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APUSH > Ch. 19 > Flashcards

Ch. 19 Flashcards

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1
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe’s “Uncle Toms Cabin”…

A

Greatly strengthen northern antislavery

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2
Q

Hinton R. Helpers “The Impending Crisis of The South” contended that …

A

Slavery did great harm to the poor whites of the south

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3
Q

The conflict of slavery in Kansas…

A

was greatly escalated by abolitionist- funded settlers and proslavery “borderruffians” from missouri

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4
Q

As presented to congress, the Lecompton constitution provided for…

A

The admission of kansas as a slave state

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5
Q

The fanatical abolitionist John Brown made his first entry in violent antislavery politics by…

A

Killing five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas

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6
Q

The Sumner- Brooks affair revealed…

A

that violent disagreements about slavery were being felt in the halls of congress

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7
Q

The election of 1856 was noteworthy for…

A

the dramatic rise of the republican party

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8
Q

In the Dred Scott decision, the supreme court ruled…

A

that congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories because slaves were private property

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9
Q

The panic of 1857 encouraged the south to believe that

A

its economy was fundamentally stronger than that of the north

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10
Q

A key issue in the Lincoln-Douglas debates was

A

whether the people of a territory could prohibit slavery in the light of the Dred Scott decision

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11
Q

Southerners were particularly enraged by the John Brown affair because

A

they believed Brown’s violent abolitionist sentiments were shared by the whole North

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12
Q

In the campaign of 1860, the democratic party

A

split into two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate

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13
Q

During the campaign of 1860, Abraham Lincoln and the Republican party

A

opposed the expansion of slavery but made no statements threatening to abolish slavery in the south

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14
Q

Within two months after the election of Lincoln

A

seven southern states had seceded and formed the confederate states of america

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15
Q

Lincoln rejected the proposal crittenden compromise because

A

it peritted the further expansion of slavery to the north of the line 36’30’’

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16
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe

A

“The little woman who wrote the
book that made this great war” (the
CivilWar)

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17
Q

Hinton R. Helper

A

Southern-born author whose book
attacking slavery’s effects on
whites aroused northern opinion

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18
Q

New England Emigrant Aid Company

A

Abolitionist group that sent settlers
and “Beecher’s Bibles” to oppose
slavery in Kansas

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19
Q

John Brown

A

Fanatical and bloody-minded
abolitionist martyr admired in the
North and hated in the South

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20
Q

James Buchanan

A

Weak Democratic president whose
manipulation by proslavery forces
divided his own party

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21
Q

Charles Sumner

A

Abolitionist senator whose verbal
attack on the South provoked a
physical assault that severely
injured him

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22
Q

Preston Brooks

A

Southern congressman whose
bloody attack on a northern senator
fueled sectional hatred

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23
Q

John C. Fermont

A

Romantic western hero and the first

Republican candidate for presiden

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24
Q

Dred Scott

A

Black slave whose unsuccessful
attempt to win his freedom
deepened the sectional controvers

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25
Harpers Ferry, Virginia
Site of a federal arsenal where a militant abolitionist attempted to start a slave rebellion
26
Stephen A. Douglas
Leading northern Democrat whose presidential hopes fell victim to the conflict over slavery
27
Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas
Scene of militant abolitionist John Brown's massacre of proslavery men in 1856
28
John C. Breckenridge
Buchanan's vice president, nominated for president by breakaway southern Democrats in I 860
29
Montgomery, Alabama
Site where seven seceding states united to declare their independence from the tjnited States
30
Jefferson Davis
Former United States senator who in I 861 became the president of what called itself a new nation
31
UNCLE TOMS CABIN
A powerful, personal novel that altered the course of American politics
32
The impending crisis of south
A book by a southern writer that argued that slavery especially oppressed poor whites
33
Bleeding kansas
term that described the prairie territory where a small-scale civil war erupted in 1856
34
Lecompton constitution
Tricky proslavery document designed to bring Kansas into the Union but blocked by Stephen A. Douglas
35
Know- Nothings Party/ American party
anti-immigrant party headed by former President Fillmore that competed with Republicans and Democrats in the election of 1856
36
Dred- Scott Deccision
Controversial Supreme Court ruling that blacks had no civil or human rights and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories
37
panic of 1857
Sharp economic decline that increased northern demands for a high tariff and convinced southerners that the North was economically vulnerable
38
Lincoln Debates
Thoughtful political discussions during an Illinois Senate campaign that sharply defined national issues concerning slavery
39
Constitutional union Party
Newly formed middle-of-the-road party of elderly politicians that sought compromise in 1860, but carried only three border states
40
south carolina
First state to secede from the Union in December 1860
41
confederate states
a new nation that proclaimed its independence in Montgomery. Alabama, in 1861
42
Crittenden Compromise
A last-ditch plan to save the Union by providing guarantees for slavery in the territories
43
Election of 1860
Four-way race for the presidency that resulted in the election of a sectional minority presiden
44
Lame duck period
Period between Lincoln's election and his inauguration, during which the ineffectual President Buchanan remained in office
45
H. B. Stowe's Uncle | Tom's Cabin
Persuaded millions of northerners and Europeans that slavery was evil and should be eliminate
46
The exercise of "popular | sovereignty" in Kansas
Led to a "mini" prairie civil war between proslavery and antislavery factions
47
Buchanan's support for the pro-slavery Lecompton Constitution
Offended Senator Douglas and | divided the Democratic party
48
The Dred Scott case
Infuriated Republicans and made them determined to defu the Supreme Court
49
The 1858 Illinois senate | race
Made Lincoln a leading national Republican figure and hurt Douglas's presidential chances
50
John Brown's raid on | Harpers Ferry
Convinced southemers that the North generally supported murder and slave rebellion
51
The splitting of the | Democratic party in | 860
Shattered one of the last links between the sections and almost guaranteed Lincoln's victory in 1860
52
The election of Lincoln as | president
Moved South Carolina to declare | immediate secession from the Union
53
The "lame-duck" period and Buchanan's indecisivenes
Paralyzed the North while the southern secessionist movement gained momentum
54
Lincoln's rejection of the | Criffenden Compromis
Ended the last hopes ofa peaceable sectional settlement and an end to secession
55
Freeport Doctrine
The Freeport Doctrine occurred in Freeport, Illinois during the debates of Lincoln and Douglas for senator. This was a question that Lincoln asked Douglas that made Douglas answer in such a way that the South would know that he was not truly supporting them
56
Roger Taney
He was Chief Justice for the Dred Scott case. A decision was made on March 6, 1857. Roger Taney ruled against Dred Scott. Scott was suing for freedom because of his long residence in free territory. He was denied freedom because he was property and his owner could take him into any territory and legally hold him as a slave. This court ruling was major cause in starting the Civil War.
57
John Breckinridge
John Breckinridge was the vice-president elected in 1856. Breckinridge was nominated for the presidential election of 1860 for the Southern Democrats. After Democrats split, the Northern Democrats would no longer support him. Breckenridge favored the extension of slavery, but was not a Disunionist. Breckinridge also wanted to keep the Union together, but when the polls started he couldn't even get the votes of his own party.
58
John Bell
Nominated for presidency in 1860 by the Constitutional Union Party, which formed a split in the Union. He was a compromise candidate
59
John Crittenden
A Senator of Kentucky, that fathered two sons: one became a general in the Union Army, the other a general in the Confederate Army. He is responsible for the Crittenden Compromise. This augments the fact that the war was often between families, and its absurdity. Kentucky and other states were split up between the Union and Confederacy, and both in the North and South sent people to the other side. This makes it clear that the war is primarily over slavery.
60
Hinton Helper 1875
book entitled 'Impending Crisis of the South' that stirred trouble. Attempted to prove that indirectly the non-slave holding whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery; the book was banned in the South but countless copies were distributed as campaign material for republicans

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