Ch 22 Hardship and Hope Flashcards
(21 cards)
Who wasﾠWill Rogers?
A Cherokee, comedian, critic of the rich and powerful, movie star, journalist, and adviser to FDR. Most prominent voice of the new Americanism of the 30’s. Supported FDR’s New Deal. Pushed FDR to left by supporting taxation of the rich and redistribution of wealth. Died in a plane crash in 35.
Describe the deportation of Mexicans and Mexican-Americans in the early 1930s.
Between 1932 and 1934, more than 500K Mexicans and Mexican Americans (1/3 of the Mexican US population) were deported. Most were children born in the US.
What percentage of African-Americans were unemployed at the height of the Great Depression?
50.00%
What was theﾠDustbowl?
Severe drought in Tex, OK, Kan, Co, and NM. Caused by farmers abandoning crops for grain (wheat) production and low rainfalls. Removed 60% of the population from the area.
What was Hoover’s response to the Great Depression?
He increased spending for public works to 700m. Established the Reconstruction Finance Corp to make govmt credit avail to banks and financial institutions. Strove for balanced budget by raising taxes and cutting spending. Opposed direct relief to the poort
What wereﾠHoovervilles?
A “Hooverville” is the popular name for shanty towns built by homeless people during the Great Depression
Describe Franklin Roosevelt background.
Came from wealth and privilege. Educated at elite schools and colleges. Senator, Asst Secy Navy, Gov of NY.
What wereﾠfireside chats?
Series of radio addresses to explain his policies and to communicate comforting and reassuring messages that reached people in the intimate setting of their homes.
What was theﾠ21st amendment?
Legislation repealing the 18th amendment (prohibition)
What was the purpose of theﾠSecurities and Exchange Commission?
To oversee the stock market and the FDIC
Who isﾠHarry Hopkins?
Headed the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Persuaded FDR to launch the Civil Works Administration (providing govnt sponsored jobs).
What was the purpose of The Agricultural Adjustment Act?
Legislation designed to prop up farm prices by limiting supply by destroying livestock and taking acreage out of production.
What was the purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps?
Plant trees, build wilderness shelters, stock rivers, revive forests and provide flood control. Employed >500,000 young men.
What was theﾠWagner act?
National Labor Relations Act, which guaranteed collective bargaining and gave a huge boost to labor unions.
What was the purpose of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration?
Provide 500 million in grants to the states for aid to the needy.
What was the purpose of the National Industrial Recovery Act?
Oversee regulation of the economy.
Who wasﾠHuey Long?
Lawyer and public service commissioner. Gov of LA. US Senator. Forged his own Share-Our-Wealth pPlan. Called for redistribution and minimum annual income of 2500.
Who was Frances Townsend?
A retired physician who proposed a 2% national sales tax that would fund a pension of $200 a month for Americans over 60. Never passed. Perhaps strengthened cause for the Social Security Act of 1935.
Who was Charles Coughlin?
Catholic priest of a church outside Det., Mi. Began broadcasting sermons on the radio, discussing political and religious issues. Called for a redistribution of wealth and attachedk Wall Street and capitalism.
What was theﾠTennessee Valley Authority?
Govn’t owned utility designed to bring power to rural areas along the Tenn. River in seven states in western Appalachia. Comprised of dams, power plants, it produced and sold electricity to farmers and facilitated the development of industry to the region.
What was theﾠSocial Security Act?
Created a system of social insurance that included unemployment compensation and old-age survivors insurance; paid for by a joint tax on employers and employees.
