Ch. 23 Musculoskeletal Flashcards
(35 cards)
What are we inspecting in joints?
size and contour, skin color and characteristics
What do we palpate in MS system?
skin, mm., bony articulations, and joint capsule
ROM can be…
active or passive
How do we measure ROM if an abnormality is present?
with goniometer
The last part of the MS examination is…
muscle testing
What are some of the main fxns of the MS system?
Helps us stand, move, protect vital organs, produce RBCs, store minerals
Framework of the body
skeleton
Functional units of the MS system?
joints
What are the two types of joints?
Nonsynovial, which are bones united by fibrous tissue or cartilage
Synovial, which are bones that can move freely because they are enclosed in joint cavity that is filled with lubricant aka synovial fluid
Importance of mm. in MS system>
Account for 40-50% of body wt. Produce movement. Depending on the type (cardiac, skeletal, or smooth) are under conscious control.
TMJ
temporomandibular joint is the joining of mandible and temporal bone. Lets us speak and chew.
polydactyly
congenital deformity; one or more extra fingers
syndactyly
congenital deformity where one or all fingers are fused
Colles fracture
fracture of distal radius with or without fracture of ulna at styloid process. Usually from a fall on an outstretched hand. Common in older women. Looks puffy with “silver fork” deformity which is a hump seen laterally.
What is the order of the physical assessment of MS system?
Inspect, palpate, ROM, m. testing.
We do proximal to distal or head to toe!
How do we avoid contractions in immobile patients?
ROM
RA
rheumatoid arthritis is chronic, inflammatory pain condition, possibly caused by an autoimmune response, inflammatory event, or infection. 2.5x more likely in women. Peaks at age 30.
Patho: Synovial tissues are inflamed, hyperplasia and swelling that leads to fibrosis, and cartilage bone destruction.
End result is deformity of joint and limited ROM.
goniometer
helps determine degrees of movement of joint in pt with decreased mobility
Bulge sign/test
confirms fluid is in the suprapatellar pouch as cause of swelling. Done by attempting to move fluid from one side to side. No fluid wave is normally found.
ballottement of patella
test for fluid in patella, if more swollen.
McMurray’s Test
special test for meniscal tears
What are some developmental changes common in pregnant women?
joint mobility increases, progressive lordosis, increased mobility in pelvic girdle, forward neck flexion, and CTS
By_____ fetus has formed skeleton of cartilage
3 mos
Increase in diameter of bone is caused by
deposition of new bony tissue around shafts
