Chapter 20 - War and Revolution Flashcards
(19 cards)
What was the Open Door Policy and who challenged it?
Policy that stated that all nations had equal rights to Chinas trade. No other powerful nation could close it. Japan challenged by seizing German-held Shantung peninsula in NE China.
What city became the Ellis Island of the South?
El Paso
Describe the US involvement in the Mexican Revolution.
Taft sent troops to US/Mexican border but did not allow them to intervene. Twice during the revolution, US sent troops to Mexico.
Who was Alice Paul?
Militant who formed the National Womens Party and opposed the war effort as inherently undemocratic because 1/2 of the adult population could not vote.
The 19th Amendment.
Law passed by congress ending sex discrimination in voting.
Describe Wilson’s tax reforms.
Underwood-Simmons Tarriff of 1913 cut duties. on imported goods by almost 1/2. 16th amendment in 1913 allowed a federal income tax.
What is the Clayton AntiTrust Act?
Passed in 1914, supplemented the 1890 Sherman Antitrust act by outlawing specific unfair business practices such as local price cutting and granting rebates to undermine competitors.
What was the Great Migration?
The migrating of more than 1/2 million southern African Americans to the north to take jobs made available by the war.
What was the Zimmerman Telegram?
German Ambassador Zimmerman’s secret telegram to the Mexican governemtn to “reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona” if it joined the Central Powers.
What was the Lusitania?
British ocean liner that, in may 1915, was sank and 128 Americans perished.
What is meant by unrestricted submarine warfare?
Submarine warfare that violated international law.
What is teh Committee on Public Information?
Helt the task of inspiring and maintaing public support for Wilson’s war policies. It was one of many agencies created by Wilson to manage the war effort at home.
What is the 18th Amendment?
Law prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the US and all territory subject to the jursidiction thereof for beverage purposes.
What were the 14 Points?
Points in a speech by Pres. Wilson in 1918 outlining his aims of a postwar world built not on expansion and revenge but on national self-determination, open diplomacy, and a freedom of commerce and travel, to be guaranteed by a new League of Nations.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
Meeting that redefined the land lost by the Central Powers creating Finland down to Yugoslavia. Also, it punished Germany by forcing repayment of 33billion to France and England, and re-structuring its borders.
Who were the Big Three?
Wilson, French President Georges Clemenceau, and British PM David Lloyd George.
Why did Republicans reject the Treaty of Versailles?
Article 10: guaranteeing ahead of time a collective response to defend any member’s territory from attack.
Who was Henry Cabot Lodge?
US Senate Foreign Relations Committee chair who organized the 2 Senate votes rejecting American membership in the League of Nations.
Who was Mitchell Palmer?
Attorney General whom anarchists mailed/delivered bombs to. Also, he deported to Russia 249 foreign-born radicals aboard the Buford, and his raids led to the arrest of thousands more within a month.
