Ch 24

Question 1

Dalton’s atomic theory states:

Answer 1

• All elements are composed of atoms
• All compounds are made of atoms from various elements
• Atoms can’t be created / destroyed in chemical reactions

Question 2

One amu is equivalent to

Answer 2

One dalton

Question 3

The atomic number of an element is equal to

Answer 3

Number of protons, which is the same as the number of electrons

Question 4

What are isotopes?

Answer 4

Different number of neutrons found in the same element

Question 5

The mass number of an element is equal to

Answer 5

Total number of protons and neutrons

Question 6

What is Avogadro’s number?

Answer 6

6.02 * 10^23

Question 7

Who provided experimental evidence that an atom has a dense, positively charged nucleus?

Answer 7

Ernest Rutherford

Question 8

Who developed the first quantum theory?

Answer 8

Max Planck

Question 9

What does the quantum theory state

Answer 9

Matter emits energy as electromagnetic radiation in bundles called “quanta”

Question 10

The energy value of a quantum is given by

Answer 10

E = hf

Question 11

What is the value of h?

Answer 11

6.662 * 10^-34

Question 12

What is the energy of an electron according to the Bohr Model?

Answer 12

E = -RH / n^2

Question 13

How is the energy of an electron related to its orbital radius?

Answer 13

The smaller the radius, the lower the energy state of the electron

Question 14

The Bohr model is used to explain the

Answer 14

Atomic emission spectrum and atomic absorption spectrum

Question 15

Electrons can be excited to higher energy levels via

Answer 15

Heat or other energy

Question 16

Electrons rapidly return to the ground state because

Answer 16

The lifetime of the excited state is brief

Question 17

The electromagnetic energy of photons is described using what equation?

Answer 17

E = hc / wavelength

Question 18

When electrons return to their ground states, each electron emits a

Answer 18

Photon with the wavelength characteristic of the specific transition it undergoes

Question 19

What is a line spectrum?

Answer 19

Each line on a spectrum corresponds to a specific electron transition

Question 20

Why does each element possess a unique atomic emission spectrum?

Answer 20

Each element can have its electrons excited to different energy levels

Question 21

Describe the Lyman Series?

Answer 21

n = 1, UV spectrum

Question 22

Describe the Balmer Series?

Answer 22

n = 2, Visible and UV spectrum

Question 23

Describe the Paschen Series?

Answer 23

n = 3, Infrared spectrum

Question 24

Describe Energy between higher and lower energy:

Answer 24

E = -Rh (1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2)

Question 25

Absorption is when

Answer 25

Electron jumps to a higher energy level

Question 26

Emission is when

Answer 26

Electron lowers to a lower energy level

Question 27

The excitation of electrons results in

Answer 27

Energy absorption

Question 28

What can be used to identify elements present in a gas phase sample?

Answer 28

Absorption spectra

Question 29

What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?

Answer 29

States that it is impossible to determine BOTH the momentum and position of an electron

Question 30

According to the Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 30

No two electrons possess the same set of quantum numbers

Question 31

What is an electron's energy state?

Answer 31

The position and energy of an electron via its quantum numbers

Question 32

The principle quantum number (n) gives information about the orbital's

Answer 32

Size

Question 33

The angular quantum number (l) gives information about the orbital's

Answer 33

Shape

Question 34

The magnetic quantum number (ml) gives information about the orbital's

Answer 34

Orientation

Question 35

The principle quantum number (n) represents

Answer 35

The shell where an electron is present in an atom

Question 36

The maximum n corresponds wit the element's

Answer 36

Period in the table

Question 37

The larger the value of n, the

Answer 37

Higher the energy level and radius of electron's orbit

Question 38

What is the maximum number of electrons in an electron shell?

Answer 38

2n^2

Question 39

How is the energy in between adjacent cells as the distance from the nucleus increases?

Answer 39

The energy decreases as the distance increases

Question 40

The angular quantum number (l) tells us both the shape of the orbitals and refers to

Answer 40

The subshells that occur within each principle energy number

Question 41

When l = 0, what is the subshell?

Answer 41

S

Question 42

When l = 1, what is the subshell?

Answer 42

P

Question 43

When l = 2, what is the subshell?

Answer 43

D

Question 44

When l = 3, what is the subshell?

Answer 44

F

Question 45

The maximum number of electrons found in a subshell can be given by the equation of

Answer 45

4l + 2