Ch 16 Vocab Flashcards
(20 cards)
Gene pool
A term used to describe the total genetic information available in a population
Population genetics
The study of evolution from a genetic point of view
Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium
The principle that genotype frequencies in a population tend to remain the same from generation to generation unless acted on by outside influences
Immigration
The movement of individuals into a population
Emigration
The movement of individuals out of a population
Gene flow
The process of genes moving from one population to another
Genetic drift
The phenomenon by which allele frequencies in a population changes as a result of random events, or chance
Sexual selection
The tendency that females will choose the males they mate with based on certain traits
Disruptive selection
Individuals with either extreme variation of a trait have greater fitness that individuals with the average form of the trait
Stabilizing selection
Individuals with the average form of a trait have the highest fitness
Directional selection
Individuals that display a more extreme form of a trait have greater fitness than individuals with an average form of the trait
Speciation
The process of species formation
Morphology
The internal and external structure and appearance of an organism
Biological species concept
A species is a population of organisms that can successfully interbreed but cannot breed with other groups
Geographic isolation
The physical separation of members of a population
Allopathic speciation
Happens when species arise as a result of geographic isolation
Reproductive isolation
Results from barriers to successful breeding between population groups in the same area
Prezygotic isolation
Or premating isolation occurs before fertilization
Postzygotic isolation
Or postmating isolation occurs after fertilization
Sympatric speciation
Occurs when two sub populations become reproductively isolated within the same geographic area
