Ch. 2 Dental Decay or Dental Caries

Question 1

One of the most common diseases throughout the world

Answer 1

Dental decay/caries

Question 2

What are dental caries

Answer 2

-INFECTIOUS, PROGRESSIVE DISEASE THAT
AFFECTS THE DENTAL TISSUE, WITH DENTAL
TISSUE LOSS

Question 3

What is characteristic to the advanced stages in dental caries? (2)

Answer 3

• cavities can affect permanent and primary teeth

- affects external dental tisues and root canal (dental pulp)

Question 4

What happens during tooth decay?(2)

Answer 4

• demineralization of hard tissues (enamel, dentin, cementum)
• destruction of organic matter

Question 5

What are the hard tissues (3)

Answer 5

• enamel
• dentin
• cementum

Question 6

Is there enamel on the root? What other tissues can we find?

Answer 6

no

dentin & cementum

Question 7

What is the organic matter of the tooth?

Answer 7

-pulp

Question 8

How many stages of dental decay are there?

Answer 8

5

Question 9

Another term for dental decay?

Answer 9

Caries

Question 10

What occurs during stage 1 of dental decay?

Answer 10

• whiteish enamel
• white spot
• demineralization of enamel
• incipient carious lesion

Question 11

What is reversible during the progression of decay? (2)

Answer 11

• white stains are reversible

- stages 1 & 2

Question 12

What occurs during stage 2 of dental decay?

Answer 12

irregularities in the enamel

Question 13

What occurs during stage 3 of dental decay?

Answer 13

Cavity of the dentin

-tissue lost cannot be regenerated

Question 14

Which stage in dental decay is irreversible?

Answer 14

3-5

Question 15

What occurs during the 4th stage of dental decay?

Answer 15

• destruction of crown

- pulp affection

Question 16

What occurs during the 5th stage of dental decay?

Answer 16

Pulp necrosis

Question 17

What causes cavities? (4)

Answer 17

• susceptible tooth
• time
• sugar
• bacteria

Question 18

How do bacteria cause caries? (2)

Answer 18

• acidogenic bacterial
• colonize tooth in presence of fermentable carbohydrates
• convert carbs to acids through glycolytic fermentation

Question 19

What are fermentable carbs? (3)

Answer 19

• sucrose
• fructose
• glucose

Question 20

What makes an individual susceptible to different degrees?(3)

Answer 20

• shape and position of teeth
• oral hygiene habits (accumulation of dental plaque)
• buffering capacity of saliva

Question 21

What is the name of the bacteria causing caries?

Answer 21

streptococci mutans

Question 22

What oral hygiene habits remove plaque? (4)

Answer 22

• proeper brushing and flossing
• mouthwash
• waterpick
• interdental brushes

Question 23

What can prevent caries? (3)

Answer 23

• oral hygiene
• diet modification
• flouride treatments
• sealants

Question 24

Caries develop in acidic or basic environments?

Answer 24

acidic

Question 25

What diet modifications help with caries preventation?

Answer 25

- minimizing chewy & stick foods - increase protective food (cheese) - minimize snaking

Question 26

How do flouride treatments help with caries prevention?

Answer 26

recalcifying tooth enamel

Question 27

Where can we find flourides for dental care? (4)

Answer 27

- barnish - gel - mouthwashes - toothpaste

Question 28

How do sealants help with caries prevention?

Answer 28

avoid food being trapped inside

Question 29

How do we diagnoses caries? (2)

Answer 29

- exploration with a mirror | - X-rays (bitewing)

Question 30

What do we never use for the diagnosis of caries?

Answer 30

panoramic X-ray

Question 31

What can we see with dental X-rays?

Answer 31

- interproximal caries - extension - pulp affection

Question 32

What are the intraoral radiographs? (2)

Answer 32

- bite-wing x rays | - periapical x-rays

Question 33

What are bite-wing x-rays used for?

Answer 33

- Caries diagnosis | - crowns posterior teeth, molars + premolars

Question 34

What are periapical x-rays used for?

Answer 34

- in endodontics | - entire length of each tooth (Crown to root)

Question 35

What are extraoral radiographs?

Answer 35

-panoramic x-rays

Question 36

What are panoramic x-rays used for? (4)

Answer 36

- film outside mouth - teeth, jaw, skull - growth and development - impacted teeth