ch. 26

Question 1

naturally occurring inorganic solids with a crystalline form

Answer 1

mineral

Question 2

color powder of a mineral

Answer 2

streak

Question 3

mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallwl sides

Answer 3

cleavage

Question 4

minerals that brake with irregular surfaces exhibit

Answer 4

fracture

Question 5

phyiscal propity that mesures a mineral’s resistance to scraching

Answer 5

hardness

Question 6

molten rock materail inside earth

Answer 6

magma

Question 7

a mineral is blank blank blank

Answer 7

naturlly occuring, inorganic solid, crystalline form

Question 8

what are the two most abundant elements that make up earths crust?

Answer 8

silicon, oxygen

Question 9

what dose inorganci mean?

Answer 9

non living materials

Question 10

what does the arrangment of an atom and the bords between them reflect about a mineral

Answer 10

minerals break, how hard, what shap it takes

Question 11

what are all of the ways to idenify minerals

Answer 11

luster,hardness,streak,clevage fracture,atomic arrangment, cristal shape

Question 12

what are the two types of luster

Answer 12

metallic, nonmetallic

Question 13

how does metallic luster reflect light

Answer 13

esaly like metal nonmetallic apers waxy

Question 14

how do you preform a streak test

Answer 14

my rubbing a mineral on a ungllazed sufec

Question 15

what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals

Answer 15

cleavage, fracture

Question 16

what is the nubmer range on mohs scale of hardness

Answer 16

1-10

Question 17

how many different crystal shape systems are there

Answer 17

6

Question 18

minerals grow from the blank

Answer 18

inside out

Question 19

what are the 3 ways minerals can form

Answer 19

molten rock, hot water, evapration

Question 20

what are the two minerals gourps

Answer 20

silicates, non silicates

Question 21

which minerals group is the most abundate in earths crust

Answer 21

silicates

Question 22

what eliments are silcates made up of

Answer 22

silicon, oxigyn

Question 23

nonsilicates do not contain what elemants

Answer 23

silicon

Question 24

what minerals is used to make glass

Answer 24

quartz

Question 25

How are rocks idenified?

Answer 25

composition, and texture

Question 26

igneous rocks are formed within earths crust is called?

Answer 26

intrusive igneous rocks

Question 27

what might happen when magma psses through rock?

Answer 27

partial meating of rock it intrudes

Question 28

what is the first minerals that crystallize when magma is high?

Answer 28

olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar

Question 29

less dense minerals like ? ? ? solidfy at lower temperatures and float to the top of the magma chamber?

Answer 29

potassium, feldspar, quartz

Question 30

define clasts

Answer 30

Such small rock and mineral fragments

Question 31

what types of erosion are rocks on Earths surface exposed to?

Answer 31

water, wind, and other forces

Question 32

what does it mean if clasts are being transported?

Answer 32

weathering processes break down rocks into smaller clasts

Question 33

what does it mean if c;asts are being deposited?

Answer 33

become rounded

Question 34

define pore space

Answer 34

The empty space in between the grains

Question 35

define compaction

Answer 35

clasts stick together due to the weight of overlying material

Question 36

define cementation

Answer 36

Minerals precipitate slowly out of a water solution and crystallize in the spaces between clasts

Question 37

how are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 37

composition

Question 38

what is another name for clasts

Question 39

what are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts?

Question 40

what is the decreasing sixe of clasts?

Question 41

which clasts size would be deposited first?

Question 42

what are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks?

Question 43

how are chemical sedimentary rocks formed?

Question 44

if sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms what are they called

Answer 44

biochemical sedimentary rocks

Question 45

what are 2 common boichemical sedimentary rocks?

Question 46

what are the 3 types of sedimentary rock?

Question 47

Metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which 3 things?

Answer 47

heat, pressure, chemical reactions

Question 48

which types of rock can be changed by metamorphism?

Answer 48

Metamorphic, sedimentary, and igneous

Question 49

what is called when metamorphic changesin rocks occur over large areas?

Answer 49

regional metamorphism

Question 50

what is called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small changes?

Answer 50

contact metamorphism

Question 51

when shale is compressed, which type of metamorphic rock is created?

Answer 51

Slate

Question 52

what are two types of metamorphic rock textures?

Answer 52

foliated and non foliated

Question 53

define folizated texture

Answer 53

rocks have crystals that are arranged in layers and bands.

Question 54

define nonfoliated texture

Answer 54

rocks have crystals with more random orientations

Question 55

metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which two things?

Answer 55

texture and composition

Question 56

define rock cycle

Answer 56

continual changing of rocks from one type to another

Question 57

which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle?

Answer 57

sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic

Question 58

what are 3 types of rock?

Answer 58

sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic

Question 59

which types of rocks form frommolten rocks?

Answer 59

ingneous

Question 60

which types of rocks are formed from clasts, precipition, or compressed once living matter?

Answer 60

sedimentry

Question 61

which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, and chemical reations?

Answer 61

metimorphic

Question 62

what can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock?

Answer 62

minerals