities of the lungs?

A

Diffusion capacity of the lungs (DL)

41
Q

The most common method for measuring DL is the _________.

A

single-breath method

42
Q

Normal diffusion capacity is approximately ____ mL/min/mm Hg.

A

25 to 30

43
Q

DLCO is decreased as a result of:

A

(1) O2 toxicity
(2) Emphysema
(3) Sarcoidosis
(4) Edema
(5) Asbestosis

44
Q

V/Q SCANNING

For the determination of gas distribution, the patient inhales ________ and holds the breath for 10 to 20 seconds. Radiographs (photoscintigrams) are obtained to observe how the xenon was distributed in the lungs.

A

radioactive isotope xenon

45
Q

What measurements are decreased in obstructive diseases?

A
  • FEV1
  • FEV/FVC
  • FEF 25-75%
  • FEF 200-1200
46
Q

What measurements are increased in obstructive diseases?

A
  • FRC
  • TLC
  • RV
47
Q

What measurements are decreased in restrictive diseases?

A
  • FRC
  • FVC
  • IC
  • IRV

and normal FEV/FVC value

48
Q

Severity of obstruction (by interpretation of FEV1)

Mild

A

70-74%

49
Q

Severity of obstruction (by interpretation of FEV1)

Moderate

A

60-69%

50
Q

Severity of obstruction (by interpretation of FEV1)

Moderately severe

A

50-59%

51
Q

Severity of obstruction (by interpretation of FEV1)

Severe

A

35-49%

52
Q

Severity of obstruction (by interpretation of FEV1)

Very severe

A

<35%

53
Q

Predicted values are determined from what?

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Height
  • IBW
  • Race

Respiratory Care Seminar‼️ (19 decks)

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