CH. 18 - Renal System

Question 1

Detrusor muscle

Answer 1

smooth muscle of urinary bladder

Question 2

External urethral orifice

Answer 2

opening of the urethra to the outside of the body

Question 3

external urethral sphincter

Answer 3

skeletal muscle ring in the urogenital diaphragm; under voluntary control

Question 4

Hilus

Answer 4

indentation on medial side of kidney; attachment site of ureter and vessels

Question 5

Internal urethral orifice

Answer 5

opening from the urinary bladder into the urethra

Question 6

Internal urethral sphincter

Answer 6

smooth muscle ring at the base of the urinary bladder; under autonomic control

Question 7

Kidney

Answer 7

major blood filtering organ; right kidney is slightly more inferior than left kidney

Question 8

Major calyx

Answer 8

located between the minor calyx and renal pelvis

Question 9

Membranous urethra

Answer 9

passes through the urogenital diaphragm

Question 10

Minor calyx

Answer 10

receives urine from a renal papilla

Question 11

Prostatic urethra

Answer 11

only in males; passes through the prostate gland

Question 12

Renal capsule

Answer 12

dense connective tissue covering of a kidney

Question 13

Renal cortex

Answer 13

outer portion of kidney

Question 14

Renal medulla

Answer 14

deeper portion of kidney

Question 15

Renal papilla

Answer 15

projection into a minor calyx; receives urine from collecting ducts

Question 16

Renal pelvis

Answer 16

cavity in kidney that collects urine from all nephrons

Question 17

Renal pyramid

Answer 17

traingular region in kidney; site of collecting ducts

Question 18

Spongy urethra (penile urethra)

Answer 18

only in males; passes through the penis

Question 19

Trigone

Answer 19

region at the base of the urinary bladder; inlcudes openings of the ureters and urethra

Question 20

Ureters

Answer 20

smooth muscle tubes that transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

Question 21

Urethra

Answer 21

tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside

Question 22

urinary bladder

Answer 22

smooth muscle organ that stores urine

Question 23

Urogenital diaphragm

Answer 23

skeletal muscles that form base of pelvic cavity

Question 24

Afferent arteriole

Answer 24

transports blood from an interlobular artery into the glomerulus

Question 25

Arcuate artery

Answer 25

Transports blood from an interlobar artery to a cortical radiate artery

Question 26

Arcuate vein

Answer 26

transports blood from a cortical radiate vein to an interlobar vein

Question 27

Cortical radiate artery (interlobular arteries)

Answer 27

transports blood from an arcuate artery to an afferent arteriole

Question 28

Cortical radiate vein (interlobular veins)

Answer 28

transports blood from a peritubular capillary to an arcuate vein

Question 29

Efferent artieriole

Answer 29

transports blood from the glomerulus to peritubular capillaries

Question 30

Interlobar artery

Answer 30

transports blood from a segmental artery to an arcuate artery

Question 31

Interlobar vein

Answer 31

transports blood from an arcuate vein to the renal vein

Question 32

Peritubular capillary

Answer 32

Transports blood around a nephron and to a cortical radiate vein

Question 33

Renal artery

Answer 33

transports blood from the aorta to a segmental artery

Question 34

Renal vein

Answer 34

transports blood from an interlobar vein to the inferior vena cava

Question 35

Segmental artery

Answer 35

transports blood from the renal artery to an interlobar artery

Question 36

Vasa recta

Answer 36

peritubular capillaries that surround the nephron loop of a juxtamedullary nephron; transports blood from peritubular capillaries into cortical radiate veins

Question 37

Ascending limb

Answer 37

transports filtrate toward the renal cortex from the nephron loop

Question 38

Collecting duct

Answer 38

Drains urine from nephrons; between DCT and minor calyx

Question 39

Convoluted nephron

Answer 39

in renal cortex

Question 40

Descending limb

Answer 40

transports filtrate toward the renal pelvis from the PCT

Question 41

Glomerular capsule

Answer 41

Bowman's capsule; collects filtrate from glomerulus

Question 42

Glomerulus

Answer 42

Ball of capillaries within renal corpuscle

Question 43

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 43

union of afferent arteriole and distal convoluted tubule; releases renin and erythropoietin

Question 44

Juxtamedullary nephron

Answer 44

Nephron with nephron loops deep in the medulla

Question 45

Nephron loop (Loop of Henle)

Answer 45

connection between the descending and ascending limbs

Question 46

Pedicel

Answer 46

spider shaped cell around a glomerular capillary

Question 47

Renal corpuscle

Answer 47

glomerular capsule and the glomerulus together