Metals and Non-Metals

Question 1

Give an example for non-metals which are
1. gases
2. liquid
3. Shiny Crystals

Answer 1

Gases: Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen
Liquid: Bromine
Shiny Crystals: Iodine
Non-metal in solid form: Carbon, Sulphur

Question 2

Define Malleable.

Answer 2

Property of substances to get beaten into thin sheets.

Question 3

Most malleable metals

Answer 3

Gold and Silver

Question 4

Define Ductile

Answer 4

Property of substances to be drawn into wires

Question 5

Most ductile metals

Answer 5

Platinum, silver, gold

Question 6

Which metals are not good conductors of heat and electricity?

Answer 6

Lead and Mercury

Question 7

Define Lusturous. OR metallic Lustre

Answer 7

Property of substances to shine
Metals in their pure state have a shining surface

Question 8

Which metals are not sonorous?

Answer 8

Soft metals such as Alkali metals, mercury

Question 9

Which metals are soft?

Answer 9

Alkali metals such as Lithium, Sodium, Potassium

Question 10

Which metals have low melting points?

Answer 10

Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K), Cesium, and Gallium

Question 11

All physical properties of metals.

Answer 11

Malleable
Ductile
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Lustrous
Sonorous
Are generally hard
Have high melting and boiling points
Are soild at room temperature

Question 12

Which metals are not solid at room temperature?

Answer 12

Mercury and Gallium

Question 13

Physical properties of Non-metals

Answer 13

Not malleable
Not ductile
Do not conduct heat and electricity
Not lustrous
Are generally soft
Have comparatively low melting and boiling points
May be solid, liquid, or gaseous at room temp
Not sonorous

Question 14

Which non-metals conducts electricity?

Answer 14

Graphite- an allotrope of carbon

Question 15

Which non-metals are not lustrous?

Answer 15

Iodine and Graphite

Question 16

Which non-metal is not soft?

Answer 16

Diamond- an allotrope of carbon is extremely hard

Question 17

Which non-metal has a very high boiling and melting point?

Answer 17

Diamond

Question 18

Which metals are the best conductors of heat?

Answer 18

Silver and Copper

Question 19

What are wires coated with? and Why?

Answer 19

Polyvinylchloride (PVC) or rubber like material
They are insulators and help protect from getting shocked

Question 20

Which two elements are liquid at room temperature?

Answer 20

Mercury and Bromine

Question 21

Metal oxides are Acidic or Basic?

Answer 21

Basic

Question 22

Non-metal oxides are acidic or basic?

Answer 22

Acidic

Question 23

Define Amphoteric Oxides.

Answer 23

Metal oxides which show both acidic and basic behaviour. They react with both acids and bases to produce salts and water.

Question 24

Example of Amphoteric oxides.

Answer 24

Aluminium Oxide and Zinc oxide
Al2O3 + HCL–> AlCl3 + H2O
Al2O3 + NaOH –> NaAlO2 + H2O

ZnO + HCL–> ZnCl2 + H2o
ZnO + NaOH –> Na2ZnO2 + H2O

Question 25

Which metal oxides dissolve in water to form alkalis? check answer

Answer 25

Sodium oxide, Potassium Oxide, Calcium Oxide, and Magnesium Oxide

Question 26

Which substances react with Oxygen even at room temperature?

Answer 26

Sodium and Potassium

Question 27

Which substances are immersed in kerosene oil or petrol to prevent accidental fire?

Answer 27

Na and K

Question 28

Which substance doesn't burn on heating but it's filling burn vigorously when sprinkled in flame?

Answer 28

Fe

Question 29

Which substances don't react with Oxygen even at high temperatures?

Answer 29

Silver and Gold

Question 30

Define Anodising.

Answer 30

Process of forming a thick oxide layer of aluminium

Question 31

Which metals react violently when placed in cold water?

Answer 31

Na and K H2 gas catches fire and burns explosively

Question 32

Which substance reacts with cold water?

Answer 32

Calcium Ca + H2O --> Ca(OH)2 + H2

Question 33

Which substance reacts quickly with hot water?

Answer 33

Mg Mg+ H2O --> Mg(OH)2 + H2

Question 34

Which substances only react with steam? And form what?

Answer 34

Fe, Zn, Al They form oxides. Al2O3, Fe3O4, ZnO

Question 35

Which substances float when they react with water?

Answer 35

Ca and Mg

Question 36

Which metals don't react with water at all?

Answer 36

Metals below Hydrogen in reactivity series do not react. Pt, Cu, Ag, Au

Question 37

HNO3 is strong: Oxidizing or Reducing agent?

Answer 37

Oxidizing. it oxidises the H2 produces to H2O and reduces itself to N2O, NO, NO2

Question 38

Which metals react with very dil HNO3 to evolve H2?

Answer 38

Manganese and Magnesium

Question 39

What is Aqua Regia also called?

Answer 39

Royal Water

Question 40

What is Aqua Regia?

Answer 40

Freshly prepared mixture of conc nirtic acid and conc HCL

Question 41

Ratio of substances in aqua regia?

Answer 41

HNO3 : HCL 1:3

Question 42

What are the properties of aqua regia?

Answer 42

Highly corrosive and fuming liquid Can dissolve all metals EVen gold and platinum which couldn't be dissolved if HNO3 and HCL were alone

Question 43

Metal + Acid--> Give example

Answer 43

Salt + H2 Zn + HCL --> ZnCl2 + H2 Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2

Question 44

Which metals: - react violently with HCL/ H2SO4 -react very slowly with them -does not react at all

Answer 44

Na, Mg, Ca react violently Fe reacts very slowly Cu doesn't react at all

Question 45

Non metal + oxygen give example

Answer 45

Non metal + oxide produce non-metallic oxides C + O2 --> CO2

Question 46

Non metal + water Non metallic oxides + water

Answer 46

non metals do not react with water Non metallic oxides with water produce acids (Ex: Carbonic acid - H2CO3)

Question 47

Non metals + dil Acids

Answer 47

Non metals do not react with dil acids as they can't displace hydrogen

Question 48

NaBr + Cl2 -->

Answer 48

NaCl + Br2

Question 49

Define Ionic bonds. (electrovalent compounds)

Answer 49

Bond formed when one atom donates electron to achieve the inert gas configuration and other gains the electron

Question 50

Properties of Ionic compounds

Answer 50

- Physical nature: they're solid and harder due to attractive force b/w ions - Melting point and boiling point: Strong attractive force, so to break them more energy is needed. high melting and boiling points. -Solubility: they're soluble in charged solvents(H2O) and insoluble in carbon tetrachloride -conduction electricity: this requires movement of electrons. in solid state ionic compounds don't conduct. in molten state they do.