Ch. 23

Question 0

Ninety-Five Theses

Answer 0

Published by Martin Luther. Described his issues with the church’s teachings

Question 1

Martin Luther

Answer 1

Started Protestant reformation by going against the Catholic Church

Question 2

Henry VIII

Answer 2

Pope wouldn’t let him divorce his wife so he and all of England left the Catholic Church

Question 3

Missionary

Answer 3

Traveling priest like people who spread religious teachings

Question 4

Council of Trent

Answer 4

Assembly of cardinals, bishops and other high officials to discuss doctrines and reforms

Question 5

Society of Jesus

Answer 5

An advanced education to become Jesuit priests

Question 6

Thirty Years War

Answer 6

Started from religious wars and turned into continental conflict

Question 7

Treaty of Westphalia

Answer 7

Led to the ending of the thirty years war which was worked on by almost all European states

Question 8

Protestant

Answer 8

Branch of Christianity that broke away under the influence of Martin Luther

Question 9

Charles V

Answer 9

Made the Spanish Inquisition detect any religious acts other then Catholicism and flush them out

Question 10

Spanish Inquisition

Answer 10

Intention was to push out those who practiced religions like Judaism and Islam

Question 11

Glorious Revolution

Answer 11

Decision to have King and Parliament working together to rule states

Question 12

Louis XIV

Answer 12

Built his Palace in Versailles with his other nobles to watch everyone and make himself the central part of ruling

Question 13

Peter I

Answer 13

Romanov Tsar who traveled to Europe and adopted many aspects of the culture such as strong military

Question 14

Versailles

Answer 14

Location of King Louis Palace outside of Paris

Question 15

St. Petersburg

Answer 15

Seaport opened by Peter I to hold his navy and serve the city

Question 16

Catherine II

Answer 16

Worked toward social reform in Russia, but it ended when it challenged her rule

Question 17

Balance of Power

Answer 17

State rulers kept equal power and anyone who became too powerful turned into an enemy of the rest

Question 18

Capitalism

Answer 18

Generated wealth in Europe because it allowed for more individual affairs for businessmen

Question 19

Adam Smith

Answer 19

Scholar who generated the foundation of Capitalism

Question 20

Joint Stock Companies

Answer 20

Large trading companies that led to global trading networks being developed

Question 21

VOC

Answer 21

Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie

The Dutch trading corporation

Question 22

Putting out system

Answer 22

Raw materials went to the countryside to be developed and sent back to cities

Question 23

Ptolemaic universe

Answer 23

Earth is the center point with hollow spheres circling it and heaven it’s past the spheres

Question 24

Copernican universe

Answer 24

Heliocentric. And humans just occupy earth as a planet

Question 25

Newton

Answer 25

Discovery of gravity and sparked the scientific revolution

Question 26

Deism

Answer 26

The belief that there is a god but you follow no religious teaching

Question 27

John Locke

Answer 27

He believed in humans having natural rights

Question 28

Nicholas Copernicus

Answer 28

Developed the heliocentric model of the universe

Question 29

John Calvin

Answer 29

Principle part in the development of Calvinism

Question 30

Kind Philip II

Answer 30

Owned many lower countries and attempted to end the growing Calvinism beliefs

Question 31

Galileo Galilei

Answer 31

Improved the telescope allowing astronomers to study space

Question 32

Johannes Kepler

Answer 32

Said planetary orbits are elliptical not circular

Question 33

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 33

Came up with the idea of three government branches and checks and balance to monitor them

Question 34

Voltaire

Answer 34

Discussed the importance of logic

Question 35

Emilie du Chatelet

Answer 35

Mistress of Voltaire. She explained the scientific works of Galileo

Question 36

Spanish Armada

Answer 36

A spanish naval fleet sailed in 1588 to attack England

Question 37

Peace of Westphalia

Answer 37

1648. Treaty created by the European leaders to end the 30 years war