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Anatomy And Physiology For SLP > Ch 2 & 3 > Flashcards

Ch 2 & 3 Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of gas between an organism and its environment

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2
Q

Inspiration

A

Breathing in

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3
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out

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4
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs where gas exchange happens after gas has been drawn into the system

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5
Q

Diffusion

A

Migrating or mixing of one material through another

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6
Q

Air pressure

A

Force exerted on the walls of a chamber by molecule of air

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7
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

Given a gas of constant temperature, if you increase the volume of the chamber in which the gas is contained, the pressure will decrease

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8
Q

Positive pressure

A

Air pressure that exceeds atmospheric pressure; molecules are much closer together and pressure is increased

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9
Q

Negative pressure

A

Air pressure is less than atmospheric pressure; molecules move farther apart so pressure decreases

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10
Q

Foramina

A

Openings

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11
Q

Corpus

A

Body

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12
Q

Facet

A

Small face

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13
Q

Tubercle

A

A small rounded prominence on bone

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14
Q

Pedicle

A

Foot

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15
Q

Ambulation

A

Walking

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16
Q

Intervertebral disks

A

Separates the individual vertebrae of the vertebral column

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17
Q

Chondral

A

Cartilaginous

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18
Q

Xiphoid or ensiform process

A

Tip of the sternum; sword or swordlike

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19
Q

Congenital

A

Present at birth

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20
Q

Bolus

A

Ball or lump of masticated food ready to swallow

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21
Q

Mediastinal

A

Referring to the middle space; in respiration it refers to the organs separating the lungs

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22
Q

Dead air

A

Air that does not descend below the space that cannot undergo gas exchange with the blood

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23
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux

A

Reintroduction of gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus and respiratory passageway

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24
Q

Pulmonary

A

Pertaining to the lungs

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25
Goblet cells
Within the mucosal lining and submucosal glands that secrete lubricant into the respiratory tract to trap pollutants as they enter the trachea and larynx
26
Cilia
Hairlike processes that line the respiratory passageway from the nose to the beginning of the bronchi and beat the pollutants upward and posteriorly
27
Mucus
Dense fluid product of mucous membrane tissue
28
Aspiration
Entry of liquid or solid materials into the lungs
29
Vertical dimension (of thoracic expansion)
The superior-inferior dimension of thorax movement generated by contraction of the diaphragm
30
Transverse dimension (of thoracic expansion)
Antero-posterior and lateral dimensional expansion of the thorax generated by contraction of the accessory muscles of inspiration
31
Venules
Tiny veins
32
Hiatus
Opening
33
Diaphragmatic contraction
Expands the lungs, drawing air into them through the bronchial passageway
34
Quiet inspiration
Inspiration that involves minimal muscular activity, involves primarily that of the diaphragm
35
Forced inspiration
Inspiration that involves both diaphragm and accessory muscles of inspiration
36
Cervical plexus
Group of phrenic nerves that anastomoses from the spinal nerves C1-C4
37
Parasternal
Near the sternum
38
Forced expiration
Reverses the process by pulling the thorax down and in by forcing the diaphragm higher into the thorax
39
Active expiration
Expiration arising from muscular activity
40
Passive expiration
Expiration arising from passive forces of muscular tissue elasticity
41
Spirometer
Decide used to measure respiratory volume
42
Manometer
Device used to measure air pressure differences
43
Ventilation
Air inhaled per unit time
44
Perfusion
Migration of fluid through a barrier
45
Quiet tidal volume
Tidal volume at rest, approximately 525cc for male and female adults combined
46
Capacities
Combinations of respiratory volumes that express physiological limits
47
Inspiration reserve volume
Volume of air that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration
48
Expiratory reserve volume
Volume of air that can be expired after a tidal expiration
49
Residual volume
Volume of air remaining after a maximum exhalation
50
Vital capacity
Total volume of air that can be inspired after a maximal expiration
51
Functional residual capacity
Volume of air remaining in the body after a passive exhalation
52
Total lung capacity
Sum of tidal volume, inspiration reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume
53
Inspiratory capacity
Maximum inspiratory volume possible after tidal expiration
54
Intraoral (mouth) pressure
Pressure that could be measured within the mouth
55
Alveolar (pulmonic) pressure
Pressure that is present within the individual alveolus
56
Pleural (intrapleural) pressure
Pressure in the space between the parietal and visceral pleurae
57
Pneumothorax
Aggregation of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall, with subsequent loss of the negative intrapleural pressure
58
Atmospheric pressure
Pressure on the earth, acts as a constant zero with which to compare respiratory pressures
59
Recoil forces
Drive the respiratory system back to equilibrium after inspiration or expiration
60
Checking action
Use of muscles of inspiration to impede the outward flow of air during respiration for speech
61
Minute volume
Volume of air exchanged by an organism in one minute
62
Dead air space
Air within conducting passageways that cannot be involved in gas exchange
63
Respiratory capacity
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Anatomy And Physiology For SLP (3 decks)

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