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CH 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Acids are:

  • Sour
  • Bitter
A

Sour

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2
Q

Bases are:
-Sour
-Bitter

A

Bitter

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3
Q

Which colour do acids turn the colour of litmus to ?

A

Acids turn blue litmus to red

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4
Q

What colour do bases turn litmus to?

A

bases turn red litmus blue

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5
Q

Name all natural indicators

A

Litmus
Turmeric
Red cabbage leaves
Coloured petals of some flowers such as Hydrangea, Petunia and Geranium

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6
Q

Name all Synthetic indicators

A

Phenolphthalein
Methyl Orange

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7
Q

Name all Olfactory indicators

A

Onion
Vanilla Essence
Clove oil

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8
Q

Colour of Hydrangea Plant in Acidic and Basic solutions.

A

Acidic: Blue
Basic: Pink

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9
Q

Colour of Turmeric in Acidic and Basic solutions.

A

Acidic: No change
Basic: Red

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10
Q

Colour of Phenolphthalein in Acidic and Basic solution.

A

Acidic: Colourless
Basic: Pink

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11
Q

Colour of Methyl Orange in Acidic and Basic Solution.

A

Acidic: Red
Basic: Yellow

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12
Q

Smell of Onion in Acidic and Basic solution.

A

Acidic: Smell retains
Basic: No smell

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13
Q

Smell of Vanilla Essence in Acidic and Basic solution.

A

Acidic: Smell retains
Basic: No smell

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14
Q

What are Olfactory indicators?

A

Substances whose odour changes in acidic or basic media.

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15
Q

What are alkalis?

A

Bases that are soluble in water

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16
Q

What are salts?

A

Salts are produced due to a reaction between acids and bases

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17
Q

What are Indicators?

A

They tell us whether the substance that we’re testing is acidic or basic

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18
Q

Colour of litmus solution

A

Purple dye

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19
Q

Litmus solution is extracted from which plant? and which division does it belong to?

A

Litchen and it belongs to Thallophyta divison

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20
Q

Acid + Metal gives?
give example:

A

Salt + hydrogen
HCL + Na –> NaCL + H2
H2SO4 + Zn –> ZnSO4 + H2

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21
Q

Does every metal react with acid?

A

Only metals which are above hydrogen in the reactivity series can remove hydrogen from acids.

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22
Q

Base + Metal gives?
Give example

A

Salt + Hydrogen
NaOH + ZnO –> Na2ZnO2(sodium zincate) + H2

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23
Q

Strong acid + Strong base–>

Strong acid + Weak base–>
Weak acid+ Strong base–>

A
  1. Neutral salt
  2. Acidic salt
  3. Basic salt
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24
Q

Acid + metal carbonate(Co3)–>

A

Salt + CO2 + H2O

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25
Acid + Metal hydrogencarbonate-->
Salt + CO2+ H2O
26
What will this form: HCL + NaHCO3-->
Nacl + CO2 + H2O
27
What will this form: H2SO4 + CaCO3-->
CaSO4 + CO2+ H2O
28
Do bases react with metal carbonates and metal hydrogencarbonates? If not then why?
Bases do not react with them. because carbonate and hydrogen carbonate are basic in nature and Base + Base--> no reaction
29
CaCO3 + H2O + CO2-->
Ca(HCO3)2 (calcium bicarbonate)
30
Acid + Base-->
Salt + Water
31
What is Neutralisation reaction?
Reaction between acid and base to give salt and water
32
Are Metal oxides acidic or basic in nature?
Basic
33
Metal oxide + acid--> give example
salt + water CuO + HCL -->CuCL2 + H2O MgO+ H2SO4--> MgSO4+ H2O
34
What is the nature of non-metallic oxides?
Acidic
35
Non-metallic oxides+base--> give example
Salt + Water - Ca(OH)2 + CO2-->CaCO3+H20 -Mg(OH)2+SO2-->MgSO4+H20
36
name non-metallic oxides
Co2, So2, ClO2, So3, No2
37
Acids dissolve to give what?
Acids dissolve in water to give H+ or H3O+ ions. H3O+ is hydronium ion
38
Bases dissolve in water to give what?
OH- ions
39
Will the bulb glow if kept in Glucose solution? and what happens in Alcohol?
In neither of them, does the bulb glow. There is any release of H+ ions so current won't flow.
40
Testing HCL gas with a dry litmus paper will change the colour to?
There will be no change because acids need water to show its acidic properties. similarly with bases.
41
Process of dissolving acid or a base in water is a which type of reaction?
Highly exothermic
42
Which is correct: - add water to acid all at once - add acid to base with constant stirring
Option 2 adding water to acid generates head and this may cause the mixture to splash out and cause burns
43
What is pH scale? and what does 'p' stand for?
A scale for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. 'p' stands for potenz in German = Power
44
What does 0 and 14 signify in a pH scale?
0 is very acidic and 14 is very alkaline (Basic)
45
What is the unit of pH?
no unit. just a number
46
Is this true? lower the hydronium ion concentration, higher is the pH value?
No. Higher the hydronium ion concentration, lower is the pH value.
47
Increase in H+ ion concentration is: Decrease in H+ ion concentration is:
1. Acidic 2. Basic
48
pH of -our body? -acid rain -tooth decay
7.0 to 7.8 lower than 5.6 less than 5.5
49
which is the hardest substance in the body?
Tooth enamel
50
enamel is made of?
Calcium hydroxyapatite (crystalline form of calcium phosphate)
51
What is the nature of bee sting?
Acid (burning pain)
52
What do stinging hair of nettle leaves inject? solution to this?
Methanoic acid ( burning pain) rub with leaf of dock plant(grows beside)
53
which acids do they contain: -vinegar -orange -tamarind -tomato -sour milk -lemon -ant sting
acetic acid citric acid tartaric acid oxalic acid lactic acid citric acid methanoic
54
Chemical name of caustic soda
Sodium hydroxide
55
What is chlor-alkali process? give equation
when electricity is passed through aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide NaCL + H2O --> NaOH + CL2+ H2
56
Chemical formula and name of bleaching powder.
Calcium oxychloride CaOCL2
57
Chemical formula and name of baking soda.
Sodium hydrogencarbonate NaHCo3
58
What causes bread and cakes to rise making them soft?
Carbon dioxide produced when baking soda is added to food
59
Chemical formula and name for Washing Soda.
Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate Na2CO3.10H2O
60
What is water of crystallization?
Water of crystallization is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of a salt. it is not free water. it is molecular moisture
61
How many water molecules are present in one formula unit of copper sulphate?
5 CuSO4.5H2O (Blue vitriol)
62
Does Gypsum have water of crystallization?
Yes CaSO4.2H2O gypsum is a salt
63
Chemical name of Plaster of Paris.
Calcium Sulphate hemihydrate CaSO4.1/2 H2O
64
Heating Gypsum at what temperate loses water to form Plaster of Paris?
373.15 K

Chemistry (4 decks)

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